(482,'GROUPING',32,'GROUPING(expr [, expr] ...)\n\nFor GROUP BY queries that include a WITH ROLLUP modifier, the ROLLUP\noperation produces super-aggregate output rows where NULL represents\nthe set of all values. The GROUPING() function enables you to\ndistinguish NULL values for super-aggregate rows from NULL values in\nregular grouped rows.\n\nGROUPING() is permitted only in the select list or HAVING clause.\n\nEach argument to GROUPING() must be an expression that exactly matches\nan expression in the GROUP BY clause. The expression cannot be a\npositional specifier. For each expression, GROUPING() produces 1 if the\nexpression value in the current row is a NULL representing a\nsuper-aggregate value. Otherwise, GROUPING() produces 0, indicating\nthat the expression value is a NULL for a regular result row or is not\nNULL.\n\nSuppose that table t1 contains these rows, where NULL indicates\nsomething like \"other\" or \"unknown\":\n\nmysql> SELECT * FROM t1;\n+------+-------+----------+\n| name | size  | quantity |\n+------+-------+----------+\n| ball | small |       10 |\n| ball | large |       20 |\n| ball | NULL  |        5 |\n| hoop | small |       15 |\n| hoop | large |        5 |\n| hoop | NULL  |        3 |\n+------+-------+----------+\n\nA summary of the table without WITH ROLLUP looks like this:\n\nmysql> SELECT name, size, SUM(quantity) AS quantity\n       FROM t1\n       GROUP BY name, size;\n+------+-------+----------+\n| name | size  | quantity |\n+------+-------+----------+\n| ball | small |       10 |\n| ball | large |       20 |\n| ball | NULL  |        5 |\n| hoop | small |       15 |\n| hoop | large |        5 |\n| hoop | NULL  |        3 |\n+------+-------+----------+\n\nThe result contains NULL values, but those do not represent\nsuper-aggregate rows because the query does not include WITH ROLLUP.\n\nAdding WITH ROLLUP produces super-aggregate summary rows containing\nadditional NULL values. However, without comparing this result to the\nprevious one, it is not easy to see which NULL values occur in\nsuper-aggregate rows and which occur in regular grouped rows:\n\nmysql> SELECT name, size, SUM(quantity) AS quantity\n       FROM t1\n       GROUP BY name, size WITH ROLLUP;\n+------+-------+----------+\n| name | size  | quantity |\n+------+-------+----------+\n| ball | NULL  |        5 |\n| ball | large |       20 |\n| ball | small |       10 |\n| ball | NULL  |       35 |\n| hoop | NULL  |        3 |\n| hoop | large |        5 |\n| hoop | small |       15 |\n| hoop | NULL  |       23 |\n| NULL | NULL  |       58 |\n+------+-------+----------+\n\nTo distinguish NULL values in super-aggregate rows from those in\nregular grouped rows, use GROUPING(), which returns 1 only for\nsuper-aggregate NULL values:\n\nmysql> SELECT\n         name, size, SUM(quantity) AS quantity,\n         GROUPING(name) AS grp_name,\n         GROUPING(size) AS grp_size\n       FROM t1\n       GROUP BY name, size WITH ROLLUP;\n+------+-------+----------+----------+----------+\n| name | size  | quantity | grp_name | grp_size |\n+------+-------+----------+----------+----------+\n| ball | NULL  |        5 |        0 |        0 |\n| ball | large |       20 |        0 |        0 |\n| ball | small |       10 |        0 |        0 |\n| ball | NULL  |       35 |        0 |        1 |\n| hoop | NULL  |        3 |        0 |        0 |\n| hoop | large |        5 |        0 |        0 |\n| hoop | small |       15 |        0 |        0 |\n| hoop | NULL  |       23 |        0 |        1 |\n| NULL | NULL  |       58 |        1 |        1 |\n+------+-------+----------+----------+----------+\n\nCommon uses for GROUPING():\n\no Substitute a label for super-aggregate NULL values:\n\nmysql> SELECT\n         IF(GROUPING(name) = 1, \'All items\', name) AS name,\n         IF(GROUPING(size) = 1, \'All sizes\', size) AS size,\n         SUM(quantity) AS quantity\n       FROM t1\n       GROUP BY name, size WITH ROLLUP;\n+-----------+-----------+----------+\n| name      | size      | quantity |\n+-----------+-----------+----------+\n| ball      | NULL      |        5 |\n| ball      | large     |       20 |\n| ball      | small     |       10 |\n| ball      | All sizes |       35 |\n| hoop      | NULL      |        3 |\n| hoop      | large     |        5 |\n| hoop      | small     |       15 |\n| hoop      | All sizes |       23 |\n| All items | All sizes |       58 |\n+-----------+-----------+----------+\n\no Return only super-aggregate lines by filtering out the regular\n  grouped lines:\n\nmysql> SELECT name, size, SUM(quantity) AS quantity\n       FROM t1\n       GROUP BY name, size WITH ROLLUP\n       HAVING GROUPING(name) = 1 OR GROUPING(size) = 1;\n+------+------+----------+\n| name | size | quantity |\n+------+------+----------+\n| ball | NULL |       35 |\n| hoop | NULL |       23 |\n| NULL | NULL |       58 |\n+------+------+----------+\n\nGROUPING() permits multiple expression arguments. In this case, the\nGROUPING() return value represents a bitmask combined from the results\nfor each expression, where the lowest-order bit corresponds to the\nresult for the rightmost expression. For example, with three expression\narguments, GROUPING(expr1, expr2, expr3) is evaluated like this:\n\n  result for GROUPING(expr3)\n+ result for GROUPING(expr2) << 1\n+ result for GROUPING(expr1) << 2\n\nThe following query shows how GROUPING() results for single arguments\ncombine for a multiple-argument call to produce a bitmask value:\n\nmysql> SELECT\n         name, size, SUM(quantity) AS quantity,\n         GROUPING(name) AS grp_name,\n         GROUPING(size) AS grp_size,\n       GROUPING(name, size) AS grp_all\n       FROM t1\n       GROUP BY name, size WITH ROLLUP;\n+------+-------+----------+----------+----------+---------+\n| name | size  | quantity | grp_name | grp_size | grp_all |\n+------+-------+----------+----------+----------+---------+\n| ball | NULL  |        5 |        0 |        0 |       0 |\n| ball | large |       20 |        0 |        0 |       0 |\n| ball | small |       10 |        0 |        0 |       0 |\n| ball | NULL  |       35 |        0 |        1 |       1 |\n| hoop | NULL  |        3 |        0 |        0 |       0 |\n| hoop | large |        5 |        0 |        0 |       0 |\n| hoop | small |       15 |        0 |        0 |       0 |\n| hoop | NULL  |       23 |        0 |        1 |       1 |\n| NULL | NULL  |       58 |        1 |        1 |       3 |\n+------+-------+----------+----------+----------+---------+\n\nWith multiple expression arguments, the GROUPING() return value is\nnonzero if any expression represents a super-aggregate value.\nMultiple-argument GROUPING() syntax thus provides a simpler way to\nwrite the earlier query that returned only super-aggregate rows, by\nusing a single multiple-argument GROUPING() call rather than multiple\nsingle-argument calls:\n\nmysql> SELECT name, size, SUM(quantity) AS quantity\n       FROM t1\n       GROUP BY name, size WITH ROLLUP\n       HAVING GROUPING(name, size) <> 0;\n+------+------+----------+\n| name | size | quantity |\n+------+------+----------+\n| ball | NULL |       35 |\n| hoop | NULL |       23 |\n| NULL | NULL |       58 |\n+------+------+----------+\n\nUse of GROUPING() is subject to these limitations:\n\no Do not use subquery GROUP BY expressions as GROUPING() arguments\n  because matching might fail. For example, matching fails for this\n  query:\n\nmysql> SELECT GROUPING((SELECT MAX(name) FROM t1))\n       FROM t1\n       GROUP BY (SELECT MAX(name) FROM t1) WITH ROLLUP;\nERROR 3580 (HY000): Argument #1 of GROUPING function is not in GROUP BY\n\no GROUP BY literal expressions should not be used within a HAVING\n  clause as GROUPING() arguments. Due to differences between when the\n  optimizer evaluates GROUP BY and HAVING, matching may succeed but\n  GROUPING() evaluation does not produce the expected result. Consider\n  this query:\n\nSELECT a AS f1, \'w\' AS f2\nFROM t\nGROUP BY f1, f2 WITH ROLLUP\nHAVING GROUPING(f2) = 1;\n\n  GROUPING() is evaluated earlier for the literal constant expression\n  than for the HAVING clause as a whole and returns 0. To check whether\n  a query such as this is affected, use EXPLAIN and look for Impossible\n  having in the Extra column.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/miscellaneous-functions.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/miscellaneous-functions.html'),(483,'INET_ATON',32,'Syntax:\nINET_ATON(expr)\n\nGiven the dotted-quad representation of an IPv4 network address as a\nstring, returns an integer that represents the numeric value of the\naddress in network byte order (big endian). INET_ATON() returns NULL if\nit does not understand its argument.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/miscellaneous-functions.html\n\n','mysql> SELECT INET_ATON(\'10.0.5.9\');\n        -> 167773449\n','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/miscellaneous-functions.html'),(484,'INET_NTOA',32,'Syntax:\nINET_NTOA(expr)\n\nGiven a numeric IPv4 network address in network byte order, returns the\ndotted-quad string representation of the address as a string in the\nconnection character set. INET_NTOA() returns NULL if it does not\nunderstand its argument.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/miscellaneous-functions.html\n\n','mysql> SELECT INET_NTOA(167773449);\n        -> \'10.0.5.9\'\n','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/miscellaneous-functions.html'),(485,'INET6_ATON',32,'Syntax:\nINET6_ATON(expr)\n\nGiven an IPv6 or IPv4 network address as a string, returns a binary\nstring that represents the numeric value of the address in network byte\norder (big endian). Because numeric-format IPv6 addresses require more\nbytes than the largest integer type, the representation returned by\nthis function has the VARBINARY data type: VARBINARY(16) for IPv6\naddresses and VARBINARY(4) for IPv4 addresses. If the argument is not a\nvalid address, INET6_ATON() returns NULL.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/miscellaneous-functions.html\n\n','mysql> SELECT HEX(INET6_ATON(\'fdfe::5a55:caff:fefa:9089\'));\n        -> \'FDFE0000000000005A55CAFFFEFA9089\'\nmysql> SELECT HEX(INET6_ATON(\'10.0.5.9\'));\n        -> \'0A000509\'\n','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/miscellaneous-functions.html'),(486,'INET6_NTOA',32,'Syntax:\nINET6_NTOA(expr)\n\nGiven an IPv6 or IPv4 network address represented in numeric form as a\nbinary string, returns the string representation of the address as a\nstring in the connection character set. If the argument is not a valid\naddress, INET6_NTOA() returns NULL.\n\nINET6_NTOA() has these properties:\n\no It does not use operating system functions to perform conversions,\n  thus the output string is platform independent.\n\no The return string has a maximum length of 39 (4 x 8 + 7). Given this\n  statement:\n\nCREATE TABLE t AS SELECT INET6_NTOA(expr) AS c1;\n\n  The resulting table would have this definition:\n\nCREATE TABLE t (c1 VARCHAR(39) CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT NULL);\n\no The return string uses lowercase letters for IPv6 addresses.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/miscellaneous-functions.html\n\n','mysql> SELECT INET6_NTOA(INET6_ATON(\'fdfe::5a55:caff:fefa:9089\'));\n        -> \'fdfe::5a55:caff:fefa:9089\'\nmysql> SELECT INET6_NTOA(INET6_ATON(\'10.0.5.9\'));\n        -> \'10.0.5.9\'\n\nmysql> SELECT INET6_NTOA(UNHEX(\'FDFE0000000000005A55CAFFFEFA9089\'));\n        -> \'fdfe::5a55:caff:fefa:9089\'\nmysql> SELECT INET6_NTOA(UNHEX(\'0A000509\'));\n        -> \'10.0.5.9\'\n','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/miscellaneous-functions.html'),(487,'IS_IPV4',32,'Syntax:\nIS_IPV4(expr)\n\nReturns 1 if the argument is a valid IPv4 address specified as a\nstring, 0 otherwise.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/miscellaneous-functions.html\n\n','mysql> SELECT IS_IPV4(\'10.0.5.9\'), IS_IPV4(\'10.0.5.256\');\n        -> 1, 0\n','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/miscellaneous-functions.html'),(488,'IS_IPV4_COMPAT',32,'Syntax:\nIS_IPV4_COMPAT(expr)\n\nThis function takes an IPv6 address represented in numeric form as a\nbinary string, as returned by INET6_ATON(). It returns 1 if the\nargument is a valid IPv4-compatible IPv6 address, 0 otherwise.\nIPv4-compatible addresses have the form ::ipv4_address.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/miscellaneous-functions.html\n\n','mysql> SELECT IS_IPV4_COMPAT(INET6_ATON(\'::10.0.5.9\'));\n        -> 1\nmysql> SELECT IS_IPV4_COMPAT(INET6_ATON(\'::ffff:10.0.5.9\'));\n        -> 0\n','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/miscellaneous-functions.html'),(489,'IS_IPV4_MAPPED',32,'Syntax:\nIS_IPV4_MAPPED(expr)\n\nThis function takes an IPv6 address represented in numeric form as a\nbinary string, as returned by INET6_ATON(). It returns 1 if the\nargument is a valid IPv4-mapped IPv6 address, 0 otherwise. IPv4-mapped\naddresses have the form ::ffff:ipv4_address.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/miscellaneous-functions.html\n\n','mysql> SELECT IS_IPV4_MAPPED(INET6_ATON(\'::10.0.5.9\'));\n        -> 0\nmysql> SELECT IS_IPV4_MAPPED(INET6_ATON(\'::ffff:10.0.5.9\'));\n        -> 1\n','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/miscellaneous-functions.html'),(490,'IS_IPV6',32,'Syntax:\nIS_IPV6(expr)\n\nReturns 1 if the argument is a valid IPv6 address specified as a\nstring, 0 otherwise. This function does not consider IPv4 addresses to\nbe valid IPv6 addresses.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/miscellaneous-functions.html\n\n','mysql> SELECT IS_IPV6(\'10.0.5.9\'), IS_IPV6(\'::1\');\n        -> 0, 1\n','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/miscellaneous-functions.html'),(491,'IS_UUID',32,'IS_UUID(string_uuid)\n\nReturns 1 if the argument is a valid string-format UUID, 0 if the\nargument is not a valid UUID, and NULL if the argument is NULL.\n\n\"Valid\" means that the value is in a format that can be parsed. That\nis, it has the correct length and contains only the permitted\ncharacters (hexadecimal digits in any lettercase and, optionally,\ndashes and curly braces). This format is most common:\n\naaaaaaaa-bbbb-cccc-dddd-eeeeeeeeeeee\n\nThese other formats are also permitted:\n\naaaaaaaabbbbccccddddeeeeeeeeeeee\n{aaaaaaaa-bbbb-cccc-dddd-eeeeeeeeeeee}\n\nFor the meanings of fields within the value, see the UUID() function\ndescription.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/miscellaneous-functions.html\n\n','mysql> SELECT IS_UUID(\'6ccd780c-baba-1026-9564-5b8c656024db\');\n+-------------------------------------------------+\n| IS_UUID(\'6ccd780c-baba-1026-9564-5b8c656024db\') |\n+-------------------------------------------------+\n|                                               1 |\n+-------------------------------------------------+\nmysql> SELECT IS_UUID(\'6CCD780C-BABA-1026-9564-5B8C656024DB\');\n+-------------------------------------------------+\n| IS_UUID(\'6CCD780C-BABA-1026-9564-5B8C656024DB\') |\n+-------------------------------------------------+\n|                                               1 |\n+-------------------------------------------------+\nmysql> SELECT IS_UUID(\'6ccd780cbaba102695645b8c656024db\');\n+---------------------------------------------+\n| IS_UUID(\'6ccd780cbaba102695645b8c656024db\') |\n+---------------------------------------------+\n|                                           1 |\n+---------------------------------------------+\nmysql> SELECT IS_UUID(\'{6ccd780c-baba-1026-9564-5b8c656024db}\');\n+---------------------------------------------------+\n| IS_UUID(\'{6ccd780c-baba-1026-9564-5b8c656024db}\') |\n+---------------------------------------------------+\n|                                                 1 |\n+---------------------------------------------------+\nmysql> SELECT IS_UUID(\'6ccd780c-baba-1026-9564-5b8c6560\');\n+---------------------------------------------+\n| IS_UUID(\'6ccd780c-baba-1026-9564-5b8c6560\') |\n+---------------------------------------------+\n|                                           0 |\n+---------------------------------------------+\nmysql> SELECT IS_UUID(RAND());\n+-----------------+\n| IS_UUID(RAND()) |\n+-----------------+\n|               0 |\n+-----------------+\n','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/miscellaneous-functions.html'),(492,'MASTER_POS_WAIT',32,'Syntax:\nMASTER_POS_WAIT(log_name,log_pos[,timeout][,channel])\n\nThis function is useful for control of master/slave synchronization. It\nblocks until the slave has read and applied all updates up to the\nspecified position in the master log. The return value is the number of\nlog events the slave had to wait for to advance to the specified\nposition. The function returns NULL if the slave SQL thread is not\nstarted, the slave\'s master information is not initialized, the\narguments are incorrect, or an error occurs. It returns -1 if the\ntimeout has been exceeded. If the slave SQL thread stops while\nMASTER_POS_WAIT() is waiting, the function returns NULL. If the slave\nis past the specified position, the function returns immediately.\n\nOn a multithreaded slave, the function waits until expiry of the limit\nset by the slave_checkpoint_group or slave_checkpoint_period system\nvariable, when the checkpoint operation is called to update the status\nof the slave. Depending on the setting for the system variables, the\nfunction might therefore return some time after the specified position\nwas reached.\n\nIf a timeout value is specified, MASTER_POS_WAIT() stops waiting when\ntimeout seconds have elapsed. timeout must be greater than 0; a zero or\nnegative timeout means no timeout.\n\nThe optional channel value enables you to name which replication\nchannel the function applies to. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/replication-channels.html for\nmore information.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/miscellaneous-functions.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/miscellaneous-functions.html'),(493,'NAME_CONST',32,'Syntax:\nNAME_CONST(name,value)\n\nReturns the given value. When used to produce a result set column,\nNAME_CONST() causes the column to have the given name. The arguments\nshould be constants.\n\nmysql> SELECT NAME_CONST(\'myname\', 14);\n+--------+\n| myname |\n+--------+\n|     14 |\n+--------+\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/miscellaneous-functions.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/miscellaneous-functions.html'),(494,'SLEEP',32,'Syntax:\nSLEEP(duration)\n\nSleeps (pauses) for the number of seconds given by the duration\nargument, then returns 0. The duration may have a fractional part. If\nthe argument is NULL or negative, SLEEP() produces a warning, or an\nerror in strict SQL mode.\n\nWhen sleep returns normally (without interruption), it returns 0:\n\nmysql> SELECT SLEEP(1000);\n+-------------+\n| SLEEP(1000) |\n+-------------+\n|           0 |\n+-------------+\n\nWhen SLEEP() is the only thing invoked by a query that is interrupted,\nit returns 1 and the query itself returns no error. This is true\nwhether the query is killed or times out:\n\no This statement is interrupted using KILL QUERY from another session:\n\nmysql> SELECT SLEEP(1000);\n+-------------+\n| SLEEP(1000) |\n+-------------+\n|           1 |\n+-------------+\n\no This statement is interrupted by timing out:\n\nmysql> SELECT /*+ MAX_EXECUTION_TIME(1) */ SLEEP(1000);\n+-------------+\n| SLEEP(1000) |\n+-------------+\n|           1 |\n+-------------+\n\nWhen SLEEP() is only part of a query that is interrupted, the query\nreturns an error:\n\no This statement is interrupted using KILL QUERY from another session:\n\nmysql> SELECT 1 FROM t1 WHERE SLEEP(1000);\nERROR 1317 (70100): Query execution was interrupted\n\no This statement is interrupted by timing out:\n\nmysql> SELECT /*+ MAX_EXECUTION_TIME(1000) */ 1 FROM t1 WHERE SLEEP(1000);\nERROR 3024 (HY000): Query execution was interrupted, maximum statement\nexecution time exceeded\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/miscellaneous-functions.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/miscellaneous-functions.html'),(495,'UUID',32,'Syntax:\nUUID()\n\nReturns a Universal Unique Identifier (UUID) generated according to RFC\n4122, \"A Universally Unique IDentifier (UUID) URN Namespace\"\n(http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4122.txt).\n\nA UUID is designed as a number that is globally unique in space and\ntime. Two calls to UUID() are expected to generate two different\nvalues, even if these calls are performed on two separate devices not\nconnected to each other.\n\n*Warning*:\n\nAlthough UUID() values are intended to be unique, they are not\nnecessarily unguessable or unpredictable. If unpredictability is\nrequired, UUID values should be generated some other way.\n\nUUID() returns a value that conforms to UUID version 1 as described in\nRFC 4122. The value is a 128-bit number represented as a utf8 string of\nfive hexadecimal numbers in aaaaaaaa-bbbb-cccc-dddd-eeeeeeeeeeee\nformat:\n\no The first three numbers are generated from the low, middle, and high\n  parts of a timestamp. The high part also includes the UUID version\n  number.\n\no The fourth number preserves temporal uniqueness in case the timestamp\n  value loses monotonicity (for example, due to daylight saving time).\n\no The fifth number is an IEEE 802 node number that provides spatial\n  uniqueness. A random number is substituted if the latter is not\n  available (for example, because the host device has no Ethernet card,\n  or it is unknown how to find the hardware address of an interface on\n  the host operating system). In this case, spatial uniqueness cannot\n  be guaranteed. Nevertheless, a collision should have very low\n  probability.\n\n  The MAC address of an interface is taken into account only on\n  FreeBSD, Linux, and Windows. On other operating systems, MySQL uses a\n  randomly generated 48-bit number.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/miscellaneous-functions.html\n\n','mysql> SELECT UUID();\n        -> \'6ccd780c-baba-1026-9564-5b8c656024db\'\n','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/miscellaneous-functions.html'),(496,'UUID_SHORT',32,'Syntax:\nUUID_SHORT()\n\nReturns a \"short\" universal identifier as a 64-bit unsigned integer.\nValues returned by UUID_SHORT() differ from the string-format 128-bit\nidentifiers returned by the UUID() function and have different\nuniqueness properties. The value of UUID_SHORT() is guaranteed to be\nunique if the following conditions hold:\n\no The server_id value of the current server is between 0 and 255 and is\n  unique among your set of master and slave servers\n\no You do not set back the system time for your server host between\n  mysqld restarts\n\no You invoke UUID_SHORT() on average fewer than 16 million times per\n  second between mysqld restarts\n\nThe UUID_SHORT() return value is constructed this way:\n\n  (server_id & 255) << 56\n+ (server_startup_time_in_seconds << 24)\n+ incremented_variable++;\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/miscellaneous-functions.html\n\n','mysql> SELECT UUID_SHORT();\n        -> 92395783831158784\n','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/miscellaneous-functions.html'),(497,'UUID_TO_BIN',32,'UUID_TO_BIN(string_uuid), UUID_TO_BIN(string_uuid, swap_flag)\n\nConverts a string UUID to a binary UUID and returns the result. (The\nIS_UUID() function description lists the permitted string UUID\nformats.) The return binary UUID is a VARBINARY(16) value. If the UUID\nargument is NULL, the return value is NULL. If any argument is invalid,\nan error occurs.\n\nUUID_TO_BIN() takes one or two arguments:\n\no The one-argument form takes a string UUID value. The binary result is\n  in the same order as the string argument.\n\no The two-argument form takes a string UUID value and a flag value:\n\n  o If swap_flag is 0, the two-argument form is equivalent to the\n    one-argument form. The binary result is in the same order as the\n    string argument.\n\n  o If swap_flag is 1, the format of the return value differs: The\n    time-low and time-high parts (the first and third groups of\n    hexadecimal digits, respectively) are swapped. This moves the more\n    rapidly varying part to the right and can improve indexing\n    efficiency if the result is stored in an indexed column.\n\nTime-part swapping assumes the use of UUID version 1 values, such as\nare generated by the UUID() function. For UUID values produced by other\nmeans that do not follow version 1 format, time-part swapping provides\nno benefit. For details about version 1 format, see the UUID() function\ndescription.\n\nSuppose that you have the following string UUID value:\n\nmysql> SET @uuid = \'6ccd780c-baba-1026-9564-5b8c656024db\';\n\nTo convert the string UUID to binary with or without time-part\nswapping, use UUID_TO_BIN():\n\nmysql> SELECT HEX(UUID_TO_BIN(@uuid));\n+----------------------------------+\n| HEX(UUID_TO_BIN(@uuid))          |\n+----------------------------------+\n| 6CCD780CBABA102695645B8C656024DB |\n+----------------------------------+\nmysql> SELECT HEX(UUID_TO_BIN(@uuid, 0));\n+----------------------------------+\n| HEX(UUID_TO_BIN(@uuid, 0))       |\n+----------------------------------+\n| 6CCD780CBABA102695645B8C656024DB |\n+----------------------------------+\nmysql> SELECT HEX(UUID_TO_BIN(@uuid, 1));\n+----------------------------------+\n| HEX(UUID_TO_BIN(@uuid, 1))       |\n+----------------------------------+\n| 1026BABA6CCD780C95645B8C656024DB |\n+----------------------------------+\n\nTo convert a binary UUID returned by UUID_TO_BIN() to a string UUID,\nuse BIN_TO_UUID(). If you produce a binary UUID by calling\nUUID_TO_BIN() with a second argument of 1 to swap time parts, you\nshould also pass a second argument of 1 to BIN_TO_UUID() to unswap the\ntime parts when converting the binary UUID back to a string UUID:\n\nmysql> SELECT BIN_TO_UUID(UUID_TO_BIN(@uuid));\n+--------------------------------------+\n| BIN_TO_UUID(UUID_TO_BIN(@uuid))      |\n+--------------------------------------+\n| 6ccd780c-baba-1026-9564-5b8c656024db |\n+--------------------------------------+\nmysql> SELECT BIN_TO_UUID(UUID_TO_BIN(@uuid,0),0);\n+--------------------------------------+\n| BIN_TO_UUID(UUID_TO_BIN(@uuid,0),0)  |\n+--------------------------------------+\n| 6ccd780c-baba-1026-9564-5b8c656024db |\n+--------------------------------------+\nmysql> SELECT BIN_TO_UUID(UUID_TO_BIN(@uuid,1),1);\n+--------------------------------------+\n| BIN_TO_UUID(UUID_TO_BIN(@uuid,1),1)  |\n+--------------------------------------+\n| 6ccd780c-baba-1026-9564-5b8c656024db |\n+--------------------------------------+\n\nIf the use of time-part swapping is not the same for the conversion in\nboth directions, the original UUID will not be recovered properly:\n\nmysql> SELECT BIN_TO_UUID(UUID_TO_BIN(@uuid,0),1);\n+--------------------------------------+\n| BIN_TO_UUID(UUID_TO_BIN(@uuid,0),1)  |\n+--------------------------------------+\n| baba1026-780c-6ccd-9564-5b8c656024db |\n+--------------------------------------+\nmysql> SELECT BIN_TO_UUID(UUID_TO_BIN(@uuid,1),0);\n+--------------------------------------+\n| BIN_TO_UUID(UUID_TO_BIN(@uuid,1),0)  |\n+--------------------------------------+\n| 1026baba-6ccd-780c-9564-5b8c656024db |\n+--------------------------------------+\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/miscellaneous-functions.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/miscellaneous-functions.html'),(498,'VALUES',32,'Syntax:\nVALUES(col_name)\n\nIn an INSERT ... ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE statement, you can use the\nVALUES(col_name) function in the UPDATE clause to refer to column\nvalues from the INSERT portion of the statement. In other words,\nVALUES(col_name) in the UPDATE clause refers to the value of col_name\nthat would be inserted, had no duplicate-key conflict occurred. This\nfunction is especially useful in multiple-row inserts. The VALUES()\nfunction is meaningful only in the ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE clause of\nINSERT statements and returns NULL otherwise. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/insert-on-duplicate.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/miscellaneous-functions.html\n\n','mysql> INSERT INTO table (a,b,c) VALUES (1,2,3),(4,5,6)\n    -> ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE c=VALUES(a)+VALUES(b);\n','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/miscellaneous-functions.html'),(499,'ALTER DATABASE',33,'Syntax:\nALTER {DATABASE | SCHEMA} [db_name]\n    alter_specification ...\n\nalter_specification:\n    [DEFAULT] CHARACTER SET [=] charset_name\n  | [DEFAULT] COLLATE [=] collation_name\n  | DEFAULT ENCRYPTION [=] {\'Y\' | \'N\'}\n\nALTER DATABASE enables you to change the overall characteristics of a\ndatabase. These characteristics are stored in the data dictionary. To\nuse ALTER DATABASE, you need the ALTER privilege on the database. ALTER\nSCHEMA is a synonym for ALTER DATABASE.\n\nThe database name can be omitted from the first syntax, in which case\nthe statement applies to the default database.\n\nNational Language Characteristics\n\nThe CHARACTER SET clause changes the default database character set.\nThe COLLATE clause changes the default database collation.\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/charset.html, discusses\ncharacter set and collation names.\n\nYou can see what character sets and collations are available using,\nrespectively, the SHOW CHARACTER SET and SHOW COLLATION statements. See\n[HELP SHOW CHARACTER SET], and [HELP SHOW COLLATION], for more\ninformation.\n\nIf you change the default character set or collation for a database,\nstored routines that use the database defaults must be dropped and\nrecreated so that they use the new defaults. (In a stored routine,\nvariables with character data types use the database defaults if the\ncharacter set or collation are not specified explicitly. See [HELP\nCREATE PROCEDURE].)\n\nEncryption\n\nThe DEFAULT ENCRYPTION clause, introduced in MySQL 8.0.16, defines the\ndefault database encryption, which is inherited by tables created in\nthe database. Changing the default encryption of the database does not\nalter the encryption of existing tables associated with the schema.\nOnly newly-created tables inherit the default database encryption. An\nALTER DATABASE statement executed without a DEFAULT ENCRYPTION clause\nretains the existing default database encryption. If the\ntable_encryption_privilege_check variable is enabled, the\nTABLE_ENCRYPTION_ADMIN privilege is required to specify a default\nencryption setting that differs from the default_table_encryption\nsetting. For more information, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/innodb-data-encryption.html#inn\nodb-schema-tablespace-encryption-default.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/alter-database.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/alter-database.html'),(500,'ALTER SCHEMA',33,'Syntax:\nALTER {DATABASE | SCHEMA} [db_name]\n    alter_specification ...\n\nalter_specification:\n    [DEFAULT] CHARACTER SET [=] charset_name\n  | [DEFAULT] COLLATE [=] collation_name\n  | DEFAULT ENCRYPTION [=] {\'Y\' | \'N\'}\n\nALTER DATABASE enables you to change the overall characteristics of a\ndatabase. These characteristics are stored in the data dictionary. To\nuse ALTER DATABASE, you need the ALTER privilege on the database. ALTER\nSCHEMA is a synonym for ALTER DATABASE.\n\nThe database name can be omitted from the first syntax, in which case\nthe statement applies to the default database.\n\nNational Language Characteristics\n\nThe CHARACTER SET clause changes the default database character set.\nThe COLLATE clause changes the default database collation.\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/charset.html, discusses\ncharacter set and collation names.\n\nYou can see what character sets and collations are available using,\nrespectively, the SHOW CHARACTER SET and SHOW COLLATION statements. See\n[HELP SHOW CHARACTER SET], and [HELP SHOW COLLATION], for more\ninformation.\n\nIf you change the default character set or collation for a database,\nstored routines that use the database defaults must be dropped and\nrecreated so that they use the new defaults. (In a stored routine,\nvariables with character data types use the database defaults if the\ncharacter set or collation are not specified explicitly. See [HELP\nCREATE PROCEDURE].)\n\nEncryption\n\nThe DEFAULT ENCRYPTION clause, introduced in MySQL 8.0.16, defines the\ndefault database encryption, which is inherited by tables created in\nthe database. Changing the default encryption of the database does not\nalter the encryption of existing tables associated with the schema.\nOnly newly-created tables inherit the default database encryption. An\nALTER DATABASE statement executed without a DEFAULT ENCRYPTION clause\nretains the existing default database encryption. If the\ntable_encryption_privilege_check variable is enabled, the\nTABLE_ENCRYPTION_ADMIN privilege is required to specify a default\nencryption setting that differs from the default_table_encryption\nsetting. For more information, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/innodb-data-encryption.html#inn\nodb-schema-tablespace-encryption-default.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/alter-database.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/alter-database.html'),(501,'ALTER EVENT',33,'Syntax:\nALTER\n    [DEFINER = user]\n    EVENT event_name\n    [ON SCHEDULE schedule]\n    [ON COMPLETION [NOT] PRESERVE]\n    [RENAME TO new_event_name]\n    [ENABLE | DISABLE | DISABLE ON SLAVE]\n    [COMMENT \'string\']\n    [DO event_body]\n\nThe ALTER EVENT statement changes one or more of the characteristics of\nan existing event without the need to drop and recreate it. The syntax\nfor each of the DEFINER, ON SCHEDULE, ON COMPLETION, COMMENT, ENABLE /\nDISABLE, and DO clauses is exactly the same as when used with CREATE\nEVENT. (See [HELP CREATE EVENT].)\n\nAny user can alter an event defined on a database for which that user\nhas the EVENT privilege. When a user executes a successful ALTER EVENT\nstatement, that user becomes the definer for the affected event.\n\nALTER EVENT works only with an existing event:\n\nmysql> ALTER EVENT no_such_event \n     >     ON SCHEDULE \n     >       EVERY \'2:3\' DAY_HOUR;\nERROR 1517 (HY000): Unknown event \'no_such_event\'\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/alter-event.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/alter-event.html'),(502,'ALTER FUNCTION',33,'Syntax:\nALTER FUNCTION func_name [characteristic ...]\n\ncharacteristic:\n    COMMENT \'string\'\n  | LANGUAGE SQL\n  | { CONTAINS SQL | NO SQL | READS SQL DATA | MODIFIES SQL DATA }\n  | SQL SECURITY { DEFINER | INVOKER }\n\nThis statement can be used to change the characteristics of a stored\nfunction. More than one change may be specified in an ALTER FUNCTION\nstatement. However, you cannot change the parameters or body of a\nstored function using this statement; to make such changes, you must\ndrop and re-create the function using DROP FUNCTION and CREATE\nFUNCTION.\n\nYou must have the ALTER ROUTINE privilege for the function. (That\nprivilege is granted automatically to the function creator.) If binary\nlogging is enabled, the ALTER FUNCTION statement might also require the\nSUPER privilege, as described in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/stored-programs-logging.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/alter-function.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/alter-function.html'),(503,'ALTER INSTANCE',33,'Syntax:\nALTER INSTANCE instance_action\n\ninstance_action: {\n    ROTATE INNODB MASTER KEY\n  | ROTATE BINLOG MASTER KEY\n  | RELOAD TLS [NO ROLLBACK ON ERROR]\n}\n\nALTER INSTANCE defines actions applicable to a MySQL server instance.\nThe statement supports these actions:\n\no ALTER INSTANCE ROTATE INNODB MASTER KEY\n\n  This action rotates the master encryption key used for InnoDB\n  tablespace encryption. Key rotation requires the ENCRYPTION_KEY_ADMIN\n  or SUPER privilege. To perform this action, a keyring plugin must be\n  installed and configured. For instructions, see\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/keyring.html.\n\n  ALTER INSTANCE ROTATE INNODB MASTER KEY supports concurrent DML.\n  However, it cannot be run concurrently with CREATE TABLE ...\n  ENCRYPTION or ALTER TABLE ... ENCRYPTION operations, and locks are\n  taken to prevent conflicts that could arise from concurrent execution\n  of these statements. If one of the conflicting statements is running,\n  it must complete before another can proceed.\n\n  ALTER INSTANCE ROTATE INNODB MASTER KEY statements are written to the\n  binary log so that they can be executed on replicated servers.\n\n  For additional ALTER INSTANCE ROTATE INNODB MASTER KEY usage\n  information, see\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/innodb-data-encryption.html.\n\no ALTER INSTANCE ROTATE BINLOG MASTER KEY\n\n  This action rotates the binary log master key used for binary log\n  encryption. Key rotation for the binary log master key requires the\n  BINLOG_ENCRYPTION_ADMIN or SUPER privilege. The statement cannot be\n  used if the binlog_encryption system variable is set to OFF. To\n  perform this action, a keyring plugin must be installed and\n  configured. For instructions, see\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/keyring.html.\n\n  ALTER INSTANCE ROTATE BINLOG MASTER KEY actions are not written to\n  the binary log and are not executed on replication slaves. Binary log\n  master key rotation can therefore be carried out in replication\n  environments including a mix of MySQL versions. To schedule regular\n  rotation of the binary log master key on all applicable master and\n  slave servers, you can enable the MySQL Event Scheduler on each\n  server and issue the ALTER INSTANCE ROTATE BINLOG MASTER KEY\n  statement using a CREATE EVENT statement. If you rotate the binary\n  log master key because you suspect that the current or any of the\n  previous binary log master keys might have been compromised, issue\n  the statement on every applicable master and slave server, which\n  enables you to verify immediate compliance.\n\n  For additional ALTER INSTANCE ROTATE BINLOG MASTER KEY usage\n  information, including what to do if the process does not complete\n  correctly or is interrupted by an unexpected server halt, see\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/replication-binlog-encryption\n  .html.\n\no ALTER INSTANCE RELOAD TLS\n\n  This action reconfigures the SSL context from the current values of\n  the system variables that define the context. It also updates the\n  status variables that reflect the active context values. This action\n  requires the CONNECTION_ADMIN privilege.\n\n  By default, the RELOAD TLS action rolls back with an error and has no\n  effect if the configuration values do not permit creation of a new\n  SSL context. The previous context values continue to be used for new\n  connections.\n\n  If the optional NO ROLLBACK ON ERROR clause is given and a new\n  context cannot be created, rollback does not occur. Instead, a\n  warning is generated and SSL is disabled for new connections.\n\n  ALTER INSTANCE RELOAD TLS statements are not written to the binary\n  log (and thus are not replicated). SSL configuration is local and\n  depends on local files not necessarily present on all servers\n  involved.\n\n  For additional information about reconfiguring the SSL context,\n  including which system and status variables are context-related, see\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/using-encrypted-connections.h\n  tml#using-encrypted-connections-server-side-runtime-configuration.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/alter-instance.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/alter-instance.html'),(504,'ALTER LOGFILE GROUP',33,'Syntax:\nALTER LOGFILE GROUP logfile_group\n    ADD UNDOFILE \'file_name\'\n    [INITIAL_SIZE [=] size]\n    [WAIT]\n    ENGINE [=] engine_name\n\nThis statement adds an UNDO file named \'file_name\' to an existing log\nfile group logfile_group. An ALTER LOGFILE GROUP statement has one and\nonly one ADD UNDOFILE clause. No DROP UNDOFILE clause is currently\nsupported.\n\n*Note*:\n\nAll NDB Cluster Disk Data objects share the same namespace. This means\nthat each Disk Data object must be uniquely named (and not merely each\nDisk Data object of a given type). For example, you cannot have a\ntablespace and an undo log file with the same name, or an undo log file\nand a data file with the same name.\n\nThe optional INITIAL_SIZE parameter sets the UNDO file\'s initial size\nin bytes; if not specified, the initial size defaults to 134217728 (128\nMB). You may optionally follow size with a one-letter abbreviation for\nan order of magnitude, similar to those used in my.cnf. Generally, this\nis one of the letters M (megabytes) or G (gigabytes). (Bug #13116514,\nBug #16104705, Bug #62858)\n\nOn 32-bit systems, the maximum supported value for INITIAL_SIZE is\n4294967296 (4 GB). (Bug #29186)\n\nThe minimum allowed value for INITIAL_SIZE is 1048576 (1 MB). (Bug\n#29574)\n\n*Note*:\n\nWAIT is parsed but otherwise ignored. This keyword currently has no\neffect, and is intended for future expansion.\n\nThe ENGINE parameter (required) determines the storage engine which is\nused by this log file group, with engine_name being the name of the\nstorage engine. Currently, the only accepted values for engine_name are\n\"NDBCLUSTER\" and \"NDB\". The two values are equivalent.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/alter-logfile-group.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/alter-logfile-group.html'),(505,'ALTER PROCEDURE',33,'Syntax:\nALTER PROCEDURE proc_name [characteristic ...]\n\ncharacteristic:\n    COMMENT \'string\'\n  | LANGUAGE SQL\n  | { CONTAINS SQL | NO SQL | READS SQL DATA | MODIFIES SQL DATA }\n  | SQL SECURITY { DEFINER | INVOKER }\n\nThis statement can be used to change the characteristics of a stored\nprocedure. More than one change may be specified in an ALTER PROCEDURE\nstatement. However, you cannot change the parameters or body of a\nstored procedure using this statement; to make such changes, you must\ndrop and re-create the procedure using DROP PROCEDURE and CREATE\nPROCEDURE.\n\nYou must have the ALTER ROUTINE privilege for the procedure. By\ndefault, that privilege is granted automatically to the procedure\ncreator. This behavior can be changed by disabling the\nautomatic_sp_privileges system variable. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/stored-routines-privileges.html\n.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/alter-procedure.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/alter-procedure.html'),(506,'ALTER SERVER',33,'Syntax:\nALTER SERVER  server_name\n    OPTIONS (option [, option] ...)\n\nAlters the server information for server_name, adjusting any of the\noptions permitted in the CREATE SERVER statement. The corresponding\nfields in the mysql.servers table are updated accordingly. This\nstatement requires the SUPER privilege.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/alter-server.html\n\n','ALTER SERVER s OPTIONS (USER \'sally\');\n','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/alter-server.html'),(507,'ALTER TABLE',33,'Syntax:\nALTER TABLE tbl_name\n    [alter_specification [, alter_specification] ...]\n    [partition_options]\n\nalter_specification:\n    table_options\n  | ADD [COLUMN] col_name column_definition\n        [FIRST | AFTER col_name]\n  | ADD [COLUMN] (col_name column_definition,...)\n  | ADD {INDEX|KEY} [index_name]\n        [index_type] (key_part,...) [index_option] ...\n  | ADD {FULLTEXT|SPATIAL} [INDEX|KEY] [index_name]\n        (key_part,...) [index_option] ...\n  | ADD [CONSTRAINT [symbol]] PRIMARY KEY\n        [index_type] (key_part,...)\n        [index_option] ...\n  | ADD [CONSTRAINT [symbol]] UNIQUE [INDEX|KEY]\n        [index_name] [index_type] (key_part,...)\n        [index_option] ...\n  | ADD [CONSTRAINT [symbol]] FOREIGN KEY\n        [index_name] (col_name,...)\n        reference_definition\n  | ADD [CONSTRAINT [symbol]] CHECK (expr) [[NOT] ENFORCED]\n  | DROP {CHECK|CONSTRAINT} symbol\n  | ALTER {CHECK|CONSTRAINT} symbol [NOT] ENFORCED\n  | ALGORITHM [=] {DEFAULT|INSTANT|INPLACE|COPY}\n  | ALTER [COLUMN] col_name\n        {SET DEFAULT {literal | (expr)} | DROP DEFAULT}\n  | ALTER INDEX index_name {VISIBLE | INVISIBLE}\n  | CHANGE [COLUMN] old_col_name new_col_name column_definition\n        [FIRST|AFTER col_name]\n  | [DEFAULT] CHARACTER SET [=] charset_name [COLLATE [=] collation_name]\n  | CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET charset_name [COLLATE collation_name]\n  | {DISABLE|ENABLE} KEYS\n  | {DISCARD|IMPORT} TABLESPACE\n  | DROP [COLUMN] col_name\n  | DROP {INDEX|KEY} index_name\n  | DROP PRIMARY KEY\n  | DROP FOREIGN KEY fk_symbol\n  | FORCE\n  | LOCK [=] {DEFAULT|NONE|SHARED|EXCLUSIVE}\n  | MODIFY [COLUMN] col_name column_definition\n        [FIRST | AFTER col_name]\n  | ORDER BY col_name [, col_name] ...\n  | RENAME COLUMN old_col_name TO new_col_name\n  | RENAME {INDEX|KEY} old_index_name TO new_index_name\n  | RENAME [TO|AS] new_tbl_name\n  | {WITHOUT|WITH} VALIDATION\n\npartition_options:\n    partition_option [partition_option] ...\n\npartition_option:\n    ADD PARTITION (partition_definition)\n  | DROP PARTITION partition_names\n  | DISCARD PARTITION {partition_names | ALL} TABLESPACE\n  | IMPORT PARTITION {partition_names | ALL} TABLESPACE\n  | TRUNCATE PARTITION {partition_names | ALL}\n  | COALESCE PARTITION number\n  | REORGANIZE PARTITION partition_names INTO (partition_definitions)\n  | EXCHANGE PARTITION partition_name WITH TABLE tbl_name [{WITH|WITHOUT} VALIDATION]\n  | ANALYZE PARTITION {partition_names | ALL}\n  | CHECK PARTITION {partition_names | ALL}\n  | OPTIMIZE PARTITION {partition_names | ALL}\n  | REBUILD PARTITION {partition_names | ALL}\n  | REPAIR PARTITION {partition_names | ALL}\n  | REMOVE PARTITIONING\n\nkey_part: {col_name [(length)] | (expr)} [ASC | DESC]\n\nindex_type:\n    USING {BTREE | HASH}\n\nindex_option:\n    KEY_BLOCK_SIZE [=] value\n  | index_type\n  | WITH PARSER parser_name\n  | COMMENT \'string\'\n  | {VISIBLE | INVISIBLE}\n\ntable_options:\n    table_option [[,] table_option] ...\n\ntable_option:\n    AUTO_INCREMENT [=] value\n  | AVG_ROW_LENGTH [=] value\n  | [DEFAULT] CHARACTER SET [=] charset_name\n  | CHECKSUM [=] {0 | 1}\n  | [DEFAULT] COLLATE [=] collation_name\n  | COMMENT [=] \'string\'\n  | COMPRESSION [=] {\'ZLIB\'|\'LZ4\'|\'NONE\'}\n  | CONNECTION [=] \'connect_string\'\n  | {DATA|INDEX} DIRECTORY [=] \'absolute path to directory\'\n  | DELAY_KEY_WRITE [=] {0 | 1}\n  | ENCRYPTION [=] {\'Y\' | \'N\'}\n  | ENGINE [=] engine_name\n  | INSERT_METHOD [=] { NO | FIRST | LAST }\n  | KEY_BLOCK_SIZE [=] value\n  | MAX_ROWS [=] value\n  | MIN_ROWS [=] value\n  | PACK_KEYS [=] {0 | 1 | DEFAULT}\n  | PASSWORD [=] \'string\'\n  | ROW_FORMAT [=] {DEFAULT|DYNAMIC|FIXED|COMPRESSED|REDUNDANT|COMPACT}\n  | STATS_AUTO_RECALC [=] {DEFAULT|0|1}\n  | STATS_PERSISTENT [=] {DEFAULT|0|1}\n  | STATS_SAMPLE_PAGES [=] value\n  | TABLESPACE tablespace_name [STORAGE {DISK|MEMORY}]\n  | UNION [=] (tbl_name[,tbl_name]...)\n\npartition_options:\n    (see CREATE TABLE options)\n\nALTER TABLE changes the structure of a table. For example, you can add\nor delete columns, create or destroy indexes, change the type of\nexisting columns, or rename columns or the table itself. You can also\nchange characteristics such as the storage engine used for the table or\nthe table comment.\n\no To use ALTER TABLE, you need ALTER, CREATE, and INSERT privileges for\n  the table. Renaming a table requires ALTER and DROP on the old table,\n  ALTER, CREATE, and INSERT on the new table.\n\no Following the table name, specify the alterations to be made. If none\n  are given, ALTER TABLE does nothing.\n\no The syntax for many of the permissible alterations is similar to\n  clauses of the CREATE TABLE statement. column_definition clauses use\n  the same syntax for ADD and CHANGE as for CREATE TABLE. For more\n  information, see [HELP CREATE TABLE].\n\no The word COLUMN is optional and can be omitted, except for RENAME\n  COLUMN (to distinguish a column-renaming operation from the RENAME\n  table-renaming operation).\n\no Multiple ADD, ALTER, DROP, and CHANGE clauses are permitted in a\n  single ALTER TABLE statement, separated by commas. This is a MySQL\n  extension to standard SQL, which permits only one of each clause per\n  ALTER TABLE statement. For example, to drop multiple columns in a\n  single statement, do this:\n\nALTER TABLE t2 DROP COLUMN c, DROP COLUMN d;\n\no If a storage engine does not support an attempted ALTER TABLE\n  operation, a warning may result. Such warnings can be displayed with\n  SHOW WARNINGS. See [HELP SHOW WARNINGS]. For information on\n  troubleshooting ALTER TABLE, see\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/alter-table-problems.html.\n\no For information about generated columns, see\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/alter-table-generated-columns\n  .html.\n\no For usage examples, see\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/alter-table-examples.html.\n\no InnoDB in MySQL 8.0.17 and later supports addition of multi-valued\n  indexes on JSON columns using a key_part specification can take the\n  form (CAST json_path AS type ARRAY). See\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-index.html#create-inde\n  x-multi-valued, for detailed information regarding multi-valued index\n  creation and usage of, as well as restrictions and limitations on\n  multi-valued indexes.\n\no With the mysql_info() C API function, you can find out how many rows\n  were copied by ALTER TABLE. See\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/mysql-info.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/alter-table.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/alter-table.html'),(508,'ALTER TABLESPACE',33,'Syntax:\nALTER [UNDO] TABLESPACE tablespace_name\n  NDB only:  \n    {ADD|DROP} DATAFILE \'file_name\'\n    [INITIAL_SIZE [=] size]\n    [WAIT]\n  InnoDB and NDB:\n    [RENAME TO tablespace_name] \n  InnoDB only:\n    [SET {ACTIVE|INACTIVE}]\n    [ENCRYPTION [=] {\'Y\' | \'N\'}]\n  InnoDB and NDB:\n    [ENGINE [=] engine_name]\n\nThis statement is used with NDB and InnoDB tablespaces. It can be used\nto add a new data file to, or to drop a data file from an NDB\ntablespace. It can also be used to rename an NDB Cluster Disk Data\ntablespace, rename an InnoDB general tablespace, encrypt an InnoDB\ngeneral tablespace, or mark an InnoDB undo tablespace as active or\ninactive.\n\nThe UNDO keyword, introduced in MySQL 8.0.14, is used with the SET\n{ACTIVE|INACTIVE} clause to mark an InnoDB undo tablespace as active or\ninactive. For more information, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/innodb-undo-tablespaces.html.\n\nThe ADD DATAFILE variant enables you to specify an initial size for an\nNDB Disk Data tablespace using an INITIAL_SIZE clause, where size is\nmeasured in bytes; the default value is 134217728 (128 MB). You may\noptionally follow size with a one-letter abbreviation for an order of\nmagnitude, similar to those used in my.cnf. Generally, this is one of\nthe letters M (megabytes) or G (gigabytes).\n\nOn 32-bit systems, the maximum supported value for INITIAL_SIZE is\n4294967296 (4 GB). (Bug #29186)\n\nINITIAL_SIZE is rounded, explicitly, as for CREATE TABLESPACE.\n\nOnce a data file has been created, its size cannot be changed; however,\nyou can add more data files to an NDB tablespace using additional ALTER\nTABLESPACE ... ADD DATAFILE statements.\n\nWhen ALTER TABLESPACE ... ADD DATAFILE is used with ENGINE = NDB, a\ndata file is created on each Cluster data node, but only one row is\ngenerated in the INFORMATION_SCHEMA.FILES table. See the description of\nthis table, as well as\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/mysql-cluster-disk-data-objects\n.html, for more information. ADD DATAFILE is not supported with InnoDB\ntablespaces.\n\nUsing DROP DATAFILE with ALTER TABLESPACE drops the data file\n\'file_name\' from an NDB tablespace. You cannot drop a data file from a\ntablespace which is in use by any table; in other words, the data file\nmust be empty (no extents used). See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/mysql-cluster-disk-data-objects\n.html. In addition, any data file to be dropped must previously have\nbeen added to the tablespace with CREATE TABLESPACE or ALTER\nTABLESPACE. DROP DATAFILE is not supported with InnoDB tablespaces.\n\nWAIT is parsed but otherwise ignored. It is intended for future\nexpansion.\n\nThe ENGINE clause, which specifies the storage engine used by the\ntablespace, is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. The\ntablespace storage engine is known by the data dictionary, making the\nENGINE clause obsolete. If the storage engine is specified, it must\nmatch the tablespace storage engine defined in the data dictionary. The\nonly values for engine_name compatible with NDB tablespaces are NDB and\nNDBCLUSTER.\n\nRENAME TO operations are implicitly performed in autocommit mode,\nregardless of the autocommit setting.\n\nA RENAME TO operation cannot be performed while LOCK TABLES or FLUSH\nTABLES WITH READ LOCK is in effect for tables that reside in the\ntablespace.\n\nExclusive metadata locks are taken on tables that reside in a general\ntablespace while the tablespace is renamed, which prevents concurrent\nDDL. Concurrent DML is supported.\n\nThe CREATE TABLESPACE privilege is required to rename an InnoDB general\ntablespace.\n\nThe ENCRYPTION clause enables or disables page-level data encryption\nfor an InnoDB general tablespace or the mysql system tablespace.\nEncryption support for general tablespaces was introduced in MySQL\n8.0.13. Encryption support for the mysql system tablespace was\nintroduced in MySQL 8.0.16.\n\nA keyring plugin must be installed and configured before encryption can\nbe enabled.\n\nAs of MySQL 8.0.16, if the table_encryption_privilege_check variable is\nenabled, the TABLE_ENCRYPTION_ADMIN privilege is required to alter a\ngeneral tablespace with an ENCRYPTION clause setting that differs from\nthe default_table_encryption setting.\n\nEnabling encryption for a general tablespace fails if any table in the\ntablespace belongs to a schema defined with DEFAULT ENCRYPTION=\'N\'.\nSimilarly, disabling encryption fails if any table in the general\ntablespace belongs to a schema defined with DEFAULT ENCRYPTION=\'Y\'. The\nDEFAULT ENCRYPTION schema option was introduced in MySQL 8.0.16.\n\nIf an ALTER TABLESPACE statement executed on a general tablespace does\nnot include an ENCRYPTION clause, the tablespace retains its current\nencryption status, regardless of the default_table_encryption setting.\n\nWhen a general tablespace or the mysql system tablespace is encrypted,\nall tables residing in the tablespace are encrypted. Likewise, a table\ncreated in an encrypted tablespace is encrypted.\n\nThe INPLACE algorithm is used when altering the ENCRYPTION attribute of\na general tablespace or the mysql system tablespace. The INPLACE\nalgorithm permits concurrent DML on tables that reside in the\ntablespace. Concurrent DDL is blocked.\n\nFor more information, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/innodb-data-encryption.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/alter-tablespace.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/alter-tablespace.html'),(509,'ALTER VIEW',33,'Syntax:\nALTER\n    [ALGORITHM = {UNDEFINED | MERGE | TEMPTABLE}]\n    [DEFINER = user]\n    [SQL SECURITY { DEFINER | INVOKER }]\n    VIEW view_name [(column_list)]\n    AS select_statement\n    [WITH [CASCADED | LOCAL] CHECK OPTION]\n\nThis statement changes the definition of a view, which must exist. The\nsyntax is similar to that for CREATE VIEW see [HELP CREATE VIEW]). This\nstatement requires the CREATE VIEW and DROP privileges for the view,\nand some privilege for each column referred to in the SELECT statement.\nALTER VIEW is permitted only to the definer or users with the\nSET_USER_ID or SUPER privilege.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/alter-view.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/alter-view.html'),(510,'CREATE DATABASE',33,'Syntax:\nCREATE {DATABASE | SCHEMA} [IF NOT EXISTS] db_name\n    [create_specification] ...\n\ncreate_specification:\n    [DEFAULT] CHARACTER SET [=] charset_name\n  | [DEFAULT] COLLATE [=] collation_name\n  | DEFAULT ENCRYPTION [=] {\'Y\' | \'N\'}\n\nCREATE DATABASE creates a database with the given name. To use this\nstatement, you need the CREATE privilege for the database. CREATE\nSCHEMA is a synonym for CREATE DATABASE.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-database.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-database.html'),(511,'CREATE SCHEMA',33,'Syntax:\nCREATE {DATABASE | SCHEMA} [IF NOT EXISTS] db_name\n    [create_specification] ...\n\ncreate_specification:\n    [DEFAULT] CHARACTER SET [=] charset_name\n  | [DEFAULT] COLLATE [=] collation_name\n  | DEFAULT ENCRYPTION [=] {\'Y\' | \'N\'}\n\nCREATE DATABASE creates a database with the given name. To use this\nstatement, you need the CREATE privilege for the database. CREATE\nSCHEMA is a synonym for CREATE DATABASE.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-database.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-database.html'),(512,'CREATE EVENT',33,'Syntax:\nCREATE\n    [DEFINER = user]\n    EVENT\n    [IF NOT EXISTS]\n    event_name\n    ON SCHEDULE schedule\n    [ON COMPLETION [NOT] PRESERVE]\n    [ENABLE | DISABLE | DISABLE ON SLAVE]\n    [COMMENT \'string\']\n    DO event_body;\n\nschedule:\n    AT timestamp [+ INTERVAL interval] ...\n  | EVERY interval\n    [STARTS timestamp [+ INTERVAL interval] ...]\n    [ENDS timestamp [+ INTERVAL interval] ...]\n\ninterval:\n    quantity {YEAR | QUARTER | MONTH | DAY | HOUR | MINUTE |\n              WEEK | SECOND | YEAR_MONTH | DAY_HOUR | DAY_MINUTE |\n              DAY_SECOND | HOUR_MINUTE | HOUR_SECOND | MINUTE_SECOND}\n\nThis statement creates and schedules a new event. The event will not\nrun unless the Event Scheduler is enabled. For information about\nchecking Event Scheduler status and enabling it if necessary, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/events-configuration.html.\n\nCREATE EVENT requires the EVENT privilege for the schema in which the\nevent is to be created. If the DEFINER clause is present, the\nprivileges required depend on the user value, as discussed in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/stored-objects-security.html.\n\nThe minimum requirements for a valid CREATE EVENT statement are as\nfollows:\n\no The keywords CREATE EVENT plus an event name, which uniquely\n  identifies the event in a database schema.\n\no An ON SCHEDULE clause, which determines when and how often the event\n  executes.\n\no A DO clause, which contains the SQL statement to be executed by an\n  event.\n\nThis is an example of a minimal CREATE EVENT statement:\n\nCREATE EVENT myevent\n    ON SCHEDULE AT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP + INTERVAL 1 HOUR\n    DO\n      UPDATE myschema.mytable SET mycol = mycol + 1;\n\nThe previous statement creates an event named myevent. This event\nexecutes once---one hour following its creation---by running an SQL\nstatement that increments the value of the myschema.mytable table\'s\nmycol column by 1.\n\nThe event_name must be a valid MySQL identifier with a maximum length\nof 64 characters. Event names are not case-sensitive, so you cannot\nhave two events named myevent and MyEvent in the same schema. In\ngeneral, the rules governing event names are the same as those for\nnames of stored routines. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/identifiers.html.\n\nAn event is associated with a schema. If no schema is indicated as part\nof event_name, the default (current) schema is assumed. To create an\nevent in a specific schema, qualify the event name with a schema using\nschema_name.event_name syntax.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-event.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-event.html'),(513,'CREATE INDEX',33,'Syntax:\nCREATE [UNIQUE | FULLTEXT | SPATIAL] INDEX index_name\n    [index_type]\n    ON tbl_name (key_part,...)\n    [index_option]\n    [algorithm_option | lock_option] ...\n\nkey_part: {col_name [(length)] | (expr)} [ASC | DESC]\n\nindex_option:\n    KEY_BLOCK_SIZE [=] value\n  | index_type\n  | WITH PARSER parser_name\n  | COMMENT \'string\'\n  | {VISIBLE | INVISIBLE}\n\nindex_type:\n    USING {BTREE | HASH}\n\nalgorithm_option:\n    ALGORITHM [=] {DEFAULT | INPLACE | COPY}\n\nlock_option:\n    LOCK [=] {DEFAULT | NONE | SHARED | EXCLUSIVE}\n\nNormally, you create all indexes on a table at the time the table\nitself is created with CREATE TABLE. See [HELP CREATE TABLE]. This\nguideline is especially important for InnoDB tables, where the primary\nkey determines the physical layout of rows in the data file. CREATE\nINDEX enables you to add indexes to existing tables.\n\nCREATE INDEX is mapped to an ALTER TABLE statement to create indexes.\nSee [HELP ALTER TABLE]. CREATE INDEX cannot be used to create a PRIMARY\nKEY; use ALTER TABLE instead. For more information about indexes, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/mysql-indexes.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-index.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-index.html'),(514,'CREATE LOGFILE GROUP',33,'Syntax:\nCREATE LOGFILE GROUP logfile_group\n    ADD UNDOFILE \'undo_file\'\n    [INITIAL_SIZE [=] initial_size]\n    [UNDO_BUFFER_SIZE [=] undo_buffer_size]\n    [REDO_BUFFER_SIZE [=] redo_buffer_size]\n    [NODEGROUP [=] nodegroup_id]\n    [WAIT]\n    [COMMENT [=] \'string\']\n    ENGINE [=] engine_name\n\nThis statement creates a new log file group named logfile_group having\na single UNDO file named \'undo_file\'. A CREATE LOGFILE GROUP statement\nhas one and only one ADD UNDOFILE clause. For rules covering the naming\nof log file groups, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/identifiers.html.\n\n*Note*:\n\nAll NDB Cluster Disk Data objects share the same namespace. This means\nthat each Disk Data object must be uniquely named (and not merely each\nDisk Data object of a given type). For example, you cannot have a\ntablespace and a log file group with the same name, or a tablespace and\na data file with the same name.\n\nThere can be only one log file group per NDB Cluster instance at any\ngiven time.\n\nThe optional INITIAL_SIZE parameter sets the UNDO file\'s initial size;\nif not specified, it defaults to 128M (128 megabytes). The optional\nUNDO_BUFFER_SIZE parameter sets the size used by the UNDO buffer for\nthe log file group; The default value for UNDO_BUFFER_SIZE is 8M (eight\nmegabytes); this value cannot exceed the amount of system memory\navailable. Both of these parameters are specified in bytes. You may\noptionally follow either or both of these with a one-letter\nabbreviation for an order of magnitude, similar to those used in\nmy.cnf. Generally, this is one of the letters M (for megabytes) or G\n(for gigabytes).\n\nMemory used for UNDO_BUFFER_SIZE comes from the global pool whose size\nis determined by the value of the SharedGlobalMemory data node\nconfiguration parameter. This includes any default value implied for\nthis option by the setting of the InitialLogFileGroup data node\nconfiguration parameter.\n\nThe maximum permitted for UNDO_BUFFER_SIZE is 629145600 (600 MB).\n\nOn 32-bit systems, the maximum supported value for INITIAL_SIZE is\n4294967296 (4 GB). (Bug #29186)\n\nThe minimum allowed value for INITIAL_SIZE is 1048576 (1 MB).\n\nThe ENGINE option determines the storage engine to be used by this log\nfile group, with engine_name being the name of the storage engine. In\nMySQL 8.0, this must be NDB (or NDBCLUSTER). If ENGINE is not set,\nMySQL tries to use the engine specified by the default_storage_engine\nserver system variable (formerly storage_engine\n(https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-system-variables.html#s\nysvar_storage_engine)). In any case, if the engine is not specified as\nNDB or NDBCLUSTER, the CREATE LOGFILE GROUP statement appears to\nsucceed but actually fails to create the log file group, as shown here:\n\nmysql> CREATE LOGFILE GROUP lg1\n    ->     ADD UNDOFILE \'undo.dat\' INITIAL_SIZE = 10M;\nQuery OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)\n\nmysql> SHOW WARNINGS;\n+-------+------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+\n| Level | Code | Message                                                                                        |\n+-------+------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+\n| Error | 1478 | Table storage engine \'InnoDB\' does not support the create option \'TABLESPACE or LOGFILE GROUP\' |\n+-------+------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+\n1 row in set (0.00 sec)\n\nmysql> DROP LOGFILE GROUP lg1 ENGINE = NDB;            \nERROR 1529 (HY000): Failed to drop LOGFILE GROUP\n\nmysql> CREATE LOGFILE GROUP lg1\n    ->     ADD UNDOFILE \'undo.dat\' INITIAL_SIZE = 10M\n    ->     ENGINE = NDB;\nQuery OK, 0 rows affected (2.97 sec)\n\nThe fact that the CREATE LOGFILE GROUP statement does not actually\nreturn an error when a non-NDB storage engine is named, but rather\nappears to succeed, is a known issue which we hope to address in a\nfuture release of NDB Cluster.\n\nREDO_BUFFER_SIZE, NODEGROUP, WAIT, and COMMENT are parsed but ignored,\nand so have no effect in MySQL 8.0. These options are intended for\nfuture expansion.\n\nWhen used with ENGINE [=] NDB, a log file group and associated UNDO log\nfile are created on each Cluster data node. You can verify that the\nUNDO files were created and obtain information about them by querying\nthe INFORMATION_SCHEMA.FILES table. For example:\n\nmysql> SELECT LOGFILE_GROUP_NAME, LOGFILE_GROUP_NUMBER, EXTRA\n    -> FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.FILES\n    -> WHERE FILE_NAME = \'undo_10.dat\';\n+--------------------+----------------------+----------------+\n| LOGFILE_GROUP_NAME | LOGFILE_GROUP_NUMBER | EXTRA          |\n+--------------------+----------------------+----------------+\n| lg_3               |                   11 | CLUSTER_NODE=3 |\n| lg_3               |                   11 | CLUSTER_NODE=4 |\n+--------------------+----------------------+----------------+\n2 rows in set (0.06 sec)\n\nCREATE LOGFILE GROUP is useful only with Disk Data storage for NDB\nCluster. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/mysql-cluster-disk-data.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-logfile-group.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-logfile-group.html'),(515,'CREATE PROCEDURE',33,'Syntax:\nCREATE\n    [DEFINER = user]\n    PROCEDURE sp_name ([proc_parameter[,...]])\n    [characteristic ...] routine_body\n\nCREATE\n    [DEFINER = user]\n    FUNCTION sp_name ([func_parameter[,...]])\n    RETURNS type\n    [characteristic ...] routine_body\n\nproc_parameter:\n    [ IN | OUT | INOUT ] param_name type\n\nfunc_parameter:\n    param_name type\n\ntype:\n    Any valid MySQL data type\n\ncharacteristic:\n    COMMENT \'string\'\n  | LANGUAGE SQL\n  | [NOT] DETERMINISTIC\n  | { CONTAINS SQL | NO SQL | READS SQL DATA | MODIFIES SQL DATA }\n  | SQL SECURITY { DEFINER | INVOKER }\n\nroutine_body:\n    Valid SQL routine statement\n\nThese statements create stored routines. By default, a routine is\nassociated with the default database. To associate the routine\nexplicitly with a given database, specify the name as db_name.sp_name\nwhen you create it.\n\nThe CREATE FUNCTION statement is also used in MySQL to support UDFs\n(user-defined functions). See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/adding-functions.html. A UDF\ncan be regarded as an external stored function. Stored functions share\ntheir namespace with UDFs. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/function-resolution.html, for\nthe rules describing how the server interprets references to different\nkinds of functions.\n\nTo invoke a stored procedure, use the CALL statement (see [HELP CALL]).\nTo invoke a stored function, refer to it in an expression. The function\nreturns a value during expression evaluation.\n\nCREATE PROCEDURE and CREATE FUNCTION require the CREATE ROUTINE\nprivilege. If the DEFINER clause is present, the privileges required\ndepend on the user value, as discussed in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/stored-objects-security.html.\nIf binary logging is enabled, CREATE FUNCTION might require the SUPER\nprivilege, as discussed in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/stored-programs-logging.html.\n\nBy default, MySQL automatically grants the ALTER ROUTINE and EXECUTE\nprivileges to the routine creator. This behavior can be changed by\ndisabling the automatic_sp_privileges system variable. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/stored-routines-privileges.html\n.\n\nThe DEFINER and SQL SECURITY clauses specify the security context to be\nused when checking access privileges at routine execution time, as\ndescribed later in this section.\n\nIf the routine name is the same as the name of a built-in SQL function,\na syntax error occurs unless you use a space between the name and the\nfollowing parenthesis when defining the routine or invoking it later.\nFor this reason, avoid using the names of existing SQL functions for\nyour own stored routines.\n\nThe IGNORE_SPACE SQL mode applies to built-in functions, not to stored\nroutines. It is always permissible to have spaces after a stored\nroutine name, regardless of whether IGNORE_SPACE is enabled.\n\nThe parameter list enclosed within parentheses must always be present.\nIf there are no parameters, an empty parameter list of () should be\nused. Parameter names are not case sensitive.\n\nEach parameter is an IN parameter by default. To specify otherwise for\na parameter, use the keyword OUT or INOUT before the parameter name.\n\n*Note*:\n\nSpecifying a parameter as IN, OUT, or INOUT is valid only for a\nPROCEDURE. For a FUNCTION, parameters are always regarded as IN\nparameters.\n\nAn IN parameter passes a value into a procedure. The procedure might\nmodify the value, but the modification is not visible to the caller\nwhen the procedure returns. An OUT parameter passes a value from the\nprocedure back to the caller. Its initial value is NULL within the\nprocedure, and its value is visible to the caller when the procedure\nreturns. An INOUT parameter is initialized by the caller, can be\nmodified by the procedure, and any change made by the procedure is\nvisible to the caller when the procedure returns.\n\nFor each OUT or INOUT parameter, pass a user-defined variable in the\nCALL statement that invokes the procedure so that you can obtain its\nvalue when the procedure returns. If you are calling the procedure from\nwithin another stored procedure or function, you can also pass a\nroutine parameter or local routine variable as an OUT or INOUT\nparameter. If you are calling the procedure from within a trigger, you\ncan also pass NEW.col_name as an OUT or INOUT parameter.\n\nFor information about the effect of unhandled conditions on procedure\nparameters, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/conditions-and-parameters.html.\n\nRoutine parameters cannot be referenced in statements prepared within\nthe routine; see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/stored-program-restrictions.htm\nl.\n\nThe following example shows a simple stored procedure that uses an OUT\nparameter:\n\nmysql> delimiter //\n\nmysql> CREATE PROCEDURE simpleproc (OUT param1 INT)\n    -> BEGIN\n    ->   SELECT COUNT(*) INTO param1 FROM t;\n    -> END//\nQuery OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)\n\nmysql> delimiter ;\n\nmysql> CALL simpleproc(@a);\nQuery OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)\n\nmysql> SELECT @a;\n+------+\n| @a   |\n+------+\n| 3    |\n+------+\n1 row in set (0.00 sec)\n\nThe example uses the mysql client delimiter command to change the\nstatement delimiter from ; to // while the procedure is being defined.\nThis enables the ; delimiter used in the procedure body to be passed\nthrough to the server rather than being interpreted by mysql itself.\nSee\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/stored-programs-defining.html.\n\nThe RETURNS clause may be specified only for a FUNCTION, for which it\nis mandatory. It indicates the return type of the function, and the\nfunction body must contain a RETURN value statement. If the RETURN\nstatement returns a value of a different type, the value is coerced to\nthe proper type. For example, if a function specifies an ENUM or SET\nvalue in the RETURNS clause, but the RETURN statement returns an\ninteger, the value returned from the function is the string for the\ncorresponding ENUM member of set of SET members.\n\nThe following example function takes a parameter, performs an operation\nusing an SQL function, and returns the result. In this case, it is\nunnecessary to use delimiter because the function definition contains\nno internal ; statement delimiters:\n\nmysql> CREATE FUNCTION hello (s CHAR(20))\nmysql> RETURNS CHAR(50) DETERMINISTIC\n    -> RETURN CONCAT(\'Hello, \',s,\'!\');\nQuery OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)\n\nmysql> SELECT hello(\'world\');\n+----------------+\n| hello(\'world\') |\n+----------------+\n| Hello, world!  |\n+----------------+\n1 row in set (0.00 sec)\n\nParameter types and function return types can be declared to use any\nvalid data type. The COLLATE attribute can be used if preceded by a\nCHARACTER SET specification.\n\nThe routine_body consists of a valid SQL routine statement. This can be\na simple statement such as SELECT or INSERT, or a compound statement\nwritten using BEGIN and END. Compound statements can contain\ndeclarations, loops, and other control structure statements. The syntax\nfor these statements is described in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/sql-compound-statements.html.\nIn practice, stored functions tend to use compound statements, unless\nthe body consists of a single RETURN statement.\n\nMySQL permits routines to contain DDL statements, such as CREATE and\nDROP. MySQL also permits stored procedures (but not stored functions)\nto contain SQL transaction statements such as COMMIT. Stored functions\nmay not contain statements that perform explicit or implicit commit or\nrollback. Support for these statements is not required by the SQL\nstandard, which states that each DBMS vendor may decide whether to\npermit them.\n\nStatements that return a result set can be used within a stored\nprocedure but not within a stored function. This prohibition includes\nSELECT statements that do not have an INTO var_list clause and other\nstatements such as SHOW, EXPLAIN, and CHECK TABLE. For statements that\ncan be determined at function definition time to return a result set, a\nNot allowed to return a result set from a function error occurs\n(ER_SP_NO_RETSET). For statements that can be determined only at\nruntime to return a result set, a PROCEDURE %s can\'t return a result\nset in the given context error occurs (ER_SP_BADSELECT).\n\nUSE statements within stored routines are not permitted. When a routine\nis invoked, an implicit USE db_name is performed (and undone when the\nroutine terminates). The causes the routine to have the given default\ndatabase while it executes. References to objects in databases other\nthan the routine default database should be qualified with the\nappropriate database name.\n\nFor additional information about statements that are not permitted in\nstored routines, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/stored-program-restrictions.htm\nl.\n\nFor information about invoking stored procedures from within programs\nwritten in a language that has a MySQL interface, see [HELP CALL].\n\nMySQL stores the sql_mode system variable setting in effect when a\nroutine is created or altered, and always executes the routine with\nthis setting in force, regardless of the current server SQL mode when\nthe routine begins executing.\n\nThe switch from the SQL mode of the invoker to that of the routine\noccurs after evaluation of arguments and assignment of the resulting\nvalues to routine parameters. If you define a routine in strict SQL\nmode but invoke it in nonstrict mode, assignment of arguments to\nroutine parameters does not take place in strict mode. If you require\nthat expressions passed to a routine be assigned in strict SQL mode,\nyou should invoke the routine with strict mode in effect.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-procedure.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-procedure.html'),(516,'CREATE FUNCTION',33,'Syntax:\nCREATE\n    [DEFINER = user]\n    PROCEDURE sp_name ([proc_parameter[,...]])\n    [characteristic ...] routine_body\n\nCREATE\n    [DEFINER = user]\n    FUNCTION sp_name ([func_parameter[,...]])\n    RETURNS type\n    [characteristic ...] routine_body\n\nproc_parameter:\n    [ IN | OUT | INOUT ] param_name type\n\nfunc_parameter:\n    param_name type\n\ntype:\n    Any valid MySQL data type\n\ncharacteristic:\n    COMMENT \'string\'\n  | LANGUAGE SQL\n  | [NOT] DETERMINISTIC\n  | { CONTAINS SQL | NO SQL | READS SQL DATA | MODIFIES SQL DATA }\n  | SQL SECURITY { DEFINER | INVOKER }\n\nroutine_body:\n    Valid SQL routine statement\n\nThese statements create stored routines. By default, a routine is\nassociated with the default database. To associate the routine\nexplicitly with a given database, specify the name as db_name.sp_name\nwhen you create it.\n\nThe CREATE FUNCTION statement is also used in MySQL to support UDFs\n(user-defined functions). See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/adding-functions.html. A UDF\ncan be regarded as an external stored function. Stored functions share\ntheir namespace with UDFs. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/function-resolution.html, for\nthe rules describing how the server interprets references to different\nkinds of functions.\n\nTo invoke a stored procedure, use the CALL statement (see [HELP CALL]).\nTo invoke a stored function, refer to it in an expression. The function\nreturns a value during expression evaluation.\n\nCREATE PROCEDURE and CREATE FUNCTION require the CREATE ROUTINE\nprivilege. If the DEFINER clause is present, the privileges required\ndepend on the user value, as discussed in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/stored-objects-security.html.\nIf binary logging is enabled, CREATE FUNCTION might require the SUPER\nprivilege, as discussed in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/stored-programs-logging.html.\n\nBy default, MySQL automatically grants the ALTER ROUTINE and EXECUTE\nprivileges to the routine creator. This behavior can be changed by\ndisabling the automatic_sp_privileges system variable. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/stored-routines-privileges.html\n.\n\nThe DEFINER and SQL SECURITY clauses specify the security context to be\nused when checking access privileges at routine execution time, as\ndescribed later in this section.\n\nIf the routine name is the same as the name of a built-in SQL function,\na syntax error occurs unless you use a space between the name and the\nfollowing parenthesis when defining the routine or invoking it later.\nFor this reason, avoid using the names of existing SQL functions for\nyour own stored routines.\n\nThe IGNORE_SPACE SQL mode applies to built-in functions, not to stored\nroutines. It is always permissible to have spaces after a stored\nroutine name, regardless of whether IGNORE_SPACE is enabled.\n\nThe parameter list enclosed within parentheses must always be present.\nIf there are no parameters, an empty parameter list of () should be\nused. Parameter names are not case sensitive.\n\nEach parameter is an IN parameter by default. To specify otherwise for\na parameter, use the keyword OUT or INOUT before the parameter name.\n\n*Note*:\n\nSpecifying a parameter as IN, OUT, or INOUT is valid only for a\nPROCEDURE. For a FUNCTION, parameters are always regarded as IN\nparameters.\n\nAn IN parameter passes a value into a procedure. The procedure might\nmodify the value, but the modification is not visible to the caller\nwhen the procedure returns. An OUT parameter passes a value from the\nprocedure back to the caller. Its initial value is NULL within the\nprocedure, and its value is visible to the caller when the procedure\nreturns. An INOUT parameter is initialized by the caller, can be\nmodified by the procedure, and any change made by the procedure is\nvisible to the caller when the procedure returns.\n\nFor each OUT or INOUT parameter, pass a user-defined variable in the\nCALL statement that invokes the procedure so that you can obtain its\nvalue when the procedure returns. If you are calling the procedure from\nwithin another stored procedure or function, you can also pass a\nroutine parameter or local routine variable as an OUT or INOUT\nparameter. If you are calling the procedure from within a trigger, you\ncan also pass NEW.col_name as an OUT or INOUT parameter.\n\nFor information about the effect of unhandled conditions on procedure\nparameters, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/conditions-and-parameters.html.\n\nRoutine parameters cannot be referenced in statements prepared within\nthe routine; see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/stored-program-restrictions.htm\nl.\n\nThe following example shows a simple stored procedure that uses an OUT\nparameter:\n\nmysql> delimiter //\n\nmysql> CREATE PROCEDURE simpleproc (OUT param1 INT)\n    -> BEGIN\n    ->   SELECT COUNT(*) INTO param1 FROM t;\n    -> END//\nQuery OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)\n\nmysql> delimiter ;\n\nmysql> CALL simpleproc(@a);\nQuery OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)\n\nmysql> SELECT @a;\n+------+\n| @a   |\n+------+\n| 3    |\n+------+\n1 row in set (0.00 sec)\n\nThe example uses the mysql client delimiter command to change the\nstatement delimiter from ; to // while the procedure is being defined.\nThis enables the ; delimiter used in the procedure body to be passed\nthrough to the server rather than being interpreted by mysql itself.\nSee\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/stored-programs-defining.html.\n\nThe RETURNS clause may be specified only for a FUNCTION, for which it\nis mandatory. It indicates the return type of the function, and the\nfunction body must contain a RETURN value statement. If the RETURN\nstatement returns a value of a different type, the value is coerced to\nthe proper type. For example, if a function specifies an ENUM or SET\nvalue in the RETURNS clause, but the RETURN statement returns an\ninteger, the value returned from the function is the string for the\ncorresponding ENUM member of set of SET members.\n\nThe following example function takes a parameter, performs an operation\nusing an SQL function, and returns the result. In this case, it is\nunnecessary to use delimiter because the function definition contains\nno internal ; statement delimiters:\n\nmysql> CREATE FUNCTION hello (s CHAR(20))\nmysql> RETURNS CHAR(50) DETERMINISTIC\n    -> RETURN CONCAT(\'Hello, \',s,\'!\');\nQuery OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)\n\nmysql> SELECT hello(\'world\');\n+----------------+\n| hello(\'world\') |\n+----------------+\n| Hello, world!  |\n+----------------+\n1 row in set (0.00 sec)\n\nParameter types and function return types can be declared to use any\nvalid data type. The COLLATE attribute can be used if preceded by a\nCHARACTER SET specification.\n\nThe routine_body consists of a valid SQL routine statement. This can be\na simple statement such as SELECT or INSERT, or a compound statement\nwritten using BEGIN and END. Compound statements can contain\ndeclarations, loops, and other control structure statements. The syntax\nfor these statements is described in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/sql-compound-statements.html.\nIn practice, stored functions tend to use compound statements, unless\nthe body consists of a single RETURN statement.\n\nMySQL permits routines to contain DDL statements, such as CREATE and\nDROP. MySQL also permits stored procedures (but not stored functions)\nto contain SQL transaction statements such as COMMIT. Stored functions\nmay not contain statements that perform explicit or implicit commit or\nrollback. Support for these statements is not required by the SQL\nstandard, which states that each DBMS vendor may decide whether to\npermit them.\n\nStatements that return a result set can be used within a stored\nprocedure but not within a stored function. This prohibition includes\nSELECT statements that do not have an INTO var_list clause and other\nstatements such as SHOW, EXPLAIN, and CHECK TABLE. For statements that\ncan be determined at function definition time to return a result set, a\nNot allowed to return a result set from a function error occurs\n(ER_SP_NO_RETSET). For statements that can be determined only at\nruntime to return a result set, a PROCEDURE %s can\'t return a result\nset in the given context error occurs (ER_SP_BADSELECT).\n\nUSE statements within stored routines are not permitted. When a routine\nis invoked, an implicit USE db_name is performed (and undone when the\nroutine terminates). The causes the routine to have the given default\ndatabase while it executes. References to objects in databases other\nthan the routine default database should be qualified with the\nappropriate database name.\n\nFor additional information about statements that are not permitted in\nstored routines, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/stored-program-restrictions.htm\nl.\n\nFor information about invoking stored procedures from within programs\nwritten in a language that has a MySQL interface, see [HELP CALL].\n\nMySQL stores the sql_mode system variable setting in effect when a\nroutine is created or altered, and always executes the routine with\nthis setting in force, regardless of the current server SQL mode when\nthe routine begins executing.\n\nThe switch from the SQL mode of the invoker to that of the routine\noccurs after evaluation of arguments and assignment of the resulting\nvalues to routine parameters. If you define a routine in strict SQL\nmode but invoke it in nonstrict mode, assignment of arguments to\nroutine parameters does not take place in strict mode. If you require\nthat expressions passed to a routine be assigned in strict SQL mode,\nyou should invoke the routine with strict mode in effect.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-procedure.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-procedure.html'),(517,'CREATE SERVER',33,'Syntax:\nCREATE SERVER server_name\n    FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER wrapper_name\n    OPTIONS (option [, option] ...)\n\noption:\n  { HOST character-literal\n  | DATABASE character-literal\n  | USER character-literal\n  | PASSWORD character-literal\n  | SOCKET character-literal\n  | OWNER character-literal\n  | PORT numeric-literal }\n\nThis statement creates the definition of a server for use with the\nFEDERATED storage engine. The CREATE SERVER statement creates a new row\nin the servers table in the mysql database. This statement requires the\nSUPER privilege.\n\nThe server_name should be a unique reference to the server. Server\ndefinitions are global within the scope of the server, it is not\npossible to qualify the server definition to a specific database.\nserver_name has a maximum length of 64 characters (names longer than 64\ncharacters are silently truncated), and is case insensitive. You may\nspecify the name as a quoted string.\n\nThe wrapper_name is an identifier and may be quoted with single\nquotation marks.\n\nFor each option you must specify either a character literal or numeric\nliteral. Character literals are UTF-8, support a maximum length of 64\ncharacters and default to a blank (empty) string. String literals are\nsilently truncated to 64 characters. Numeric literals must be a number\nbetween 0 and 9999, default value is 0.\n\n*Note*:\n\nThe OWNER option is currently not applied, and has no effect on the\nownership or operation of the server connection that is created.\n\nThe CREATE SERVER statement creates an entry in the mysql.servers table\nthat can later be used with the CREATE TABLE statement when creating a\nFEDERATED table. The options that you specify will be used to populate\nthe columns in the mysql.servers table. The table columns are\nServer_name, Host, Db, Username, Password, Port and Socket.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-server.html\n\n','CREATE SERVER s\nFOREIGN DATA WRAPPER mysql\nOPTIONS (USER \'Remote\', HOST \'198.51.100.106\', DATABASE \'test\');\n','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-server.html'),(518,'CREATE SPATIAL REFERENCE SYSTEM',33,'Syntax:\nCREATE OR REPLACE SPATIAL REFERENCE SYSTEM\n    srid srs_attribute ...\n\nCREATE SPATIAL REFERENCE SYSTEM\n    [IF NOT EXISTS]\n    srid srs_attribute ...\n\nsrs_attribute: {\n    NAME \'srs_name\'\n  | DEFINITION \'definition\'\n  | ORGANIZATION \'org_name\' IDENTIFIED BY org_id\n  | DESCRIPTION \'description\'\n}\n\nsrid, org_id: 32-bit unsigned integer\n\nThis statement creates a spatial reference system (SRS) definition and\nstores it in the data dictionary. The definition can be inspected using\nthe INFORMATION_SCHEMA ST_SPATIAL_REFERENCE_SYSTEMS table. This\nstatement requires the SUPER privilege.\n\nIf neither OR REPLACE nor IF NOT EXISTS is specified, an error occurs\nif an SRS definition with the SRID value already exists.\n\nWith CREATE OR REPLACE syntax, any existing SRS definition with the\nsame SRID value is replaced, unless the SRID value is used by some\ncolumn in an existing table. In that case, an error occurs. For\nexample:\n\nmysql> CREATE OR REPLACE SPATIAL REFERENCE SYSTEM 4326 ...;\nERROR 3716 (SR005): Can\'t modify SRID 4326. There is at\nleast one column depending on it.\n\nTo identify which column or columns use the SRID, use this query:\n\nSELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.ST_GEOMETRY_COLUMNS WHERE SRS_ID=4326;\n\nWith CREATE ... IF NOT EXISTS syntax, any existing SRS definition with\nthe same SRID value causes the new definition to be ignored and a\nwarning occurs.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-spatial-reference-system.html\n\n','CREATE SPATIAL REFERENCE SYSTEM 4120\nNAME \'Greek\'\nORGANIZATION \'EPSG\' IDENTIFIED BY 4120\nDEFINITION\n  \'GEOGCS[\"Greek\",DATUM[\"Greek\",SPHEROID[\"Bessel 1841\",\n  6377397.155,299.1528128,AUTHORITY[\"EPSG\",\"7004\"]],\n  AUTHORITY[\"EPSG\",\"6120\"]],PRIMEM[\"Greenwich\",0,\n  AUTHORITY[\"EPSG\",\"8901\"]],UNIT[\"degree\",0.017453292519943278,\n  AUTHORITY[\"EPSG\",\"9122\"]],AXIS[\"Lat\",NORTH],AXIS[\"Lon\",EAST],\n  AUTHORITY[\"EPSG\",\"4120\"]]\';\n','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-spatial-reference-system.html'),(519,'CREATE TABLE',33,'Syntax:\nCREATE [TEMPORARY] TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] tbl_name\n    (create_definition,...)\n    [table_options]\n    [partition_options]\n\nCREATE [TEMPORARY] TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] tbl_name\n    [(create_definition,...)]\n    [table_options]\n    [partition_options]\n    [IGNORE | REPLACE]\n    [AS] query_expression\n\nCREATE [TEMPORARY] TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] tbl_name\n    { LIKE old_tbl_name | (LIKE old_tbl_name) }\n\ncreate_definition:\n    col_name column_definition\n  | {INDEX|KEY} [index_name] [index_type] (key_part,...)\n      [index_option] ...\n  | {FULLTEXT|SPATIAL} [INDEX|KEY] [index_name] (key_part,...)\n      [index_option] ...\n  | [CONSTRAINT [symbol]] PRIMARY KEY\n      [index_type] (key_part,...)\n      [index_option] ...\n  | [CONSTRAINT [symbol]] UNIQUE [INDEX|KEY]\n      [index_name] [index_type] (key_part,...)\n      [index_option] ...\n  | [CONSTRAINT [symbol]] FOREIGN KEY\n      [index_name] (col_name,...)\n      reference_definition\n  | check_constraint_definition\n\ncolumn_definition:\n    data_type [NOT NULL | NULL] [DEFAULT {literal | (expr)} ]\n      [AUTO_INCREMENT] [UNIQUE [KEY]] [[PRIMARY] KEY]\n      [COMMENT \'string\']\n      [COLLATE collation_name]\n      [COLUMN_FORMAT {FIXED|DYNAMIC|DEFAULT}]\n      [STORAGE {DISK|MEMORY}]\n      [reference_definition]\n      [check_constraint_definition]\n  | data_type\n      [COLLATE collation_name]\n      [GENERATED ALWAYS] AS (expr)\n      [VIRTUAL | STORED] [NOT NULL | NULL]\n      [UNIQUE [KEY]] [[PRIMARY] KEY]\n      [COMMENT \'string\']\n      [reference_definition]\n      [check_constraint_definition]\n\ndata_type:\n    (see https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/data-types.html)\n\nkey_part: {col_name [(length)] | (expr)} [ASC | DESC]\n\nindex_type:\n    USING {BTREE | HASH}\n\nindex_option:\n    KEY_BLOCK_SIZE [=] value\n  | index_type\n  | WITH PARSER parser_name\n  | COMMENT \'string\'\n  | {VISIBLE | INVISIBLE}\n\ncheck_constraint_definition:\n    [CONSTRAINT [symbol]] CHECK (expr) [[NOT] ENFORCED]\n\nreference_definition:\n    REFERENCES tbl_name (key_part,...)\n      [MATCH FULL | MATCH PARTIAL | MATCH SIMPLE]\n      [ON DELETE reference_option]\n      [ON UPDATE reference_option]\n\nreference_option:\n    RESTRICT | CASCADE | SET NULL | NO ACTION | SET DEFAULT\n\ntable_options:\n    table_option [[,] table_option] ...\n\ntable_option:\n    AUTO_INCREMENT [=] value\n  | AVG_ROW_LENGTH [=] value\n  | [DEFAULT] CHARACTER SET [=] charset_name\n  | CHECKSUM [=] {0 | 1}\n  | [DEFAULT] COLLATE [=] collation_name\n  | COMMENT [=] \'string\'\n  | COMPRESSION [=] {\'ZLIB\'|\'LZ4\'|\'NONE\'}\n  | CONNECTION [=] \'connect_string\'\n  | {DATA|INDEX} DIRECTORY [=] \'absolute path to directory\'\n  | DELAY_KEY_WRITE [=] {0 | 1}\n  | ENCRYPTION [=] {\'Y\' | \'N\'}\n  | ENGINE [=] engine_name\n  | INSERT_METHOD [=] { NO | FIRST | LAST }\n  | KEY_BLOCK_SIZE [=] value\n  | MAX_ROWS [=] value\n  | MIN_ROWS [=] value\n  | PACK_KEYS [=] {0 | 1 | DEFAULT}\n  | PASSWORD [=] \'string\'\n  | ROW_FORMAT [=] {DEFAULT|DYNAMIC|FIXED|COMPRESSED|REDUNDANT|COMPACT}\n  | STATS_AUTO_RECALC [=] {DEFAULT|0|1}\n  | STATS_PERSISTENT [=] {DEFAULT|0|1}\n  | STATS_SAMPLE_PAGES [=] value\n  | TABLESPACE tablespace_name [STORAGE {DISK|MEMORY}]\n  | UNION [=] (tbl_name[,tbl_name]...)\n\npartition_options:\n    PARTITION BY\n        { [LINEAR] HASH(expr)\n        | [LINEAR] KEY [ALGORITHM={1|2}] (column_list)\n        | RANGE{(expr) | COLUMNS(column_list)}\n        | LIST{(expr) | COLUMNS(column_list)} }\n    [PARTITIONS num]\n    [SUBPARTITION BY\n        { [LINEAR] HASH(expr)\n        | [LINEAR] KEY [ALGORITHM={1|2}] (column_list) }\n      [SUBPARTITIONS num]\n    ]\n    [(partition_definition [, partition_definition] ...)]\n\npartition_definition:\n    PARTITION partition_name\n        [VALUES\n            {LESS THAN {(expr | value_list) | MAXVALUE}\n            |\n            IN (value_list)}]\n        [[STORAGE] ENGINE [=] engine_name]\n        [COMMENT [=] \'string\' ]\n        [DATA DIRECTORY [=] \'data_dir\']\n        [INDEX DIRECTORY [=] \'index_dir\']\n        [MAX_ROWS [=] max_number_of_rows]\n        [MIN_ROWS [=] min_number_of_rows]\n        [TABLESPACE [=] tablespace_name]\n        [(subpartition_definition [, subpartition_definition] ...)]\n\nsubpartition_definition:\n    SUBPARTITION logical_name\n        [[STORAGE] ENGINE [=] engine_name]\n        [COMMENT [=] \'string\' ]\n        [DATA DIRECTORY [=] \'data_dir\']\n        [INDEX DIRECTORY [=] \'index_dir\']\n        [MAX_ROWS [=] max_number_of_rows]\n        [MIN_ROWS [=] min_number_of_rows]\n        [TABLESPACE [=] tablespace_name]\n\nquery_expression:\n    SELECT ...   (Some valid select or union statement)\n\nCREATE TABLE creates a table with the given name. You must have the\nCREATE privilege for the table.\n\nBy default, tables are created in the default database, using the\nInnoDB storage engine. An error occurs if the table exists, if there is\nno default database, or if the database does not exist.\n\nMySQL has no limit on the number of tables. The underlying file system\nmay have a limit on the number of files that represent tables.\nIndividual storage engines may impose engine-specific constraints.\nInnoDB permits up to 4 billion tables.\n\nFor information about the physical representation of a table, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-table-files.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-table.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-table.html'),(520,'FOREIGN KEY',33,'MySQL supports foreign keys, which permit cross-referencing related\ndata across tables, and foreign key constraints, which help keep the\nrelated data consistent.\n\nA foreign key relationship involves a parent table that holds the\ninitial column values, and a child table with column values that\nreference the parent column values. A foreign key constraint is defined\non the child table.\n\nThe essential syntax for a defining a foreign key constraint in a\nCREATE TABLE or ALTER TABLE statement includes the following:\n\n[CONSTRAINT [symbol]] FOREIGN KEY\n    [index_name] (col_name, ...)\n    REFERENCES tbl_name (col_name,...)\n    [ON DELETE reference_option]\n    [ON UPDATE reference_option]\n\nreference_option:\n    RESTRICT | CASCADE | SET NULL | NO ACTION | SET DEFAULT\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-table-foreign-keys.html\n\n','CREATE TABLE product (\n    category INT NOT NULL, id INT NOT NULL,\n    price DECIMAL,\n    PRIMARY KEY(category, id)\n)   ENGINE=INNODB;\n\nCREATE TABLE customer (\n    id INT NOT NULL,\n    PRIMARY KEY (id)\n)   ENGINE=INNODB;\n\nCREATE TABLE product_order (\n    no INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,\n    product_category INT NOT NULL,\n    product_id INT NOT NULL,\n    customer_id INT NOT NULL,\n\n    PRIMARY KEY(no),\n    INDEX (product_category, product_id),\n    INDEX (customer_id),\n\n    FOREIGN KEY (product_category, product_id)\n      REFERENCES product(category, id)\n      ON UPDATE CASCADE ON DELETE RESTRICT,\n\n    FOREIGN KEY (customer_id)\n      REFERENCES customer(id)\n)   ENGINE=INNODB;\n','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-table-foreign-keys.html'),(521,'CREATE TABLESPACE',33,'Syntax:\nCREATE [UNDO] TABLESPACE tablespace_name\n\n  InnoDB and NDB:\n    [ADD DATAFILE \'file_name\']\n\n  InnoDB only:\n    [FILE_BLOCK_SIZE = value]\n    [ENCRYPTION [=] {\'Y\' | \'N\'}]\n\n  NDB only:\n    USE LOGFILE GROUP logfile_group\n    [EXTENT_SIZE [=] extent_size]\n    [INITIAL_SIZE [=] initial_size]\n    [AUTOEXTEND_SIZE [=] autoextend_size]\n    [MAX_SIZE [=] max_size]\n    [NODEGROUP [=] nodegroup_id]\n    [WAIT]\n    [COMMENT [=] \'string\']\n\n  InnoDB and NDB:\n    [ENGINE [=] engine_name]\n\nThis statement is used to create a tablespace. The precise syntax and\nsemantics depend on the storage engine used. In standard MySQL\nreleases, this is always an InnoDB tablespace. MySQL NDB Cluster also\nsupports tablespaces using the NDB storage engine.\n\no https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-tablespace.html#create\n  -tablespace-innodb\n\no https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-tablespace.html#create\n  -tablespace-ndb\n\no https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-tablespace.html#create\n  -tablespace-options\n\no https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-tablespace.html#create\n  -tablespace-notes\n\no https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-tablespace.html#create\n  -tablespace-innodb-examples\n\no https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-tablespace.html#create\n  -tablespace-ndb-examples\n\nConsiderations for InnoDB\n\nCREATE TABLESPACE syntax is used to create general tablespaces or undo\ntablespaces. The UNDO keyword, introduced in MySQL 8.0.14, must be\nspecified to create an undo tablespace.\n\nA general tablespace is a shared tablespace. It can hold multiple\ntables, and supports all table row formats. General tablespaces can be\ncreated in a location relative to or independent of the data directory.\n\nAfter creating an InnoDB general tablespace, use CREATE TABLE tbl_name\n... TABLESPACE [=] tablespace_name or ALTER TABLE tbl_name TABLESPACE\n[=] tablespace_name to add tables to the tablespace. For more\ninformation, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/general-tablespaces.html.\n\nUndo tablespaces contain undo logs. Undo tablespaces can be created in\na chosen location by specifying a fully qualified data file path. For\nmore information, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/innodb-undo-tablespaces.html.\n\nConsiderations for NDB Cluster\n\nThis statement is used to create a tablespace, which can contain one or\nmore data files, providing storage space for NDB Cluster Disk Data\ntables (see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/mysql-cluster-disk-data.html).\nOne data file is created and added to the tablespace using this\nstatement. Additional data files may be added to the tablespace by\nusing the ALTER TABLESPACE statement (see [HELP ALTER TABLESPACE]).\n\n*Note*:\n\nAll NDB Cluster Disk Data objects share the same namespace. This means\nthat each Disk Data object must be uniquely named (and not merely each\nDisk Data object of a given type). For example, you cannot have a\ntablespace and a log file group with the same name, or a tablespace and\na data file with the same name.\n\nA log file group of one or more UNDO log files must be assigned to the\ntablespace to be created with the USE LOGFILE GROUP clause.\nlogfile_group must be an existing log file group created with CREATE\nLOGFILE GROUP (see [HELP CREATE LOGFILE GROUP]). Multiple tablespaces\nmay use the same log file group for UNDO logging.\n\nWhen setting EXTENT_SIZE or INITIAL_SIZE, you may optionally follow the\nnumber with a one-letter abbreviation for an order of magnitude,\nsimilar to those used in my.cnf. Generally, this is one of the letters\nM (for megabytes) or G (for gigabytes).\n\nINITIAL_SIZE and EXTENT_SIZE are subject to rounding as follows:\n\no EXTENT_SIZE is rounded up to the nearest whole multiple of 32K.\n\no INITIAL_SIZE is rounded down to the nearest whole multiple of 32K;\n  this result is rounded up to the nearest whole multiple of\n  EXTENT_SIZE (after any rounding).\n\nThe rounding just described is done explicitly, and a warning is issued\nby the MySQL Server when any such rounding is performed. The rounded\nvalues are also used by the NDB kernel for calculating\nINFORMATION_SCHEMA.FILES column values and other purposes. However, to\navoid an unexpected result, we suggest that you always use whole\nmultiples of 32K in specifying these options.\n\nWhen CREATE TABLESPACE is used with ENGINE [=] NDB, a tablespace and\nassociated data file are created on each Cluster data node. You can\nverify that the data files were created and obtain information about\nthem by querying the INFORMATION_SCHEMA.FILES table. (See the example\nlater in this section.)\n\n(See https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/files-table.html.)\n\nOptions\n\no ADD DATAFILE: Defines the name of a tablespace data file. The ADD\n  DATAFILE clause is required when creating undo tablespaces.\n  Otherwise, it is optional as of MySQL 8.0.14.\n\n  An InnoDB tablespace supports only a single data file, whose name\n  must include a .ibd extension. An NDB Cluster tablespace supports\n  multiple data files which can have any legal file names; more data\n  files can be added to an NDB Cluster tablespace following its\n  creation by using an ALTER TABLESPACE statement.\n\n  To place a general tablespace data file in a location outside of the\n  data directory, include a fully qualified path or a path relative to\n  the data directory. Only a fully qualified path is permitted for undo\n  tablespaces. If you do not specify a path, a general tablespace is\n  created in the data directory. An undo tablespace created without\n  specifying a path is created in the directory defined by the\n  innodb_undo_directory variable. If the innodb_undo_directory variable\n  is undefined, undo tablespaces are created in the data directory.\n\n  Creating a general tablespace in a subdirectory under the data\n  directory is not supported to avoid conflicts with implicitly created\n  file-per-table tablespaces. When creating a general tablespace or\n  undo tablespace outside of the data directory, the directory must\n  exist and must be known to InnoDB prior to creating the tablespace.\n  To make a directory known to InnoDB, add it to the innodb_directories\n  value or to one of the variables whose values are appended to the\n  innodb_directories value. innodb_directories is a read-only variable.\n  Configuring it requires restarting the server.\n\n  The file_name, including any specified path, must be quoted with\n  single or double quotations marks. File names (not counting the file\n  extension) and directory names must be at least one byte in length.\n  Zero length file names and directory names are not supported.\n\n  If the ADD DATAFILE clause is not specified when creating a\n  tablespace, a tablespace data file with a unique file name is created\n  implicitly. The unique file name is a 128 bit UUID formatted into\n  five groups of hexadecimal numbers separated by dashes\n  (aaaaaaaa-bbbb-cccc-dddd-eeeeeeeeeeee). A file extension is added if\n  required by the storage engine. An .ibd file extension is added for\n  InnoDB general tablespace data files. In a replication environment,\n  the data file name created on the master is not the same as the data\n  file name created on the slave.\n\n  As of MySQL 8.0.17, the ADD DATAFILE clause does not permit circular\n  directory references when creating an InnoDB tablespace. For example,\n  the circular directory reference (/../) in the following statement is\n  not permitted:\n\nCREATE TABLESPACE ts1 ADD DATAFILE ts1.ibd \'any_directory/../ts1.ibd\';\n\n  An exception to this restriction exists on Linux, where a circular\n  directory reference is permitted if the preceding directory is a\n  symbolic link. For example, the data file path in the example above\n  is permitted if any_directory is a symbolic link. (It is still\n  permitted for data file paths to begin with \'../\'.)\n\no FILE_BLOCK_SIZE: This option---which is specific to InnoDB general\n  tablespaces, and is ignored by NDB---defines the block size for the\n  tablespace data file. Values can be specified in bytes or kilobytes.\n  For example, an 8 kilobyte file block size can be specified as 8192\n  or 8K. If you do not specify this option, FILE_BLOCK_SIZE defaults to\n  the innodb_page_size value. FILE_BLOCK_SIZE is required when you\n  intend to use the tablespace for storing compressed InnoDB tables\n  (ROW_FORMAT=COMPRESSED). In this case, you must define the tablespace\n  FILE_BLOCK_SIZE when creating the tablespace.\n\n  If FILE_BLOCK_SIZE is equal the innodb_page_size value, the\n  tablespace can contain only tables having an uncompressed row format\n  (COMPACT, REDUNDANT, and DYNAMIC). Tables with a COMPRESSED row\n  format have a different physical page size than uncompressed tables.\n  Therefore, compressed tables cannot coexist in the same tablespace as\n  uncompressed tables.\n\n  For a general tablespace to contain compressed tables,\n  FILE_BLOCK_SIZE must be specified, and the FILE_BLOCK_SIZE value must\n  be a valid compressed page size in relation to the innodb_page_size\n  value. Also, the physical page size of the compressed table\n  (KEY_BLOCK_SIZE) must be equal to FILE_BLOCK_SIZE/1024. For example,\n  if innodb_page_size=16K, and FILE_BLOCK_SIZE=8K, the KEY_BLOCK_SIZE\n  of the table must be 8. For more information, see\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/general-tablespaces.html.\n\no USE LOGFILE GROUP: Required for NDB, this is the name of a log file\n  group previously created using CREATE LOGFILE GROUP. Not supported\n  for InnoDB, where it fails with an error.\n\no EXTENT_SIZE: This option is specific to NDB, and is not supported by\n  InnoDB, where it fails with an error. EXTENT_SIZE sets the size, in\n  bytes, of the extents used by any files belonging to the tablespace.\n  The default value is 1M. The minimum size is 32K, and theoretical\n  maximum is 2G, although the practical maximum size depends on a\n  number of factors. In most cases, changing the extent size does not\n  have any measurable effect on performance, and the default value is\n  recommended for all but the most unusual situations.\n\n  An extent is a unit of disk space allocation. One extent is filled\n  with as much data as that extent can contain before another extent is\n  used. In theory, up to 65,535 (64K) extents may used per data file;\n  however, the recommended maximum is 32,768 (32K). The recommended\n  maximum size for a single data file is 32G---that is, 32K extents x 1\n  MB per extent. In addition, once an extent is allocated to a given\n  partition, it cannot be used to store data from a different\n  partition; an extent cannot store data from more than one partition.\n  This means, for example that a tablespace having a single datafile\n  whose INITIAL_SIZE (described in the following item) is 256 MB and\n  whose EXTENT_SIZE is 128M has just two extents, and so can be used to\n  store data from at most two different disk data table partitions.\n\n  You can see how many extents remain free in a given data file by\n  querying the INFORMATION_SCHEMA.FILES table, and so derive an\n  estimate for how much space remains free in the file. For further\n  discussion and examples, see\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/files-table.html.\n\no INITIAL_SIZE: This option is specific to NDB, and is not supported by\n  InnoDB, where it fails with an error.\n\n  The INITIAL_SIZE parameter sets the total size in bytes of the data\n  file that was specific using ADD DATATFILE. Once this file has been\n  created, its size cannot be changed; however, you can add more data\n  files to the tablespace using ALTER TABLESPACE ... ADD DATAFILE.\n\n  INITIAL_SIZE is optional; its default value is 134217728 (128 MB).\n\n  On 32-bit systems, the maximum supported value for INITIAL_SIZE is\n  4294967296 (4 GB).\n\no AUTOEXTEND_SIZE: Currently ignored by MySQL; reserved for possible\n  future use. Has no effect in any release of MySQL 8.0 or MySQL NDB\n  Cluster 8.0, regardless of the storage engine used.\n\no MAX_SIZE: Currently ignored by MySQL; reserved for possible future\n  use. Has no effect in any release of MySQL 8.0 or MySQL NDB Cluster\n  8.0, regardless of the storage engine used.\n\no NODEGROUP: Currently ignored by MySQL; reserved for possible future\n  use. Has no effect in any release of MySQL 8.0 or MySQL NDB Cluster\n  8.0, regardless of the storage engine used.\n\no WAIT: Currently ignored by MySQL; reserved for possible future use.\n  Has no effect in any release of MySQL 8.0 or MySQL NDB Cluster 8.0,\n  regardless of the storage engine used.\n\no COMMENT: Currently ignored by MySQL; reserved for possible future\n  use. Has no effect in any release of MySQL 8.0 or MySQL NDB Cluster\n  8.0, regardless of the storage engine used.\n\no The ENCRYPTION clause enables or disables page-level data encryption\n  for an InnoDB general tablespace. Encryption support for general\n  tablespaces was introduced in MySQL 8.0.13.\n\n  As of MySQL 8.0.16, if the ENCRYPTION clause is not specified, the\n  default_table_encryption setting controls whether encryption is\n  enabled. The ENCRYPTION clause overrides the default_table_encryption\n  setting. However, if the table_encryption_privilege_check variable is\n  enabled, the TABLE_ENCRYPTION_ADMIN privilege is required to use an\n  ENCRYPTION clause setting that differs from the\n  default_table_encryption setting.\n\n  A keyring plugin must be installed and configured before an\n  encryption-enabled tablespace can be created.\n\n  When a general tablespace is encrypted, all tables residing in the\n  tablespace are encrypted. Likewise, a table created in an encrypted\n  tablespace is encrypted.\n\n  For more information, see\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/innodb-data-encryption.html\n\no ENGINE: Defines the storage engine which uses the tablespace, where\n  engine_name is the name of the storage engine. Currently, only the\n  InnoDB storage engine is supported by standard MySQL 8.0 releases.\n  MySQL NDB Cluster supports both NDB and InnoDB tablespaces. The value\n  of the default_storage_engine system variable is used for ENGINE if\n  the option is not specified.\n\nNotes\n\no For the rules covering the naming of MySQL tablespaces, see\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/identifiers.html. In addition\n  to these rules, the slash character (\"/\") is not permitted, nor can\n  you use names beginning with innodb_, as this prefix is reserved for\n  system use.\n\no Creation of temporary general tablespaces is not supported.\n\no General tablespaces do not support temporary tables.\n\no The TABLESPACE option may be used with CREATE TABLE or ALTER TABLE to\n  assign an InnoDB table partition or subpartition to a file-per-table\n  tablespace. All partitions must belong to the same storage engine.\n  Assigning table partitions to shared InnoDB tablespaces is not\n  supported. Shared tablespaces include the InnoDB system tablespace\n  and general tablespaces.\n\no General tablespaces support the addition of tables of any row format\n  using CREATE TABLE ... TABLESPACE. innodb_file_per_table does not\n  need to be enabled.\n\no innodb_strict_mode is not applicable to general tablespaces.\n  Tablespace management rules are strictly enforced independently of\n  innodb_strict_mode. If CREATE TABLESPACE parameters are incorrect or\n  incompatible, the operation fails regardless of the\n  innodb_strict_mode setting. When a table is added to a general\n  tablespace using CREATE TABLE ... TABLESPACE or ALTER TABLE ...\n  TABLESPACE, innodb_strict_mode is ignored but the statement is\n  evaluated as if innodb_strict_mode is enabled.\n\no Use DROP TABLESPACE to remove a tablespace. All tables must be\n  dropped from a tablespace using DROP TABLE prior to dropping the\n  tablespace. Before dropping an NDB Cluster tablespace you must also\n  remove all its data files using one or more ALTER TABLESPACE ... DROP\n  DATATFILE statements. See\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/mysql-cluster-disk-data-objec\n  ts.html.\n\no All parts of an InnoDB table added to an InnoDB general tablespace\n  reside in the general tablespace, including indexes and BLOB pages.\n\n  For an NDB table assigned to a tablespace, only those columns which\n  are not indexed are stored on disk, and actually use the tablespace\n  data files. Indexes and indexed columns for all NDB tables are always\n  kept in memory.\n\no Similar to the system tablespace, truncating or dropping tables\n  stored in a general tablespace creates free space internally in the\n  general tablespace .ibd data file which can only be used for new\n  InnoDB data. Space is not released back to the operating system as it\n  is for file-per-table tablespaces.\n\no A general tablespace is not associated with any database or schema.\n\no ALTER TABLE ... DISCARD TABLESPACE and ALTER TABLE ...IMPORT\n  TABLESPACE are not supported for tables that belong to a general\n  tablespace.\n\no The server uses tablespace-level metadata locking for DDL that\n  references general tablespaces. By comparison, the server uses\n  table-level metadata locking for DDL that references file-per-table\n  tablespaces.\n\no A generated or existing tablespace cannot be changed to a general\n  tablespace.\n\no There is no conflict between general tablespace names and\n  file-per-table tablespace names. The \"/\" character, which is present\n  in file-per-table tablespace names, is not permitted in general\n  tablespace names.\n\no mysqldump and mysqlpump do not dump InnoDB CREATE TABLESPACE\n  statements.\n\nInnoDB Examples\n\nThis example demonstrates creating a general tablespace and adding\nthree uncompressed tables of different row formats.\n\nmysql> CREATE TABLESPACE `ts1` ADD DATAFILE \'ts1.ibd\' ENGINE=INNODB;\n\nmysql> CREATE TABLE t1 (c1 INT PRIMARY KEY) TABLESPACE ts1 ROW_FORMAT=REDUNDANT;\n\nmysql> CREATE TABLE t2 (c1 INT PRIMARY KEY) TABLESPACE ts1 ROW_FORMAT=COMPACT;\n\nmysql> CREATE TABLE t3 (c1 INT PRIMARY KEY) TABLESPACE ts1 ROW_FORMAT=DYNAMIC;\n\nThis example demonstrates creating a general tablespace and adding a\ncompressed table. The example assumes a default innodb_page_size value\nof 16K. The FILE_BLOCK_SIZE of 8192 requires that the compressed table\nhave a KEY_BLOCK_SIZE of 8.\n\nmysql> CREATE TABLESPACE `ts2` ADD DATAFILE \'ts2.ibd\' FILE_BLOCK_SIZE = 8192 Engine=InnoDB;\n\nmysql> CREATE TABLE t4 (c1 INT PRIMARY KEY) TABLESPACE ts2 ROW_FORMAT=COMPRESSED KEY_BLOCK_SIZE=8;\n\nThis example demonstrates creating a general tablespace without\nspecifying the ADD DATAFILE clause, which is optional as of MySQL\n8.0.14.\n\nmysql> CREATE TABLESPACE `ts3` ENGINE=INNODB;\n\nThis example demonstrates creating an undo tablespace.\n\nmysql> CREATE UNDO TABLESPACE undo_003 ADD DATAFILE \'undo_003.ibu\';\n\nNDB Example\n\nSuppose that you wish to create an NDB Cluster Disk Data tablespace\nnamed myts using a datafile named mydata-1.dat. An NDB tablespace\nalways requires the use of a log file group consisting of one or more\nundo log files. For this example, we first create a log file group\nnamed mylg that contains one undo long file named myundo-1.dat, using\nthe CREATE LOGFILE GROUP statement shown here:\n\nmysql> CREATE LOGFILE GROUP myg1\n    ->     ADD UNDOFILE \'myundo-1.dat\'\n    ->     ENGINE=NDB;\nQuery OK, 0 rows affected (3.29 sec)\n\nNow you can create the tablespace previously described using the\nfollowing statement:\n\nmysql> CREATE TABLESPACE myts\n    ->     ADD DATAFILE \'mydata-1.dat\'\n    ->     USE LOGFILE GROUP mylg\n    ->     ENGINE=NDB;\nQuery OK, 0 rows affected (2.98 sec)\n\nYou can now create a Disk Data table using a CREATE TABLE statement\nwith the TABLESPACE and STORAGE DISK options, similar to what is shown\nhere:\n\nmysql> CREATE TABLE mytable (\n    ->     id INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,\n    ->     lname VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,\n    ->     fname VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,\n    ->     dob DATE NOT NULL,\n    ->     joined DATE NOT NULL,\n    ->     INDEX(last_name, first_name)\n    -> )\n    ->     TABLESPACE myts STORAGE DISK\n    ->     ENGINE=NDB;\nQuery OK, 0 rows affected (1.41 sec)\n\nIt is important to note that only the dob and joined columns from\nmytable are actually stored on disk, due to the fact that the id,\nlname, and fname columns are all indexed.\n\nAs mentioned previously, when CREATE TABLESPACE is used with ENGINE [=]\nNDB, a tablespace and associated data file are created on each NDB\nCluster data node. You can verify that the data files were created and\nobtain information about them by querying the INFORMATION_SCHEMA.FILES\ntable, as shown here:\n\nmysql> SELECT FILE_NAME, FILE_TYPE, LOGFILE_GROUP_NAME, STATUS, EXTRA\n    ->     FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.FILES\n    ->     WHERE TABLESPACE_NAME = \'myts\';\n\n+--------------+------------+--------------------+--------+----------------+\n| file_name    | file_type  | logfile_group_name | status | extra          |\n+--------------+------------+--------------------+--------+----------------+\n| mydata-1.dat | DATAFILE   | mylg               | NORMAL | CLUSTER_NODE=5 |\n| mydata-1.dat | DATAFILE   | mylg               | NORMAL | CLUSTER_NODE=6 |\n| NULL         | TABLESPACE | mylg               | NORMAL | NULL           |\n+--------------+------------+--------------------+--------+----------------+\n3 rows in set (0.01 sec)\n\nFor additional information and examples, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/mysql-cluster-disk-data-objects\n.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-tablespace.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-tablespace.html'),(522,'CREATE TRIGGER',33,'Syntax:\nCREATE\n    [DEFINER = user]\n    TRIGGER trigger_name\n    trigger_time trigger_event\n    ON tbl_name FOR EACH ROW\n    [trigger_order]\n    trigger_body\n\ntrigger_time: { BEFORE | AFTER }\n\ntrigger_event: { INSERT | UPDATE | DELETE }\n\ntrigger_order: { FOLLOWS | PRECEDES } other_trigger_name\n\nThis statement creates a new trigger. A trigger is a named database\nobject that is associated with a table, and that activates when a\nparticular event occurs for the table. The trigger becomes associated\nwith the table named tbl_name, which must refer to a permanent table.\nYou cannot associate a trigger with a TEMPORARY table or a view.\n\nTrigger names exist in the schema namespace, meaning that all triggers\nmust have unique names within a schema. Triggers in different schemas\ncan have the same name.\n\nThis section describes CREATE TRIGGER syntax. For additional\ndiscussion, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/trigger-syntax.html.\n\nCREATE TRIGGER requires the TRIGGER privilege for the table associated\nwith the trigger. If the DEFINER clause is present, the privileges\nrequired depend on the user value, as discussed in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/stored-objects-security.html.\nIf binary logging is enabled, CREATE TRIGGER might require the SUPER\nprivilege, as discussed in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/stored-programs-logging.html.\n\nThe DEFINER clause determines the security context to be used when\nchecking access privileges at trigger activation time, as described\nlater in this section.\n\ntrigger_time is the trigger action time. It can be BEFORE or AFTER to\nindicate that the trigger activates before or after each row to be\nmodified.\n\nBasic column value checks occur prior to trigger activation, so you\ncannot use BEFORE triggers to convert values inappropriate for the\ncolumn type to valid values.\n\ntrigger_event indicates the kind of operation that activates the\ntrigger. These trigger_event values are permitted:\n\no INSERT: The trigger activates whenever a new row is inserted into the\n  table (for example, through INSERT, LOAD DATA, and REPLACE\n  statements).\n\no UPDATE: The trigger activates whenever a row is modified (for\n  example, through UPDATE statements).\n\no DELETE: The trigger activates whenever a row is deleted from the\n  table (for example, through DELETE and REPLACE statements). DROP\n  TABLE and TRUNCATE TABLE statements on the table do not activate this\n  trigger, because they do not use DELETE. Dropping a partition does\n  not activate DELETE triggers, either.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-trigger.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-trigger.html'),(523,'CREATE VIEW',33,'Syntax:\nCREATE\n    [OR REPLACE]\n    [ALGORITHM = {UNDEFINED | MERGE | TEMPTABLE}]\n    [DEFINER = user]\n    [SQL SECURITY { DEFINER | INVOKER }]\n    VIEW view_name [(column_list)]\n    AS select_statement\n    [WITH [CASCADED | LOCAL] CHECK OPTION]\n\nThe CREATE VIEW statement creates a new view, or replaces an existing\nview if the OR REPLACE clause is given. If the view does not exist,\nCREATE OR REPLACE VIEW is the same as CREATE VIEW. If the view does\nexist, CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW replaces it.\n\nFor information about restrictions on view use, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/view-restrictions.html.\n\nThe select_statement is a SELECT statement that provides the definition\nof the view. (Selecting from the view selects, in effect, using the\nSELECT statement.) The select_statement can select from base tables or\nother views.\n\nThe view definition is \"frozen\" at creation time and is not affected by\nsubsequent changes to the definitions of the underlying tables. For\nexample, if a view is defined as SELECT * on a table, new columns added\nto the table later do not become part of the view, and columns dropped\nfrom the table will result in an error when selecting from the view.\n\nThe ALGORITHM clause affects how MySQL processes the view. The DEFINER\nand SQL SECURITY clauses specify the security context to be used when\nchecking access privileges at view invocation time. The WITH CHECK\nOPTION clause can be given to constrain inserts or updates to rows in\ntables referenced by the view. These clauses are described later in\nthis section.\n\nThe CREATE VIEW statement requires the CREATE VIEW privilege for the\nview, and some privilege for each column selected by the SELECT\nstatement. For columns used elsewhere in the SELECT statement, you must\nhave the SELECT privilege. If the OR REPLACE clause is present, you\nmust also have the DROP privilege for the view. If the DEFINER clause\nis present, the privileges required depend on the user value, as\ndiscussed in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/stored-objects-security.html.\n\nWhen a view is referenced, privilege checking occurs as described later\nin this section.\n\nA view belongs to a database. By default, a new view is created in the\ndefault database. To create the view explicitly in a given database,\nuse db_name.view_name syntax to qualify the view name with the database\nname:\n\nCREATE VIEW test.v AS SELECT * FROM t;\n\nUnqualified table or view names in the SELECT statement are also\ninterpreted with respect to the default database. A view can refer to\ntables or views in other databases by qualifying the table or view name\nwith the appropriate database name.\n\nWithin a database, base tables and views share the same namespace, so a\nbase table and a view cannot have the same name.\n\nColumns retrieved by the SELECT statement can be simple references to\ntable columns, or expressions that use functions, constant values,\noperators, and so forth.\n\nA view must have unique column names with no duplicates, just like a\nbase table. By default, the names of the columns retrieved by the\nSELECT statement are used for the view column names. To define explicit\nnames for the view columns, specify the optional column_list clause as\na list of comma-separated identifiers. The number of names in\ncolumn_list must be the same as the number of columns retrieved by the\nSELECT statement.\n\nA view can be created from many kinds of SELECT statements. It can\nrefer to base tables or other views. It can use joins, UNION, and\nsubqueries. The SELECT need not even refer to any tables:\n\nCREATE VIEW v_today (today) AS SELECT CURRENT_DATE;\n\nThe following example defines a view that selects two columns from\nanother table as well as an expression calculated from those columns:\n\nmysql> CREATE TABLE t (qty INT, price INT);\nmysql> INSERT INTO t VALUES(3, 50);\nmysql> CREATE VIEW v AS SELECT qty, price, qty*price AS value FROM t;\nmysql> SELECT * FROM v;\n+------+-------+-------+\n| qty  | price | value |\n+------+-------+-------+\n|    3 |    50 |   150 |\n+------+-------+-------+\n\nA view definition is subject to the following restrictions:\n\no The SELECT statement cannot refer to system variables or user-defined\n  variables.\n\no Within a stored program, the SELECT statement cannot refer to program\n  parameters or local variables.\n\no The SELECT statement cannot refer to prepared statement parameters.\n\no Any table or view referred to in the definition must exist. If, after\n  the view has been created, a table or view that the definition refers\n  to is dropped, use of the view results in an error. To check a view\n  definition for problems of this kind, use the CHECK TABLE statement.\n\no The definition cannot refer to a TEMPORARY table, and you cannot\n  create a TEMPORARY view.\n\no You cannot associate a trigger with a view.\n\no Aliases for column names in the SELECT statement are checked against\n  the maximum column length of 64 characters (not the maximum alias\n  length of 256 characters).\n\nORDER BY is permitted in a view definition, but it is ignored if you\nselect from a view using a statement that has its own ORDER BY.\n\nFor other options or clauses in the definition, they are added to the\noptions or clauses of the statement that references the view, but the\neffect is undefined. For example, if a view definition includes a LIMIT\nclause, and you select from the view using a statement that has its own\nLIMIT clause, it is undefined which limit applies. This same principle\napplies to options such as ALL, DISTINCT, or SQL_SMALL_RESULT that\nfollow the SELECT keyword, and to clauses such as INTO, FOR UPDATE, FOR\nSHARE, LOCK IN SHARE MODE, and PROCEDURE.\n\nThe results obtained from a view may be affected if you change the\nquery processing environment by changing system variables:\n\nmysql> CREATE VIEW v (mycol) AS SELECT \'abc\';\nQuery OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)\n\nmysql> SET sql_mode = \'\';\nQuery OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)\n\nmysql> SELECT \"mycol\" FROM v;\n+-------+\n| mycol |\n+-------+\n| mycol |\n+-------+\n1 row in set (0.01 sec)\n\nmysql> SET sql_mode = \'ANSI_QUOTES\';\nQuery OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)\n\nmysql> SELECT \"mycol\" FROM v;\n+-------+\n| mycol |\n+-------+\n| abc   |\n+-------+\n1 row in set (0.00 sec)\n\nThe DEFINER and SQL SECURITY clauses determine which MySQL account to\nuse when checking access privileges for the view when a statement is\nexecuted that references the view. The valid SQL SECURITY\ncharacteristic values are DEFINER (the default) and INVOKER. These\nindicate that the required privileges must be held by the user who\ndefined or invoked the view, respectively.\n\nIf the DEFINER clause is present, the user value should be a MySQL\naccount specified as \'user_name\'@\'host_name\', CURRENT_USER, or\nCURRENT_USER(). The permitted user values depend on the privileges you\nhold, as discussed in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/stored-objects-security.html.\nAlso see that section for additional information about view security.\n\nIf the DEFINER clause is omitted, the default definer is the user who\nexecutes the CREATE VIEW statement. This is the same as specifying\nDEFINER = CURRENT_USER explicitly.\n\nWithin a view definition, the CURRENT_USER function returns the view\'s\nDEFINER value by default. For views defined with the SQL SECURITY\nINVOKER characteristic, CURRENT_USER returns the account for the view\'s\ninvoker. For information about user auditing within views, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/account-activity-auditing.html.\n\nWithin a stored routine that is defined with the SQL SECURITY DEFINER\ncharacteristic, CURRENT_USER returns the routine\'s DEFINER value. This\nalso affects a view defined within such a routine, if the view\ndefinition contains a DEFINER value of CURRENT_USER.\n\nMySQL checks view privileges like this:\n\no At view definition time, the view creator must have the privileges\n  needed to use the top-level objects accessed by the view. For\n  example, if the view definition refers to table columns, the creator\n  must have some privilege for each column in the select list of the\n  definition, and the SELECT privilege for each column used elsewhere\n  in the definition. If the definition refers to a stored function,\n  only the privileges needed to invoke the function can be checked. The\n  privileges required at function invocation time can be checked only\n  as it executes: For different invocations, different execution paths\n  within the function might be taken.\n\no The user who references a view must have appropriate privileges to\n  access it (SELECT to select from it, INSERT to insert into it, and so\n  forth.)\n\no When a view has been referenced, privileges for objects accessed by\n  the view are checked against the privileges held by the view DEFINER\n  account or invoker, depending on whether the SQL SECURITY\n  characteristic is DEFINER or INVOKER, respectively.\n\no If reference to a view causes execution of a stored function,\n  privilege checking for statements executed within the function depend\n  on whether the function SQL SECURITY characteristic is DEFINER or\n  INVOKER. If the security characteristic is DEFINER, the function runs\n  with the privileges of the DEFINER account. If the characteristic is\n  INVOKER, the function runs with the privileges determined by the\n  view\'s SQL SECURITY characteristic.\n\nExample: A view might depend on a stored function, and that function\nmight invoke other stored routines. For example, the following view\ninvokes a stored function f():\n\nCREATE VIEW v AS SELECT * FROM t WHERE t.id = f(t.name);\n\nSuppose that f() contains a statement such as this:\n\nIF name IS NULL then\n  CALL p1();\nELSE\n  CALL p2();\nEND IF;\n\nThe privileges required for executing statements within f() need to be\nchecked when f() executes. This might mean that privileges are needed\nfor p1() or p2(), depending on the execution path within f(). Those\nprivileges must be checked at runtime, and the user who must possess\nthe privileges is determined by the SQL SECURITY values of the view v\nand the function f().\n\nThe DEFINER and SQL SECURITY clauses for views are extensions to\nstandard SQL. In standard SQL, views are handled using the rules for\nSQL SECURITY DEFINER. The standard says that the definer of the view,\nwhich is the same as the owner of the view\'s schema, gets applicable\nprivileges on the view (for example, SELECT) and may grant them. MySQL\nhas no concept of a schema \"owner\", so MySQL adds a clause to identify\nthe definer. The DEFINER clause is an extension where the intent is to\nhave what the standard has; that is, a permanent record of who defined\nthe view. This is why the default DEFINER value is the account of the\nview creator.\n\nThe optional ALGORITHM clause is a MySQL extension to standard SQL. It\naffects how MySQL processes the view. ALGORITHM takes three values:\nMERGE, TEMPTABLE, or UNDEFINED. For more information, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/view-algorithms.html, as well\nas\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/derived-table-optimization.html\n.\n\nSome views are updatable. That is, you can use them in statements such\nas UPDATE, DELETE, or INSERT to update the contents of the underlying\ntable. For a view to be updatable, there must be a one-to-one\nrelationship between the rows in the view and the rows in the\nunderlying table. There are also certain other constructs that make a\nview nonupdatable.\n\nA generated column in a view is considered updatable because it is\npossible to assign to it. However, if such a column is updated\nexplicitly, the only permitted value is DEFAULT. For information about\ngenerated columns, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-table-generated-columns.\nhtml.\n\nThe WITH CHECK OPTION clause can be given for an updatable view to\nprevent inserts or updates to rows except those for which the WHERE\nclause in the select_statement is true.\n\nIn a WITH CHECK OPTION clause for an updatable view, the LOCAL and\nCASCADED keywords determine the scope of check testing when the view is\ndefined in terms of another view. The LOCAL keyword restricts the CHECK\nOPTION only to the view being defined. CASCADED causes the checks for\nunderlying views to be evaluated as well. When neither keyword is\ngiven, the default is CASCADED.\n\nFor more information about updatable views and the WITH CHECK OPTION\nclause, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/view-updatability.html, and\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/view-check-option.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-view.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-view.html'),(524,'DROP DATABASE',33,'Syntax:\nDROP {DATABASE | SCHEMA} [IF EXISTS] db_name\n\nDROP DATABASE drops all tables in the database and deletes the\ndatabase. Be very careful with this statement! To use DROP DATABASE,\nyou need the DROP privilege on the database. DROP SCHEMA is a synonym\nfor DROP DATABASE.\n\n*Important*:\n\nWhen a database is dropped, privileges granted specifically for the\ndatabase are not automatically dropped. They must be dropped manually.\nSee [HELP GRANT].\n\nIF EXISTS is used to prevent an error from occurring if the database\ndoes not exist.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/drop-database.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/drop-database.html'),(525,'DROP SCHEMA',33,'Syntax:\nDROP {DATABASE | SCHEMA} [IF EXISTS] db_name\n\nDROP DATABASE drops all tables in the database and deletes the\ndatabase. Be very careful with this statement! To use DROP DATABASE,\nyou need the DROP privilege on the database. DROP SCHEMA is a synonym\nfor DROP DATABASE.\n\n*Important*:\n\nWhen a database is dropped, privileges granted specifically for the\ndatabase are not automatically dropped. They must be dropped manually.\nSee [HELP GRANT].\n\nIF EXISTS is used to prevent an error from occurring if the database\ndoes not exist.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/drop-database.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/drop-database.html'),(526,'DROP EVENT',33,'Syntax:\nDROP EVENT [IF EXISTS] event_name\n\nThis statement drops the event named event_name. The event immediately\nceases being active, and is deleted completely from the server.\n\nIf the event does not exist, the error ERROR 1517 (HY000): Unknown\nevent \'event_name\' results. You can override this and cause the\nstatement to generate a warning for nonexistent events instead using IF\nEXISTS.\n\nThis statement requires the EVENT privilege for the schema to which the\nevent to be dropped belongs.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/drop-event.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/drop-event.html'),(527,'DROP INDEX',33,'Syntax:\nDROP INDEX index_name ON tbl_name\n    [algorithm_option | lock_option] ...\n\nalgorithm_option:\n    ALGORITHM [=] {DEFAULT|INPLACE|COPY}\n\nlock_option:\n    LOCK [=] {DEFAULT|NONE|SHARED|EXCLUSIVE}\n\nDROP INDEX drops the index named index_name from the table tbl_name.\nThis statement is mapped to an ALTER TABLE statement to drop the index.\nSee [HELP ALTER TABLE].\n\nTo drop a primary key, the index name is always PRIMARY, which must be\nspecified as a quoted identifier because PRIMARY is a reserved word:\n\nDROP INDEX `PRIMARY` ON t;\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/drop-index.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/drop-index.html'),(528,'DROP PROCEDURE',33,'Syntax:\nDROP {PROCEDURE | FUNCTION} [IF EXISTS] sp_name\n\nThis statement is used to drop a stored procedure or function. That is,\nthe specified routine is removed from the server. You must have the\nALTER ROUTINE privilege for the routine. (If the\nautomatic_sp_privileges system variable is enabled, that privilege and\nEXECUTE are granted automatically to the routine creator when the\nroutine is created and dropped from the creator when the routine is\ndropped. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/stored-routines-privileges.html\n.)\n\nThe IF EXISTS clause is a MySQL extension. It prevents an error from\noccurring if the procedure or function does not exist. A warning is\nproduced that can be viewed with SHOW WARNINGS.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/drop-procedure.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/drop-procedure.html'),(529,'DROP FUNCTION',33,'Syntax:\nDROP {PROCEDURE | FUNCTION} [IF EXISTS] sp_name\n\nThis statement is used to drop a stored procedure or function. That is,\nthe specified routine is removed from the server. You must have the\nALTER ROUTINE privilege for the routine. (If the\nautomatic_sp_privileges system variable is enabled, that privilege and\nEXECUTE are granted automatically to the routine creator when the\nroutine is created and dropped from the creator when the routine is\ndropped. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/stored-routines-privileges.html\n.)\n\nThe IF EXISTS clause is a MySQL extension. It prevents an error from\noccurring if the procedure or function does not exist. A warning is\nproduced that can be viewed with SHOW WARNINGS.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/drop-procedure.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/drop-procedure.html'),(530,'DROP SERVER',33,'Syntax:\nDROP SERVER [ IF EXISTS ] server_name\n\nDrops the server definition for the server named server_name. The\ncorresponding row in the mysql.servers table is deleted. This statement\nrequires the SUPER privilege.\n\nDropping a server for a table does not affect any FEDERATED tables that\nused this connection information when they were created. See [HELP\nCREATE SERVER].\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/drop-server.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/drop-server.html'),(531,'DROP SPATIAL REFERENCE SYSTEM',33,'Syntax:\nDROP SPATIAL REFERENCE SYSTEM\n    [IF EXISTS]\n    srid\n\nsrid: 32-bit unsigned integer\n\nThis statement removes a spatial reference system (SRS) definition from\nthe data dictionary. It requires the SUPER privilege.\n\nExample:\n\nDROP SPATIAL REFERENCE SYSTEM 4120;\n\nIf no SRS definition with the SRID value exists, an error occurs unless\nIF EXISTS is specified. In that case, a warning occurs rather than an\nerror.\n\nIf the SRID value is used by some column in an existing table, an error\noccurs. For example:\n\nmysql> DROP SPATIAL REFERENCE SYSTEM 4326;\nERROR 3716 (SR005): Can\'t modify SRID 4326. There is at\nleast one column depending on it.\n\nTo identify which column or columns use the SRID, use this query:\n\nSELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.ST_GEOMETRY_COLUMNS WHERE SRS_ID=4326;\n\nSRID values must be in the range of 32-bit unsigned integers, with\nthese restrictions:\n\no SRID 0 is a valid SRID but cannot be used with DROP SPATIAL REFERENCE\n  SYSTEM.\n\no If the value is in a reserved SRID range, a warning occurs. Reserved\n  ranges are [0, 32767] (reserved by EPSG), [60,000,000, 69,999,999]\n  (reserved by EPSG), and [2,000,000,000, 2,147,483,647] (reserved by\n  MySQL). EPSG stands for the European Petroleum Survey Group\n  (http://epsg.org).\n\no Users should not drop SRSs with SRIDs in the reserved ranges. If\n  system-installed SRSs are dropped, the SRS definitions may be\n  recreated for MySQL upgrades.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/drop-spatial-reference-system.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/drop-spatial-reference-system.html'),(532,'DROP TABLE',33,'Syntax:\nDROP [TEMPORARY] TABLE [IF EXISTS]\n    tbl_name [, tbl_name] ...\n    [RESTRICT | CASCADE]\n\nDROP TABLE removes one or more tables. You must have the DROP privilege\nfor each table.\n\nBe careful with this statement! For each table, it removes the table\ndefinition and all table data. If the table is partitioned, the\nstatement removes the table definition, all its partitions, all data\nstored in those partitions, and all partition definitions associated\nwith the dropped table.\n\nDropping a table also drops any triggers for the table.\n\nDROP TABLE causes an implicit commit, except when used with the\nTEMPORARY keyword. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/implicit-commit.html.\n\n*Important*:\n\nWhen a table is dropped, privileges granted specifically for the table\nare not automatically dropped. They must be dropped manually. See [HELP\nGRANT].\n\nIf any tables named in the argument list do not exist, DROP TABLE\nbehavior depends on whether the IF EXISTS clause is given:\n\no Without IF EXISTS, the statement fails with an error indicating which\n  nonexisting tables it was unable to drop, and no changes are made.\n\no With IF EXISTS, no error occurs for nonexisting tables. The statement\n  drops all named tables that do exist, and generates a NOTE diagnostic\n  for each nonexistent table. These notes can be displayed with SHOW\n  WARNINGS. See [HELP SHOW WARNINGS].\n\nIF EXISTS can also be useful for dropping tables in unusual\ncircumstances under which there is an entry in the data dictionary but\nno table managed by the storage engine. (For example, if an abnormal\nserver exit occurs after removal of the table from the storage engine\nbut before removal of the data dictionary entry.)\n\nThe TEMPORARY keyword has the following effects:\n\no The statement drops only TEMPORARY tables.\n\no The statement does not cause an implicit commit.\n\no No access rights are checked. A TEMPORARY table is visible only with\n  the session that created it, so no check is necessary.\n\nIncluding the TEMPORARY keyword is a good way to prevent accidentally\ndropping non-TEMPORARY tables.\n\nThe RESTRICT and CASCADE keywords do nothing. They are permitted to\nmake porting easier from other database systems.\n\nDROP TABLE is not supported with all innodb_force_recovery settings.\nSee\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/forcing-innodb-recovery.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/drop-table.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/drop-table.html'),(533,'DROP TABLESPACE',33,'Syntax:\nDROP [UNDO] TABLESPACE tablespace_name\n    [ENGINE [=] engine_name]\n\nThis statement drops a tablespace that was previously created using\nCREATE TABLESPACE. It is supported by the NDB and InnoDB storage\nengines.\n\nThe UNDO keyword, introduced in MySQL 8.0.14, must be specified to drop\nan undo tablespace. Only undo tablespaces created using CREATE UNDO\nTABLESPACE syntax can be dropped. An undo tablespace must be in an\nempty state before it can be dropped. For more information, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/innodb-undo-tablespaces.html.\n\nENGINE sets the storage engine that uses the tablespace, where\nengine_name is the name of the storage engine. Currently, the values\nInnoDB and NDB are supported. If not set, the value of\ndefault_storage_engine is used. If it is not the same as the storage\nengine used to create the tablespace, the DROP TABLESPACE statement\nfails.\n\ntablespace_name is a case-sensitive identifier in MySQL.\n\nFor an InnoDB general tablespace, all tables must be dropped from the\ntablespace prior to a DROP TABLESPACE operation. If the tablespace is\nnot empty, DROP TABLESPACE returns an error.\n\nAn NDB tablespace to be dropped must not contain any data files; in\nother words, before you can drop an NDB tablespace, you must first drop\neach of its data files using ALTER TABLESPACE ... DROP DATAFILE.\n\nNotes\n\no A general InnoDB tablespace is not deleted automatically when the\n  last table in the tablespace is dropped. The tablespace must be\n  dropped explicitly using DROP TABLESPACE tablespace_name.\n\no A DROP DATABASE operation can drop tables that belong to a general\n  tablespace but it cannot drop the tablespace, even if the operation\n  drops all tables that belong to the tablespace. The tablespace must\n  be dropped explicitly using DROP TABLESPACE tablespace_name.\n\no Similar to the system tablespace, truncating or dropping tables\n  stored in a general tablespace creates free space internally in the\n  general tablespace .ibd data file which can only be used for new\n  InnoDB data. Space is not released back to the operating system as it\n  is for file-per-table tablespaces.\n\nInnoDB Examples\n\nThis example demonstrates how to drop an InnoDB general tablespace. The\ngeneral tablespace ts1 is created with a single table. Before dropping\nthe tablespace, the table must be dropped.\n\nmysql> CREATE TABLESPACE `ts1` ADD DATAFILE \'ts1.ibd\' Engine=InnoDB;     \n\nmysql> CREATE TABLE t1 (c1 INT PRIMARY KEY) TABLESPACE ts1 Engine=InnoDB;     \n\nmysql> DROP TABLE t1;\n\nmysql> DROP TABLESPACE ts1;\n\nThis example demonstrates dropping an undo tablespace. An undo\ntablespace must be in an empty state before it can be dropped. For more\ninformation, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/innodb-undo-tablespaces.html.\n\nmysql> DROP UNDO TABLESPACE undo_003;\n\nNDB Example\n\nThis example shows how to drop an NDB tablespace myts having a data\nfile named mydata-1.dat after first creating the tablespace, and\nassumes the existence of a log file group named mylg (see [HELP CREATE\nLOGFILE GROUP]).\n\nmysql> CREATE TABLESPACE myts\n    ->     ADD DATAFILE \'mydata-1.dat\'\n    ->     USE LOGFILE GROUP mylg\n    ->     ENGINE=NDB;\n\nYou must remove all data files from the tablespace using ALTER\nTABLESPACE, as shown here, before it can be dropped:\n\nmysql> ALTER TABLESPACE myts\n    ->     DROP DATAFILE \'mydata-1.dat\'\n    ->     ENGINE=NDB;\n\nmysql> DROP TABLESPACE myts;\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/drop-tablespace.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/drop-tablespace.html'),(534,'DROP TRIGGER',33,'Syntax:\nDROP TRIGGER [IF EXISTS] [schema_name.]trigger_name\n\nThis statement drops a trigger. The schema (database) name is optional.\nIf the schema is omitted, the trigger is dropped from the default\nschema. DROP TRIGGER requires the TRIGGER privilege for the table\nassociated with the trigger.\n\nUse IF EXISTS to prevent an error from occurring for a trigger that\ndoes not exist. A NOTE is generated for a nonexistent trigger when\nusing IF EXISTS. See [HELP SHOW WARNINGS].\n\nTriggers for a table are also dropped if you drop the table.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/drop-trigger.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/drop-trigger.html'),(535,'DROP VIEW',33,'Syntax:\nDROP VIEW [IF EXISTS]\n    view_name [, view_name] ...\n    [RESTRICT | CASCADE]\n\nDROP VIEW removes one or more views. You must have the DROP privilege\nfor each view.\n\nIf any views named in the argument list do not exist, the statement\nfails with an error indicating by name which nonexisting views it was\nunable to drop, and no changes are made.\n\n*Note*:\n\nIn MySQL 5.7 and earlier, DROP VIEW returns an error if any views named\nin the argument list do not exist, but also drops all views in the list\nthat do exist. Due to the change in behavior in MySQL 8.0, a partially\ncompleted DROP VIEW operation on a MySQL 5.7 master fails when\nreplicated on a MySQL 8.0 slave. To avoid this failure scenario, use IF\nEXISTS syntax in DROP VIEW statements to prevent an error from\noccurring for views that do not exist. For more information, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/atomic-ddl.html.\n\nThe IF EXISTS clause prevents an error from occurring for views that\ndon\'t exist. When this clause is given, a NOTE is generated for each\nnonexistent view. See [HELP SHOW WARNINGS].\n\nRESTRICT and CASCADE, if given, are parsed and ignored.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/drop-view.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/drop-view.html'),(536,'RENAME TABLE',33,'Syntax:\nRENAME TABLE\n    tbl_name TO new_tbl_name\n    [, tbl_name2 TO new_tbl_name2] ...\n\nRENAME TABLE renames one or more tables. You must have ALTER and DROP\nprivileges for the original table, and CREATE and INSERT privileges for\nthe new table.\n\nFor example, to rename a table named old_table to new_table, use this\nstatement:\n\nRENAME TABLE old_table TO new_table;\n\nThat statement is equivalent to the following ALTER TABLE statement:\n\nALTER TABLE old_table RENAME new_table;\n\nRENAME TABLE, unlike ALTER TABLE, can rename multiple tables within a\nsingle statement:\n\nRENAME TABLE old_table1 TO new_table1,\n             old_table2 TO new_table2,\n             old_table3 TO new_table3;\n\nRenaming operations are performed left to right. Thus, to swap two\ntable names, do this (assuming that a table with the intermediary name\ntmp_table does not already exist):\n\nRENAME TABLE old_table TO tmp_table,\n             new_table TO old_table,\n             tmp_table TO new_table;\n\nMetadata locks on tables are acquired in name order, which in some\ncases can make a difference in operation outcome when multiple\ntransactions execute concurrently. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/metadata-locking.html.\n\nAs of MySQL 8.0.13, you can rename tables locked with a LOCK TABLES\nstatement, provided that they are locked with a WRITE lock or are the\nproduct of renaming WRITE-locked tables from earlier steps in a\nmultiple-table rename operation. For example, this is permitted:\n\nLOCK TABLE old_table1 WRITE;\nRENAME TABLE old_table1 TO new_table1,\n             new_table1 TO new_table2;\n\nThis is not permitted:\n\nLOCK TABLE old_table1 READ;\nRENAME TABLE old_table1 TO new_table1,\n             new_table1 TO new_table2;\n\nPrior to MySQL 8.0.13, to execute RENAME TABLE, there must be no tables\nlocked with LOCK TABLES.\n\nWith the transaction table locking conditions satisfied, the rename\noperation is done atomically; no other session can access any of the\ntables while the rename is in progress.\n\nIf any errors occur during a RENAME TABLE, the statement fails and no\nchanges are made.\n\nYou can use RENAME TABLE to move a table from one database to another:\n\nRENAME TABLE current_db.tbl_name TO other_db.tbl_name;\n\nUsing this method to move all tables from one database to a different\none in effect renames the database (an operation for which MySQL has no\nsingle statement), except that the original database continues to\nexist, albeit with no tables.\n\nLike RENAME TABLE, ALTER TABLE ... RENAME can also be used to move a\ntable to a different database. Regardless of the statement used, if the\nrename operation would move the table to a database located on a\ndifferent file system, the success of the outcome is platform specific\nand depends on the underlying operating system calls used to move table\nfiles.\n\nIf a table has triggers, attempts to rename the table into a different\ndatabase fail with a Trigger in wrong schema (ER_TRG_IN_WRONG_SCHEMA)\nerror.\n\nAn unencrypted table can be moved to an encryption-enabled database and\nvice versa. However, if the table_encryption_privilege_check variable\nis enabled, the TABLE_ENCRYPTION_ADMIN privilege is required if the\ntable encryption setting differs from the default database encryption.\n\nTo rename TEMPORARY tables, RENAME TABLE does not work. Use ALTER TABLE\ninstead.\n\nRENAME TABLE works for views, except that views cannot be renamed into\na different database.\n\nAny privileges granted specifically for a renamed table or view are not\nmigrated to the new name. They must be changed manually.\n\nRENAME TABLE tbl_name TO new_tbl_name changes internally generated\nforeign key constraint names and user-defined foreign key constraint\nnames that begin with the string \"tbl_name_ibfk_\" to reflect the new\ntable name. InnoDB interprets foreign key constraint names that begin\nwith the string \"tbl_name_ibfk_\" as internally generated names.\n\nForeign key constraint names that point to the renamed table are\nautomatically updated unless there is a conflict, in which case the\nstatement fails with an error. A conflict occurs if the renamed\nconstraint name already exists. In such cases, you must drop and\nre-create the foreign keys for them to function properly.\n\nRENAME TABLE tbl_name TO new_tbl_name changes internally generated and\nuser-defined CHECK constraint names that begin with the string\n\"tbl_name_chk_\" to reflect the new table name. MySQL interprets CHECK\nconstraint names that begin with the string \"tbl_name_chk_\" as\ninternally generated names. Example:\n\nmysql> SHOW CREATE TABLE t1\\G\n*************************** 1. row ***************************\n       Table: t1\nCreate Table: CREATE TABLE `t1` (\n  `i1` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,\n  `i2` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,\n  CONSTRAINT `t1_chk_1` CHECK ((`i1` > 0)),\n  CONSTRAINT `t1_chk_2` CHECK ((`i2` < 0))\n) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci\n1 row in set (0.02 sec)\n\nmysql> RENAME TABLE t1 TO t3;\nQuery OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)\n\nmysql> SHOW CREATE TABLE t3\\G\n*************************** 1. row ***************************\n       Table: t3\nCreate Table: CREATE TABLE `t3` (\n  `i1` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,\n  `i2` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,\n  CONSTRAINT `t3_chk_1` CHECK ((`i1` > 0)),\n  CONSTRAINT `t3_chk_2` CHECK ((`i2` < 0))\n) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci\n1 row in set (0.01 sec)\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/rename-table.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/rename-table.html'),(537,'TRUNCATE TABLE',33,'Syntax:\nTRUNCATE [TABLE] tbl_name\n\nTRUNCATE TABLE empties a table completely. It requires the DROP\nprivilege. Logically, TRUNCATE TABLE is similar to a DELETE statement\nthat deletes all rows, or a sequence of DROP TABLE and CREATE TABLE\nstatements.\n\nTo achieve high performance, TRUNCATE TABLE bypasses the DML method of\ndeleting data. Thus, it does not cause ON DELETE triggers to fire, it\ncannot be performed for InnoDB tables with parent-child foreign key\nrelationships, and it cannot be rolled back like a DML operation.\nHowever, TRUNCATE TABLE operations on tables that use an atomic\nDDL-supported storage engine are either fully committed or rolled back\nif the server halts during their operation. For more information, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/atomic-ddl.html.\n\nAlthough TRUNCATE TABLE is similar to DELETE, it is classified as a DDL\nstatement rather than a DML statement. It differs from DELETE in the\nfollowing ways:\n\no Truncate operations drop and re-create the table, which is much\n  faster than deleting rows one by one, particularly for large tables.\n\no Truncate operations cause an implicit commit, and so cannot be rolled\n  back. See\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/implicit-commit.html.\n\no Truncation operations cannot be performed if the session holds an\n  active table lock.\n\no TRUNCATE TABLE fails for an InnoDB table or NDB table if there are\n  any FOREIGN KEY constraints from other tables that reference the\n  table. Foreign key constraints between columns of the same table are\n  permitted.\n\no Truncation operations do not return a meaningful value for the number\n  of deleted rows. The usual result is \"0 rows affected,\" which should\n  be interpreted as \"no information.\"\n\no As long as the table definition is valid, the table can be re-created\n  as an empty table with TRUNCATE TABLE, even if the data or index\n  files have become corrupted.\n\no Any AUTO_INCREMENT value is reset to its start value. This is true\n  even for MyISAM and InnoDB, which normally do not reuse sequence\n  values.\n\no When used with partitioned tables, TRUNCATE TABLE preserves the\n  partitioning; that is, the data and index files are dropped and\n  re-created, while the partition definitions are unaffected.\n\no The TRUNCATE TABLE statement does not invoke ON DELETE triggers.\n\no Truncating a corrupted InnoDB table is supported.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/truncate-table.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/truncate-table.html'),(538,'CALL',34,'Syntax:\nCALL sp_name([parameter[,...]])\nCALL sp_name[()]\n\nThe CALL statement invokes a stored procedure that was defined\npreviously with CREATE PROCEDURE.\n\nStored procedures that take no arguments can be invoked without\nparentheses. That is, CALL p() and CALL p are equivalent.\n\nCALL can pass back values to its caller using parameters that are\ndeclared as OUT or INOUT parameters. When the procedure returns, a\nclient program can also obtain the number of rows affected for the\nfinal statement executed within the routine: At the SQL level, call the\nROW_COUNT() function; from the C API, call the mysql_affected_rows()\nfunction.\n\nFor information about the effect of unhandled conditions on procedure\nparameters, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/conditions-and-parameters.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/call.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/call.html'),(539,'DELETE',34,'Syntax:\nDELETE is a DML statement that removes rows from a table.\n\nA DELETE statement can start with a WITH clause to define common table\nexpressions accessible within the DELETE. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/with.html.\n\nSingle-Table Syntax\n\nDELETE [LOW_PRIORITY] [QUICK] [IGNORE] FROM tbl_name [[AS] tbl_alias]\n    [PARTITION (partition_name [, partition_name] ...)]\n    [WHERE where_condition]\n    [ORDER BY ...]\n    [LIMIT row_count]\n\nThe DELETE statement deletes rows from tbl_name and returns the number\nof deleted rows. To check the number of deleted rows, call the\nROW_COUNT() function described in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/information-functions.html.\n\nMain Clauses\n\nThe conditions in the optional WHERE clause identify which rows to\ndelete. With no WHERE clause, all rows are deleted.\n\nwhere_condition is an expression that evaluates to true for each row to\nbe deleted. It is specified as described in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/select.html.\n\nIf the ORDER BY clause is specified, the rows are deleted in the order\nthat is specified. The LIMIT clause places a limit on the number of\nrows that can be deleted. These clauses apply to single-table deletes,\nbut not multi-table deletes.\n\nMultiple-Table Syntax\n\nDELETE [LOW_PRIORITY] [QUICK] [IGNORE]\n    tbl_name[.*] [, tbl_name[.*]] ...\n    FROM table_references\n    [WHERE where_condition]\n\nDELETE [LOW_PRIORITY] [QUICK] [IGNORE]\n    FROM tbl_name[.*] [, tbl_name[.*]] ...\n    USING table_references\n    [WHERE where_condition]\n\nPrivileges\n\nYou need the DELETE privilege on a table to delete rows from it. You\nneed only the SELECT privilege for any columns that are only read, such\nas those named in the WHERE clause.\n\nPerformance\n\nWhen you do not need to know the number of deleted rows, the TRUNCATE\nTABLE statement is a faster way to empty a table than a DELETE\nstatement with no WHERE clause. Unlike DELETE, TRUNCATE TABLE cannot be\nused within a transaction or if you have a lock on the table. See [HELP\nTRUNCATE TABLE] and [HELP LOCK TABLES].\n\nThe speed of delete operations may also be affected by factors\ndiscussed in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/delete-optimization.html.\n\nTo ensure that a given DELETE statement does not take too much time,\nthe MySQL-specific LIMIT row_count clause for DELETE specifies the\nmaximum number of rows to be deleted. If the number of rows to delete\nis larger than the limit, repeat the DELETE statement until the number\nof affected rows is less than the LIMIT value.\n\nSubqueries\n\nYou cannot delete from a table and select from the same table in a\nsubquery.\n\nPartitioned Table Support\n\nDELETE supports explicit partition selection using the PARTITION\noption, which takes a list of the comma-separated names of one or more\npartitions or subpartitions (or both) from which to select rows to be\ndropped. Partitions not included in the list are ignored. Given a\npartitioned table t with a partition named p0, executing the statement\nDELETE FROM t PARTITION (p0) has the same effect on the table as\nexecuting ALTER TABLE t TRUNCATE PARTITION (p0); in both cases, all\nrows in partition p0 are dropped.\n\nPARTITION can be used along with a WHERE condition, in which case the\ncondition is tested only on rows in the listed partitions. For example,\nDELETE FROM t PARTITION (p0) WHERE c < 5 deletes rows only from\npartition p0 for which the condition c < 5 is true; rows in any other\npartitions are not checked and thus not affected by the DELETE.\n\nThe PARTITION option can also be used in multiple-table DELETE\nstatements. You can use up to one such option per table named in the\nFROM option.\n\nFor more information and examples, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/partitioning-selection.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/delete.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/delete.html'),(540,'DO',34,'Syntax:\nDO expr [, expr] ...\n\nDO executes the expressions but does not return any results. In most\nrespects, DO is shorthand for SELECT expr, ..., but has the advantage\nthat it is slightly faster when you do not care about the result.\n\nDO is useful primarily with functions that have side effects, such as\nRELEASE_LOCK().\n\nExample: This SELECT statement pauses, but also produces a result set:\n\nmysql> SELECT SLEEP(5);\n+----------+\n| SLEEP(5) |\n+----------+\n|        0 |\n+----------+\n1 row in set (5.02 sec)\n\nDO, on the other hand, pauses without producing a result set.:\n\nmysql> DO SLEEP(5);\nQuery OK, 0 rows affected (4.99 sec)\n\nThis could be useful, for example in a stored function or trigger,\nwhich prohibit statements that produce result sets.\n\nDO only executes expressions. It cannot be used in all cases where\nSELECT can be used. For example, DO id FROM t1 is invalid because it\nreferences a table.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/do.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/do.html'),(541,'HANDLER',34,'Syntax:\nHANDLER tbl_name OPEN [ [AS] alias]\n\nHANDLER tbl_name READ index_name { = | <= | >= | < | > } (value1,value2,...)\n    [ WHERE where_condition ] [LIMIT ... ]\nHANDLER tbl_name READ index_name { FIRST | NEXT | PREV | LAST }\n    [ WHERE where_condition ] [LIMIT ... ]\nHANDLER tbl_name READ { FIRST | NEXT }\n    [ WHERE where_condition ] [LIMIT ... ]\n\nHANDLER tbl_name CLOSE\n\nThe HANDLER statement provides direct access to table storage engine\ninterfaces. It is available for InnoDB and MyISAM tables.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/handler.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/handler.html'),(542,'IMPORT TABLE',34,'Syntax:\nIMPORT TABLE FROM sdi_file [, sdi_file] ...\n\nThe IMPORT TABLE statement imports MyISAM tables based on information\ncontained in .sdi (serialized dictionary information) metadata files.\nIMPORT TABLE requires the FILE privilege to read the .sdi and table\ncontent files, and the CREATE privilege for the table to be created.\n\nTables can be exported from one server using mysqldump to write a file\nof SQL statements and imported into another server using mysql to\nprocess the dump file. IMPORT TABLE provides a faster alternative using\nthe \"raw\" table files.\n\nPrior to import, the files that provide the table content must be\nplaced in the appropriate schema directory for the import server, and\nthe .sdi file must be located in a directory accessible to the server.\nFor example, the .sdi file can be placed in the directory named by the\nsecure_file_priv system variable, or (if secure_file_priv is empty) in\na directory under the server data directory.\n\nThe following example describes how to export MyISAM tables named\nemployees and managers from the hr schema of one server and import them\ninto the hr schema of another server. The example uses these\nassumptions (to perform a similar operation on your own system, modify\nthe path names as appropriate):\n\no For the export server, export_basedir represents its base directory,\n  and its data directory is export_basedir/data.\n\no For the import server, import_basedir represents its base directory,\n  and its data directory is import_basedir/data.\n\no Table files are exported from the export server into the /tmp/export\n  directory and this directory is secure (not accessible to other\n  users).\n\no The import server uses /tmp/mysql-files as the directory named by its\n  secure_file_priv system variable.\n\nTo export tables from the export server, use this procedure:\n\n1. Ensure a consistent snapshot by executing this statement to lock the\n   tables so that they cannot be modified during export:\n\nmysql> FLUSH TABLES hr.employees, hr.managers WITH READ LOCK;\n\n   While the lock is in effect, the tables can still be used, but only\n   for read access.\n\n2. At the file system level, copy the .sdi and table content files from\n   the hr schema directory to the secure export directory:\n\n  o The .sdi file is located in the hr schema directory, but might not\n    have exactly the same basename as the table name. For example, the\n    .sdi files for the employees and managers tables might be named\n    employees_125.sdi and managers_238.sdi.\n\n  o For a MyISAM table, the content files are its .MYD data file and\n    .MYI index file.\n\n   Given those file names, the copy commands look like this:\n\nshell> cd export_basedir/data/hr\nshell> cp employees_125.sdi /tmp/export\nshell> cp managers_238.sdi /tmp/export\nshell> cp employees.{MYD,MYI} /tmp/export\nshell> cp managers.{MYD,MYI} /tmp/export\n\n3. Unlock the tables:\n\nmysql> UNLOCK TABLES;\n\nTo import tables into the import server, use this procedure:\n\n1. The import schema must exist. If necessary, execute this statement\n   to create it:\n\nmysql> CREATE SCHEMA hr;\n\n2. At the file system level, copy the .sdi files to the import server\n   secure_file_priv directory, /tmp/mysql-files. Also, copy the table\n   content files to the hr schema directory:\n\nshell> cd /tmp/export\nshell> cp employees_125.sdi /tmp/mysql-files\nshell> cp managers_238.sdi /tmp/mysql-files\nshell> cp employees.{MYD,MYI} import_basedir/data/hr\nshell> cp managers.{MYD,MYI} import_basedir/data/hr\n\n3. Import the tables by executing an IMPORT TABLE statement that names\n   the .sdi files:\n\nmysql> IMPORT TABLE FROM\n       \'/tmp/mysql-files/employees.sdi\',\n       \'/tmp/mysql-files/managers.sdi\';\n\nThe .sdi file need not be placed in the import server directory named\nby the secure_file_priv system variable if that variable is empty; it\ncan be in any directory accessible to the server, including the schema\ndirectory for the imported table. If the .sdi file is placed in that\ndirectory, however, it may be rewritten; the import operation creates a\nnew .sdi file for the table, which will overwrite the old .sdi file if\nthe operation uses the same file name for the new file.\n\nEach sdi_file value must be a string literal that names the .sdi file\nfor a table or is a pattern that matches .sdi files. If the string is a\npattern, any leading directory path and the .sdi file name suffix must\nbe given literally. Pattern characters are permitted only in the base\nname part of the file name:\n\no ? matches any single character\n\no * matches any sequence of characters, including no characters\n\nUsing a pattern, the previous IMPORT TABLE statement could have been\nwritten like this (assuming that the /tmp/mysql-files directory\ncontains no other .sdi files matching the pattern):\n\nIMPORT TABLE FROM \'/tmp/mysql-files/*.sdi\';\n\nTo interpret the location of .sdi file path names, the server uses the\nsame rules for IMPORT TABLE as the server-side rules for LOAD DATA\n(that is, the non-LOCAL rules). See [HELP LOAD DATA], paying particular\nattention to the rules used to interpret relative path names.\n\nIMPORT TABLE fails if the .sdi or table files cannot be located. After\nimporting a table, the server attempts to open it and reports as\nwarnings any problems detected. To attempt a repair to correct any\nreported issues, use REPAIR TABLE.\n\nIMPORT TABLE is not written to the binary log.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/import-table.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/import-table.html'),(543,'INSERT',34,'Syntax:\nINSERT [LOW_PRIORITY | DELAYED | HIGH_PRIORITY] [IGNORE]\n    [INTO] tbl_name\n    [PARTITION (partition_name [, partition_name] ...)]\n    [(col_name [, col_name] ...)]\n    {VALUES | VALUE} (value_list) [, (value_list)] ...\n    [ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE assignment_list]\n\nINSERT [LOW_PRIORITY | DELAYED | HIGH_PRIORITY] [IGNORE]\n    [INTO] tbl_name\n    [PARTITION (partition_name [, partition_name] ...)]\n    SET assignment_list\n    [ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE assignment_list]\n\nINSERT [LOW_PRIORITY | HIGH_PRIORITY] [IGNORE]\n    [INTO] tbl_name\n    [PARTITION (partition_name [, partition_name] ...)]\n    [(col_name [, col_name] ...)]\n    SELECT ...\n    [ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE assignment_list]\n\nvalue:\n    {expr | DEFAULT}\n\nvalue_list:\n    value [, value] ...\n\nassignment:\n    col_name = value\n\nassignment_list:\n    assignment [, assignment] ...\n\nINSERT inserts new rows into an existing table. The INSERT ... VALUES\nand INSERT ... SET forms of the statement insert rows based on\nexplicitly specified values. The INSERT ... SELECT form inserts rows\nselected from another table or tables. INSERT with an ON DUPLICATE KEY\nUPDATE clause enables existing rows to be updated if a row to be\ninserted would cause a duplicate value in a UNIQUE index or PRIMARY\nKEY.\n\nFor additional information about INSERT ... SELECT and INSERT ... ON\nDUPLICATE KEY UPDATE, see [HELP INSERT SELECT], and\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/insert-on-duplicate.html.\n\nIn MySQL 8.0, the DELAYED keyword is accepted but ignored by the\nserver. For the reasons for this, see [HELP INSERT DELAYED],\n\nInserting into a table requires the INSERT privilege for the table. If\nthe ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE clause is used and a duplicate key causes\nan UPDATE to be performed instead, the statement requires the UPDATE\nprivilege for the columns to be updated. For columns that are read but\nnot modified you need only the SELECT privilege (such as for a column\nreferenced only on the right hand side of an col_name=expr assignment\nin an ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE clause).\n\nWhen inserting into a partitioned table, you can control which\npartitions and subpartitions accept new rows. The PARTITION option\ntakes a list of the comma-separated names of one or more partitions or\nsubpartitions (or both) of the table. If any of the rows to be inserted\nby a given INSERT statement do not match one of the partitions listed,\nthe INSERT statement fails with the error Found a row not matching the\ngiven partition set. For more information and examples, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/partitioning-selection.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/insert.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/insert.html'),(544,'INSERT SELECT',34,'Syntax:\nINSERT [LOW_PRIORITY | HIGH_PRIORITY] [IGNORE]\n    [INTO] tbl_name\n    [PARTITION (partition_name [, partition_name] ...)]\n    [(col_name [, col_name] ...)]\n    SELECT ...\n    [ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE assignment_list]\n\nvalue:\n    {expr | DEFAULT}\n\nassignment:\n    col_name = value\n\nassignment_list:\n    assignment [, assignment] ...\n\nWith INSERT ... SELECT, you can quickly insert many rows into a table\nfrom the result of a SELECT statement, which can select from one or\nmany tables. For example:\n\nINSERT INTO tbl_temp2 (fld_id)\n  SELECT tbl_temp1.fld_order_id\n  FROM tbl_temp1 WHERE tbl_temp1.fld_order_id > 100;\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/insert-select.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/insert-select.html'),(545,'INSERT DELAYED',34,'Syntax:\nINSERT DELAYED ...\n\nThe DELAYED option for the INSERT statement is a MySQL extension to\nstandard SQL. In previous versions of MySQL, it can be used for certain\nkinds of tables (such as MyISAM), such that when a client uses INSERT\nDELAYED, it gets an okay from the server at once, and the row is queued\nto be inserted when the table is not in use by any other thread.\n\nDELAYED inserts and replaces were deprecated in MySQL 5.6. In MySQL\n8.0, DELAYED is not supported. The server recognizes but ignores the\nDELAYED keyword, handles the insert as a nondelayed insert, and\ngenerates an ER_WARN_LEGACY_SYNTAX_CONVERTED warning (\"INSERT DELAYED\nis no longer supported. The statement was converted to INSERT\"). The\nDELAYED keyword is scheduled for removal in a future release.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/insert-delayed.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/insert-delayed.html'),(546,'LOAD DATA',34,'Syntax:\nLOAD DATA\n    [LOW_PRIORITY | CONCURRENT] [LOCAL]\n    INFILE \'file_name\'\n    [REPLACE | IGNORE]\n    INTO TABLE tbl_name\n    [PARTITION (partition_name [, partition_name] ...)]\n    [CHARACTER SET charset_name]\n    [{FIELDS | COLUMNS}\n        [TERMINATED BY \'string\']\n        [[OPTIONALLY] ENCLOSED BY \'char\']\n        [ESCAPED BY \'char\']\n    ]\n    [LINES\n        [STARTING BY \'string\']\n        [TERMINATED BY \'string\']\n    ]\n    [IGNORE number {LINES | ROWS}]\n    [(col_name_or_user_var\n        [, col_name_or_user_var] ...)]\n    [SET col_name={expr | DEFAULT},\n        [, col_name={expr | DEFAULT}] ...]\n\nThe LOAD DATA statement reads rows from a text file into a table at a\nvery high speed. LOAD DATA is the complement of SELECT ... INTO\nOUTFILE. (See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/select-into.html.) To write\ndata from a table to a file, use SELECT ... INTO OUTFILE. To read the\nfile back into a table, use LOAD DATA. The syntax of the FIELDS and\nLINES clauses is the same for both statements.\n\nYou can also load data files by using the mysqlimport utility; see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/mysqlimport.html. mysqlimport\noperates by sending a LOAD DATA statement to the server.\n\nFor more information about the efficiency of INSERT versus LOAD DATA\nand speeding up LOAD DATA, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/insert-optimization.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/load-data.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/load-data.html'),(547,'LOAD XML',34,'Syntax:\nLOAD XML\n    [LOW_PRIORITY | CONCURRENT] [LOCAL]\n    INFILE \'file_name\'\n    [REPLACE | IGNORE]\n    INTO TABLE [db_name.]tbl_name\n    [CHARACTER SET charset_name]\n    [ROWS IDENTIFIED BY \'<tagname>\']\n    [IGNORE number {LINES | ROWS}]\n    [(field_name_or_user_var\n        [, field_name_or_user_var] ...)]\n    [SET col_name={expr | DEFAULT},\n        [, col_name={expr | DEFAULT}] ...]\n\nThe LOAD XML statement reads data from an XML file into a table. The\nfile_name must be given as a literal string. The tagname in the\noptional ROWS IDENTIFIED BY clause must also be given as a literal\nstring, and must be surrounded by angle brackets (< and >).\n\nLOAD XML acts as the complement of running the mysql client in XML\noutput mode (that is, starting the client with the --xml option). To\nwrite data from a table to an XML file, you can invoke the mysql client\nwith the --xml and -e options from the system shell, as shown here:\n\nshell> mysql --xml -e \'SELECT * FROM mydb.mytable\' > file.xml\n\nTo read the file back into a table, use LOAD XML. By default, the <row>\nelement is considered to be the equivalent of a database table row;\nthis can be changed using the ROWS IDENTIFIED BY clause.\n\nThis statement supports three different XML formats:\n\no Column names as attributes and column values as attribute values:\n\n<row column1=\"value1\" column2=\"value2\" .../>\n\no Column names as tags and column values as the content of these tags:\n\n<row>\n  <column1>value1</column1>\n  <column2>value2</column2>\n</row>\n\no Column names are the name attributes of <field> tags, and values are\n  the contents of these tags:\n\n<row>\n  <field name=\'column1\'>value1</field>\n  <field name=\'column2\'>value2</field>\n</row>\n\n  This is the format used by other MySQL tools, such as mysqldump.\n\nAll three formats can be used in the same XML file; the import routine\nautomatically detects the format for each row and interprets it\ncorrectly. Tags are matched based on the tag or attribute name and the\ncolumn name.\n\nThe following clauses work essentially the same way for LOAD XML as\nthey do for LOAD DATA:\n\no LOW_PRIORITY or CONCURRENT\n\no LOCAL\n\no REPLACE or IGNORE\n\no CHARACTER SET\n\no SET\n\nSee [HELP LOAD DATA], for more information about these clauses.\n\n(field_name_or_user_var, ...) is a list of one or more comma-separated\nXML fields or user variables. The name of a user variable used for this\npurpose must match the name of a field from the XML file, prefixed with\n@. You can use field names to select only desired fields. User\nvariables can be employed to store the corresponding field values for\nsubsequent re-use.\n\nThe IGNORE number LINES or IGNORE number ROWS clause causes the first\nnumber rows in the XML file to be skipped. It is analogous to the LOAD\nDATA statement\'s IGNORE ... LINES clause.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/load-xml.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/load-xml.html'),(548,'REPLACE',34,'Syntax:\nREPLACE [LOW_PRIORITY | DELAYED]\n    [INTO] tbl_name\n    [PARTITION (partition_name [, partition_name] ...)]\n    [(col_name [, col_name] ...)]\n    {VALUES | VALUE} (value_list) [, (value_list)] ...\n\nREPLACE [LOW_PRIORITY | DELAYED]\n    [INTO] tbl_name\n    [PARTITION (partition_name [, partition_name] ...)]\n    SET assignment_list\n\nREPLACE [LOW_PRIORITY | DELAYED]\n    [INTO] tbl_name\n    [PARTITION (partition_name [, partition_name] ...)]\n    [(col_name [, col_name] ...)]\n    SELECT ...\n\nvalue:\n    {expr | DEFAULT}\n\nvalue_list:\n    value [, value] ...\n\nassignment:\n    col_name = value\n\nassignment_list:\n    assignment [, assignment] ...\n\nREPLACE works exactly like INSERT, except that if an old row in the\ntable has the same value as a new row for a PRIMARY KEY or a UNIQUE\nindex, the old row is deleted before the new row is inserted. See [HELP\nINSERT].\n\nREPLACE is a MySQL extension to the SQL standard. It either inserts, or\ndeletes and inserts. For another MySQL extension to standard SQL---that\neither inserts or updates---see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/insert-on-duplicate.html.\n\nDELAYED inserts and replaces were deprecated in MySQL 5.6. In MySQL\n8.0, DELAYED is not supported. The server recognizes but ignores the\nDELAYED keyword, handles the replace as a nondelayed replace, and\ngenerates an ER_WARN_LEGACY_SYNTAX_CONVERTED warning. (\"REPLACE DELAYED\nis no longer supported. The statement was converted to REPLACE.\") The\nDELAYED keyword will be removed in a future release.\n\n*Note*:\n\nREPLACE makes sense only if a table has a PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE index.\nOtherwise, it becomes equivalent to INSERT, because there is no index\nto be used to determine whether a new row duplicates another.\n\nValues for all columns are taken from the values specified in the\nREPLACE statement. Any missing columns are set to their default values,\njust as happens for INSERT. You cannot refer to values from the current\nrow and use them in the new row. If you use an assignment such as SET\ncol_name = col_name + 1, the reference to the column name on the right\nhand side is treated as DEFAULT(col_name), so the assignment is\nequivalent to SET col_name = DEFAULT(col_name) + 1.\n\nTo use REPLACE, you must have both the INSERT and DELETE privileges for\nthe table.\n\nIf a generated column is replaced explicitly, the only permitted value\nis DEFAULT. For information about generated columns, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-table-generated-columns.\nhtml.\n\nREPLACE supports explicit partition selection using the PARTITION\nkeyword with a list of comma-separated names of partitions,\nsubpartitions, or both. As with INSERT, if it is not possible to insert\nthe new row into any of these partitions or subpartitions, the REPLACE\nstatement fails with the error Found a row not matching the given\npartition set. For more information and examples, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/partitioning-selection.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/replace.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/replace.html'),(549,'SELECT',34,'Syntax:\nSELECT\n    [ALL | DISTINCT | DISTINCTROW ]\n      [HIGH_PRIORITY]\n      [STRAIGHT_JOIN]\n      [SQL_SMALL_RESULT] [SQL_BIG_RESULT] [SQL_BUFFER_RESULT]\n      [SQL_NO_CACHE] [SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS]\n    select_expr [, select_expr ...]\n    [FROM table_references\n      [PARTITION partition_list]\n    [WHERE where_condition]\n    [GROUP BY {col_name | expr | position}, ... [WITH ROLLUP]]\n    [HAVING where_condition]\n    [WINDOW window_name AS (window_spec)\n        [, window_name AS (window_spec)] ...]\n    [ORDER BY {col_name | expr | position}\n      [ASC | DESC], ... [WITH ROLLUP]]\n    [LIMIT {[offset,] row_count | row_count OFFSET offset}]\n    [INTO OUTFILE \'file_name\'\n        [CHARACTER SET charset_name]\n        export_options\n      | INTO DUMPFILE \'file_name\'\n      | INTO var_name [, var_name]]\n    [FOR {UPDATE | SHARE} [OF tbl_name [, tbl_name] ...] [NOWAIT | SKIP LOCKED] \n      | LOCK IN SHARE MODE]]\n\nSELECT is used to retrieve rows selected from one or more tables, and\ncan include UNION statements and subqueries. See [HELP UNION], and\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/subqueries.html. A SELECT\nstatement can start with a WITH clause to define common table\nexpressions accessible within the SELECT. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/with.html.\n\nThe most commonly used clauses of SELECT statements are these:\n\no Each select_expr indicates a column that you want to retrieve. There\n  must be at least one select_expr.\n\no table_references indicates the table or tables from which to retrieve\n  rows. Its syntax is described in [HELP JOIN].\n\no SELECT supports explicit partition selection using the PARTITION with\n  a list of partitions or subpartitions (or both) following the name of\n  the table in a table_reference (see [HELP JOIN]). In this case, rows\n  are selected only from the partitions listed, and any other\n  partitions of the table are ignored. For more information and\n  examples, see\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/partitioning-selection.html.\n\n  SELECT ... PARTITION from tables using storage engines such as MyISAM\n  that perform table-level locks (and thus partition locks) lock only\n  the partitions or subpartitions named by the PARTITION option.\n\n  For more information, see Partitioning and Locking\n  (https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/partitioning-limitations-loc\n  king.html).\n\no The WHERE clause, if given, indicates the condition or conditions\n  that rows must satisfy to be selected. where_condition is an\n  expression that evaluates to true for each row to be selected. The\n  statement selects all rows if there is no WHERE clause.\n\n  In the WHERE expression, you can use any of the functions and\n  operators that MySQL supports, except for aggregate (summary)\n  functions. See\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/expressions.html, and\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/functions.html.\n\nSELECT can also be used to retrieve rows computed without reference to\nany table.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/select.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/select.html'),(550,'DUAL',34,'You are permitted to specify DUAL as a dummy table name in situations\nwhere no tables are referenced:\n\nmysql> SELECT 1 + 1 FROM DUAL;\n        -> 2\n\nDUAL is purely for the convenience of people who require that all\nSELECT statements should have FROM and possibly other clauses. MySQL\nmay ignore the clauses. MySQL does not require FROM DUAL if no tables\nare referenced.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/select.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/select.html'),(551,'JOIN',34,'MySQL supports the following JOIN syntax for the table_references part\nof SELECT statements and multiple-table DELETE and UPDATE statements:\n\ntable_references:\n    escaped_table_reference [, escaped_table_reference] ...\n\nescaped_table_reference:\n    table_reference\n  | { OJ table_reference }\n\ntable_reference:\n    table_factor\n  | joined_table\n\ntable_factor:\n    tbl_name [PARTITION (partition_names)]\n        [[AS] alias] [index_hint_list]\n  | table_subquery [AS] alias [(col_list)]\n  | ( table_references )\n\njoined_table:\n    table_reference {[INNER | CROSS] JOIN | STRAIGHT_JOIN} table_factor [join_specification]\n  | table_reference {LEFT|RIGHT} [OUTER] JOIN table_reference join_specification\n  | table_reference NATURAL [INNER | {LEFT|RIGHT} [OUTER]] JOIN table_factor\n\njoin_specification:\n    ON search_condition\n  | USING (join_column_list)\n\njoin_column_list:\n    column_name [, column_name] ...\n\nindex_hint_list:\n    index_hint [, index_hint] ...\n\nindex_hint:\n    USE {INDEX|KEY}\n      [FOR {JOIN|ORDER BY|GROUP BY}] ([index_list])\n  | {IGNORE|FORCE} {INDEX|KEY}\n      [FOR {JOIN|ORDER BY|GROUP BY}] (index_list)\n\nindex_list:\n    index_name [, index_name] ...\n\nA table reference is also known as a join expression.\n\nA table reference (when it refers to a partitioned table) may contain a\nPARTITION option, including a list of comma-separated partitions,\nsubpartitions, or both. This option follows the name of the table and\nprecedes any alias declaration. The effect of this option is that rows\nare selected only from the listed partitions or subpartitions. Any\npartitions or subpartitions not named in the list are ignored. For more\ninformation and examples, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/partitioning-selection.html.\n\nThe syntax of table_factor is extended in MySQL in comparison with\nstandard SQL. The standard accepts only table_reference, not a list of\nthem inside a pair of parentheses.\n\nThis is a conservative extension if each comma in a list of\ntable_reference items is considered as equivalent to an inner join. For\nexample:\n\nSELECT * FROM t1 LEFT JOIN (t2, t3, t4)\n                 ON (t2.a = t1.a AND t3.b = t1.b AND t4.c = t1.c)\n\nis equivalent to:\n\nSELECT * FROM t1 LEFT JOIN (t2 CROSS JOIN t3 CROSS JOIN t4)\n                 ON (t2.a = t1.a AND t3.b = t1.b AND t4.c = t1.c)\n\nIn MySQL, JOIN, CROSS JOIN, and INNER JOIN are syntactic equivalents\n(they can replace each other). In standard SQL, they are not\nequivalent. INNER JOIN is used with an ON clause, CROSS JOIN is used\notherwise.\n\nIn general, parentheses can be ignored in join expressions containing\nonly inner join operations. MySQL also supports nested joins. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/nested-join-optimization.html.\n\nIndex hints can be specified to affect how the MySQL optimizer makes\nuse of indexes. For more information, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/index-hints.html. Optimizer\nhints and the optimizer_switch system variable are other ways to\ninfluence optimizer use of indexes. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/optimizer-hints.html, and\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/switchable-optimizations.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/join.html\n\n','SELECT left_tbl.*\n  FROM left_tbl LEFT JOIN right_tbl ON left_tbl.id = right_tbl.id\n  WHERE right_tbl.id IS NULL;\n','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/join.html'),(552,'UNION',34,'Syntax:\nSELECT ...\nUNION [ALL | DISTINCT] SELECT ...\n[UNION [ALL | DISTINCT] SELECT ...]\n\nUNION is used to combine the result from multiple SELECT statements\ninto a single result set.\n\nThe column names from the first SELECT statement are used as the column\nnames for the results returned. Selected columns listed in\ncorresponding positions of each SELECT statement should have the same\ndata type. (For example, the first column selected by the first\nstatement should have the same type as the first column selected by the\nother statements.)\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/union.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/union.html'),(553,'UPDATE',34,'Syntax:\nUPDATE is a DML statement that modifies rows in a table.\n\nAn UPDATE statement can start with a WITH clause to define common table\nexpressions accessible within the UPDATE. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/with.html.\n\nSingle-table syntax:\n\nUPDATE [LOW_PRIORITY] [IGNORE] table_reference\n    SET assignment_list\n    [WHERE where_condition]\n    [ORDER BY ...]\n    [LIMIT row_count]\n\nvalue:\n    {expr | DEFAULT}\n\nassignment:\n    col_name = value\n\nassignment_list:\n    assignment [, assignment] ...\n\nMultiple-table syntax:\n\nUPDATE [LOW_PRIORITY] [IGNORE] table_references\n    SET assignment_list\n    [WHERE where_condition]\n\nFor the single-table syntax, the UPDATE statement updates columns of\nexisting rows in the named table with new values. The SET clause\nindicates which columns to modify and the values they should be given.\nEach value can be given as an expression, or the keyword DEFAULT to set\na column explicitly to its default value. The WHERE clause, if given,\nspecifies the conditions that identify which rows to update. With no\nWHERE clause, all rows are updated. If the ORDER BY clause is\nspecified, the rows are updated in the order that is specified. The\nLIMIT clause places a limit on the number of rows that can be updated.\n\nFor the multiple-table syntax, UPDATE updates rows in each table named\nin table_references that satisfy the conditions. Each matching row is\nupdated once, even if it matches the conditions multiple times. For\nmultiple-table syntax, ORDER BY and LIMIT cannot be used.\n\nFor partitioned tables, both the single-single and multiple-table forms\nof this statement support the use of a PARTITION option as part of a\ntable reference. This option takes a list of one or more partitions or\nsubpartitions (or both). Only the partitions (or subpartitions) listed\nare checked for matches, and a row that is not in any of these\npartitions or subpartitions is not updated, whether it satisfies the\nwhere_condition or not.\n\n*Note*:\n\nUnlike the case when using PARTITION with an INSERT or REPLACE\nstatement, an otherwise valid UPDATE ... PARTITION statement is\nconsidered successful even if no rows in the listed partitions (or\nsubpartitions) match the where_condition.\n\nFor more information and examples, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/partitioning-selection.html.\n\nwhere_condition is an expression that evaluates to true for each row to\nbe updated. For expression syntax, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/expressions.html.\n\ntable_references and where_condition are specified as described in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/select.html.\n\nYou need the UPDATE privilege only for columns referenced in an UPDATE\nthat are actually updated. You need only the SELECT privilege for any\ncolumns that are read but not modified.\n\nThe UPDATE statement supports the following modifiers:\n\no With the LOW_PRIORITY modifier, execution of the UPDATE is delayed\n  until no other clients are reading from the table. This affects only\n  storage engines that use only table-level locking (such as MyISAM,\n  MEMORY, and MERGE).\n\no With the IGNORE modifier, the update statement does not abort even if\n  errors occur during the update. Rows for which duplicate-key\n  conflicts occur on a unique key value are not updated. Rows updated\n  to values that would cause data conversion errors are updated to the\n  closest valid values instead. For more information, see\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/sql-mode.html#ignore-strict-c\n  omparison.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/update.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/update.html'),(554,'START TRANSACTION',35,'Syntax:\nSTART TRANSACTION\n    [transaction_characteristic [, transaction_characteristic] ...]\n\ntransaction_characteristic: {\n    WITH CONSISTENT SNAPSHOT\n  | READ WRITE\n  | READ ONLY\n}\n\nBEGIN [WORK]\nCOMMIT [WORK] [AND [NO] CHAIN] [[NO] RELEASE]\nROLLBACK [WORK] [AND [NO] CHAIN] [[NO] RELEASE]\nSET autocommit = {0 | 1}\n\nThese statements provide control over use of transactions:\n\no START TRANSACTION or BEGIN start a new transaction.\n\no COMMIT commits the current transaction, making its changes permanent.\n\no ROLLBACK rolls back the current transaction, canceling its changes.\n\no SET autocommit disables or enables the default autocommit mode for\n  the current session.\n\nBy default, MySQL runs with autocommit mode enabled. This means that,\nwhen not otherwise inside a transaction, each statement is atomic, as\nif it were surrounded by START TRANSACTION and COMMIT. You cannot use\nROLLBACK to undo the effect; however, if an error occurs during\nstatement execution, the statement is rolled back.\n\nTo disable autocommit mode implicitly for a single series of\nstatements, use the START TRANSACTION statement:\n\nSTART TRANSACTION;\nSELECT @A:=SUM(salary) FROM table1 WHERE type=1;\nUPDATE table2 SET summary=@A WHERE type=1;\nCOMMIT;\n\nWith START TRANSACTION, autocommit remains disabled until you end the\ntransaction with COMMIT or ROLLBACK. The autocommit mode then reverts\nto its previous state.\n\nSTART TRANSACTION permits several modifiers that control transaction\ncharacteristics. To specify multiple modifiers, separate them by\ncommas.\n\no The WITH CONSISTENT SNAPSHOT modifier starts a consistent read for\n  storage engines that are capable of it. This applies only to InnoDB.\n  The effect is the same as issuing a START TRANSACTION followed by a\n  SELECT from any InnoDB table. See\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/innodb-consistent-read.html.\n  The WITH CONSISTENT SNAPSHOT modifier does not change the current\n  transaction isolation level, so it provides a consistent snapshot\n  only if the current isolation level is one that permits a consistent\n  read. The only isolation level that permits a consistent read is\n  REPEATABLE READ. For all other isolation levels, the WITH CONSISTENT\n  SNAPSHOT clause is ignored. A warning is generated when the WITH\n  CONSISTENT SNAPSHOT clause is ignored.\n\no The READ WRITE and READ ONLY modifiers set the transaction access\n  mode. They permit or prohibit changes to tables used in the\n  transaction. The READ ONLY restriction prevents the transaction from\n  modifying or locking both transactional and nontransactional tables\n  that are visible to other transactions; the transaction can still\n  modify or lock temporary tables.\n\n  MySQL enables extra optimizations for queries on InnoDB tables when\n  the transaction is known to be read-only. Specifying READ ONLY\n  ensures these optimizations are applied in cases where the read-only\n  status cannot be determined automatically. See\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/innodb-performance-ro-txn.htm\n  l for more information.\n\n  If no access mode is specified, the default mode applies. Unless the\n  default has been changed, it is read/write. It is not permitted to\n  specify both READ WRITE and READ ONLY in the same statement.\n\n  In read-only mode, it remains possible to change tables created with\n  the TEMPORARY keyword using DML statements. Changes made with DDL\n  statements are not permitted, just as with permanent tables.\n\n  For additional information about transaction access mode, including\n  ways to change the default mode, see [HELP SET TRANSACTION].\n\n  If the read_only system variable is enabled, explicitly starting a\n  transaction with START TRANSACTION READ WRITE requires the\n  CONNECTION_ADMIN or SUPER privilege.\n\n*Important*:\n\nMany APIs used for writing MySQL client applications (such as JDBC)\nprovide their own methods for starting transactions that can (and\nsometimes should) be used instead of sending a START TRANSACTION\nstatement from the client. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/connectors-apis.html, or the\ndocumentation for your API, for more information.\n\nTo disable autocommit mode explicitly, use the following statement:\n\nSET autocommit=0;\n\nAfter disabling autocommit mode by setting the autocommit variable to\nzero, changes to transaction-safe tables (such as those for InnoDB or\nNDB) are not made permanent immediately. You must use COMMIT to store\nyour changes to disk or ROLLBACK to ignore the changes.\n\nautocommit is a session variable and must be set for each session. To\ndisable autocommit mode for each new connection, see the description of\nthe autocommit system variable at\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-system-variables.html.\n\nBEGIN and BEGIN WORK are supported as aliases of START TRANSACTION for\ninitiating a transaction. START TRANSACTION is standard SQL syntax, is\nthe recommended way to start an ad-hoc transaction, and permits\nmodifiers that BEGIN does not.\n\nThe BEGIN statement differs from the use of the BEGIN keyword that\nstarts a BEGIN ... END compound statement. The latter does not begin a\ntransaction. See [HELP BEGIN END].\n\n*Note*:\n\nWithin all stored programs (stored procedures and functions, triggers,\nand events), the parser treats BEGIN [WORK] as the beginning of a BEGIN\n... END block. Begin a transaction in this context with START\nTRANSACTION instead.\n\nThe optional WORK keyword is supported for COMMIT and ROLLBACK, as are\nthe CHAIN and RELEASE clauses. CHAIN and RELEASE can be used for\nadditional control over transaction completion. The value of the\ncompletion_type system variable determines the default completion\nbehavior. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-system-variables.html.\n\nThe AND CHAIN clause causes a new transaction to begin as soon as the\ncurrent one ends, and the new transaction has the same isolation level\nas the just-terminated transaction. The new transaction also uses the\nsame access mode (READ WRITE or READ ONLY) as the just-terminated\ntransaction. The RELEASE clause causes the server to disconnect the\ncurrent client session after terminating the current transaction.\nIncluding the NO keyword suppresses CHAIN or RELEASE completion, which\ncan be useful if the completion_type system variable is set to cause\nchaining or release completion by default.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/commit.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/commit.html'),(555,'BEGIN',35,'Syntax:\nSTART TRANSACTION\n    [transaction_characteristic [, transaction_characteristic] ...]\n\ntransaction_characteristic: {\n    WITH CONSISTENT SNAPSHOT\n  | READ WRITE\n  | READ ONLY\n}\n\nBEGIN [WORK]\nCOMMIT [WORK] [AND [NO] CHAIN] [[NO] RELEASE]\nROLLBACK [WORK] [AND [NO] CHAIN] [[NO] RELEASE]\nSET autocommit = {0 | 1}\n\nThese statements provide control over use of transactions:\n\no START TRANSACTION or BEGIN start a new transaction.\n\no COMMIT commits the current transaction, making its changes permanent.\n\no ROLLBACK rolls back the current transaction, canceling its changes.\n\no SET autocommit disables or enables the default autocommit mode for\n  the current session.\n\nBy default, MySQL runs with autocommit mode enabled. This means that,\nwhen not otherwise inside a transaction, each statement is atomic, as\nif it were surrounded by START TRANSACTION and COMMIT. You cannot use\nROLLBACK to undo the effect; however, if an error occurs during\nstatement execution, the statement is rolled back.\n\nTo disable autocommit mode implicitly for a single series of\nstatements, use the START TRANSACTION statement:\n\nSTART TRANSACTION;\nSELECT @A:=SUM(salary) FROM table1 WHERE type=1;\nUPDATE table2 SET summary=@A WHERE type=1;\nCOMMIT;\n\nWith START TRANSACTION, autocommit remains disabled until you end the\ntransaction with COMMIT or ROLLBACK. The autocommit mode then reverts\nto its previous state.\n\nSTART TRANSACTION permits several modifiers that control transaction\ncharacteristics. To specify multiple modifiers, separate them by\ncommas.\n\no The WITH CONSISTENT SNAPSHOT modifier starts a consistent read for\n  storage engines that are capable of it. This applies only to InnoDB.\n  The effect is the same as issuing a START TRANSACTION followed by a\n  SELECT from any InnoDB table. See\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/innodb-consistent-read.html.\n  The WITH CONSISTENT SNAPSHOT modifier does not change the current\n  transaction isolation level, so it provides a consistent snapshot\n  only if the current isolation level is one that permits a consistent\n  read. The only isolation level that permits a consistent read is\n  REPEATABLE READ. For all other isolation levels, the WITH CONSISTENT\n  SNAPSHOT clause is ignored. A warning is generated when the WITH\n  CONSISTENT SNAPSHOT clause is ignored.\n\no The READ WRITE and READ ONLY modifiers set the transaction access\n  mode. They permit or prohibit changes to tables used in the\n  transaction. The READ ONLY restriction prevents the transaction from\n  modifying or locking both transactional and nontransactional tables\n  that are visible to other transactions; the transaction can still\n  modify or lock temporary tables.\n\n  MySQL enables extra optimizations for queries on InnoDB tables when\n  the transaction is known to be read-only. Specifying READ ONLY\n  ensures these optimizations are applied in cases where the read-only\n  status cannot be determined automatically. See\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/innodb-performance-ro-txn.htm\n  l for more information.\n\n  If no access mode is specified, the default mode applies. Unless the\n  default has been changed, it is read/write. It is not permitted to\n  specify both READ WRITE and READ ONLY in the same statement.\n\n  In read-only mode, it remains possible to change tables created with\n  the TEMPORARY keyword using DML statements. Changes made with DDL\n  statements are not permitted, just as with permanent tables.\n\n  For additional information about transaction access mode, including\n  ways to change the default mode, see [HELP SET TRANSACTION].\n\n  If the read_only system variable is enabled, explicitly starting a\n  transaction with START TRANSACTION READ WRITE requires the\n  CONNECTION_ADMIN or SUPER privilege.\n\n*Important*:\n\nMany APIs used for writing MySQL client applications (such as JDBC)\nprovide their own methods for starting transactions that can (and\nsometimes should) be used instead of sending a START TRANSACTION\nstatement from the client. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/connectors-apis.html, or the\ndocumentation for your API, for more information.\n\nTo disable autocommit mode explicitly, use the following statement:\n\nSET autocommit=0;\n\nAfter disabling autocommit mode by setting the autocommit variable to\nzero, changes to transaction-safe tables (such as those for InnoDB or\nNDB) are not made permanent immediately. You must use COMMIT to store\nyour changes to disk or ROLLBACK to ignore the changes.\n\nautocommit is a session variable and must be set for each session. To\ndisable autocommit mode for each new connection, see the description of\nthe autocommit system variable at\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-system-variables.html.\n\nBEGIN and BEGIN WORK are supported as aliases of START TRANSACTION for\ninitiating a transaction. START TRANSACTION is standard SQL syntax, is\nthe recommended way to start an ad-hoc transaction, and permits\nmodifiers that BEGIN does not.\n\nThe BEGIN statement differs from the use of the BEGIN keyword that\nstarts a BEGIN ... END compound statement. The latter does not begin a\ntransaction. See [HELP BEGIN END].\n\n*Note*:\n\nWithin all stored programs (stored procedures and functions, triggers,\nand events), the parser treats BEGIN [WORK] as the beginning of a BEGIN\n... END block. Begin a transaction in this context with START\nTRANSACTION instead.\n\nThe optional WORK keyword is supported for COMMIT and ROLLBACK, as are\nthe CHAIN and RELEASE clauses. CHAIN and RELEASE can be used for\nadditional control over transaction completion. The value of the\ncompletion_type system variable determines the default completion\nbehavior. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-system-variables.html.\n\nThe AND CHAIN clause causes a new transaction to begin as soon as the\ncurrent one ends, and the new transaction has the same isolation level\nas the just-terminated transaction. The new transaction also uses the\nsame access mode (READ WRITE or READ ONLY) as the just-terminated\ntransaction. The RELEASE clause causes the server to disconnect the\ncurrent client session after terminating the current transaction.\nIncluding the NO keyword suppresses CHAIN or RELEASE completion, which\ncan be useful if the completion_type system variable is set to cause\nchaining or release completion by default.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/commit.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/commit.html'),(556,'COMMIT',35,'Syntax:\nSTART TRANSACTION\n    [transaction_characteristic [, transaction_characteristic] ...]\n\ntransaction_characteristic: {\n    WITH CONSISTENT SNAPSHOT\n  | READ WRITE\n  | READ ONLY\n}\n\nBEGIN [WORK]\nCOMMIT [WORK] [AND [NO] CHAIN] [[NO] RELEASE]\nROLLBACK [WORK] [AND [NO] CHAIN] [[NO] RELEASE]\nSET autocommit = {0 | 1}\n\nThese statements provide control over use of transactions:\n\no START TRANSACTION or BEGIN start a new transaction.\n\no COMMIT commits the current transaction, making its changes permanent.\n\no ROLLBACK rolls back the current transaction, canceling its changes.\n\no SET autocommit disables or enables the default autocommit mode for\n  the current session.\n\nBy default, MySQL runs with autocommit mode enabled. This means that,\nwhen not otherwise inside a transaction, each statement is atomic, as\nif it were surrounded by START TRANSACTION and COMMIT. You cannot use\nROLLBACK to undo the effect; however, if an error occurs during\nstatement execution, the statement is rolled back.\n\nTo disable autocommit mode implicitly for a single series of\nstatements, use the START TRANSACTION statement:\n\nSTART TRANSACTION;\nSELECT @A:=SUM(salary) FROM table1 WHERE type=1;\nUPDATE table2 SET summary=@A WHERE type=1;\nCOMMIT;\n\nWith START TRANSACTION, autocommit remains disabled until you end the\ntransaction with COMMIT or ROLLBACK. The autocommit mode then reverts\nto its previous state.\n\nSTART TRANSACTION permits several modifiers that control transaction\ncharacteristics. To specify multiple modifiers, separate them by\ncommas.\n\no The WITH CONSISTENT SNAPSHOT modifier starts a consistent read for\n  storage engines that are capable of it. This applies only to InnoDB.\n  The effect is the same as issuing a START TRANSACTION followed by a\n  SELECT from any InnoDB table. See\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/innodb-consistent-read.html.\n  The WITH CONSISTENT SNAPSHOT modifier does not change the current\n  transaction isolation level, so it provides a consistent snapshot\n  only if the current isolation level is one that permits a consistent\n  read. The only isolation level that permits a consistent read is\n  REPEATABLE READ. For all other isolation levels, the WITH CONSISTENT\n  SNAPSHOT clause is ignored. A warning is generated when the WITH\n  CONSISTENT SNAPSHOT clause is ignored.\n\no The READ WRITE and READ ONLY modifiers set the transaction access\n  mode. They permit or prohibit changes to tables used in the\n  transaction. The READ ONLY restriction prevents the transaction from\n  modifying or locking both transactional and nontransactional tables\n  that are visible to other transactions; the transaction can still\n  modify or lock temporary tables.\n\n  MySQL enables extra optimizations for queries on InnoDB tables when\n  the transaction is known to be read-only. Specifying READ ONLY\n  ensures these optimizations are applied in cases where the read-only\n  status cannot be determined automatically. See\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/innodb-performance-ro-txn.htm\n  l for more information.\n\n  If no access mode is specified, the default mode applies. Unless the\n  default has been changed, it is read/write. It is not permitted to\n  specify both READ WRITE and READ ONLY in the same statement.\n\n  In read-only mode, it remains possible to change tables created with\n  the TEMPORARY keyword using DML statements. Changes made with DDL\n  statements are not permitted, just as with permanent tables.\n\n  For additional information about transaction access mode, including\n  ways to change the default mode, see [HELP SET TRANSACTION].\n\n  If the read_only system variable is enabled, explicitly starting a\n  transaction with START TRANSACTION READ WRITE requires the\n  CONNECTION_ADMIN or SUPER privilege.\n\n*Important*:\n\nMany APIs used for writing MySQL client applications (such as JDBC)\nprovide their own methods for starting transactions that can (and\nsometimes should) be used instead of sending a START TRANSACTION\nstatement from the client. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/connectors-apis.html, or the\ndocumentation for your API, for more information.\n\nTo disable autocommit mode explicitly, use the following statement:\n\nSET autocommit=0;\n\nAfter disabling autocommit mode by setting the autocommit variable to\nzero, changes to transaction-safe tables (such as those for InnoDB or\nNDB) are not made permanent immediately. You must use COMMIT to store\nyour changes to disk or ROLLBACK to ignore the changes.\n\nautocommit is a session variable and must be set for each session. To\ndisable autocommit mode for each new connection, see the description of\nthe autocommit system variable at\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-system-variables.html.\n\nBEGIN and BEGIN WORK are supported as aliases of START TRANSACTION for\ninitiating a transaction. START TRANSACTION is standard SQL syntax, is\nthe recommended way to start an ad-hoc transaction, and permits\nmodifiers that BEGIN does not.\n\nThe BEGIN statement differs from the use of the BEGIN keyword that\nstarts a BEGIN ... END compound statement. The latter does not begin a\ntransaction. See [HELP BEGIN END].\n\n*Note*:\n\nWithin all stored programs (stored procedures and functions, triggers,\nand events), the parser treats BEGIN [WORK] as the beginning of a BEGIN\n... END block. Begin a transaction in this context with START\nTRANSACTION instead.\n\nThe optional WORK keyword is supported for COMMIT and ROLLBACK, as are\nthe CHAIN and RELEASE clauses. CHAIN and RELEASE can be used for\nadditional control over transaction completion. The value of the\ncompletion_type system variable determines the default completion\nbehavior. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-system-variables.html.\n\nThe AND CHAIN clause causes a new transaction to begin as soon as the\ncurrent one ends, and the new transaction has the same isolation level\nas the just-terminated transaction. The new transaction also uses the\nsame access mode (READ WRITE or READ ONLY) as the just-terminated\ntransaction. The RELEASE clause causes the server to disconnect the\ncurrent client session after terminating the current transaction.\nIncluding the NO keyword suppresses CHAIN or RELEASE completion, which\ncan be useful if the completion_type system variable is set to cause\nchaining or release completion by default.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/commit.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/commit.html'),(557,'ROLLBACK',35,'Syntax:\nSTART TRANSACTION\n    [transaction_characteristic [, transaction_characteristic] ...]\n\ntransaction_characteristic: {\n    WITH CONSISTENT SNAPSHOT\n  | READ WRITE\n  | READ ONLY\n}\n\nBEGIN [WORK]\nCOMMIT [WORK] [AND [NO] CHAIN] [[NO] RELEASE]\nROLLBACK [WORK] [AND [NO] CHAIN] [[NO] RELEASE]\nSET autocommit = {0 | 1}\n\nThese statements provide control over use of transactions:\n\no START TRANSACTION or BEGIN start a new transaction.\n\no COMMIT commits the current transaction, making its changes permanent.\n\no ROLLBACK rolls back the current transaction, canceling its changes.\n\no SET autocommit disables or enables the default autocommit mode for\n  the current session.\n\nBy default, MySQL runs with autocommit mode enabled. This means that,\nwhen not otherwise inside a transaction, each statement is atomic, as\nif it were surrounded by START TRANSACTION and COMMIT. You cannot use\nROLLBACK to undo the effect; however, if an error occurs during\nstatement execution, the statement is rolled back.\n\nTo disable autocommit mode implicitly for a single series of\nstatements, use the START TRANSACTION statement:\n\nSTART TRANSACTION;\nSELECT @A:=SUM(salary) FROM table1 WHERE type=1;\nUPDATE table2 SET summary=@A WHERE type=1;\nCOMMIT;\n\nWith START TRANSACTION, autocommit remains disabled until you end the\ntransaction with COMMIT or ROLLBACK. The autocommit mode then reverts\nto its previous state.\n\nSTART TRANSACTION permits several modifiers that control transaction\ncharacteristics. To specify multiple modifiers, separate them by\ncommas.\n\no The WITH CONSISTENT SNAPSHOT modifier starts a consistent read for\n  storage engines that are capable of it. This applies only to InnoDB.\n  The effect is the same as issuing a START TRANSACTION followed by a\n  SELECT from any InnoDB table. See\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/innodb-consistent-read.html.\n  The WITH CONSISTENT SNAPSHOT modifier does not change the current\n  transaction isolation level, so it provides a consistent snapshot\n  only if the current isolation level is one that permits a consistent\n  read. The only isolation level that permits a consistent read is\n  REPEATABLE READ. For all other isolation levels, the WITH CONSISTENT\n  SNAPSHOT clause is ignored. A warning is generated when the WITH\n  CONSISTENT SNAPSHOT clause is ignored.\n\no The READ WRITE and READ ONLY modifiers set the transaction access\n  mode. They permit or prohibit changes to tables used in the\n  transaction. The READ ONLY restriction prevents the transaction from\n  modifying or locking both transactional and nontransactional tables\n  that are visible to other transactions; the transaction can still\n  modify or lock temporary tables.\n\n  MySQL enables extra optimizations for queries on InnoDB tables when\n  the transaction is known to be read-only. Specifying READ ONLY\n  ensures these optimizations are applied in cases where the read-only\n  status cannot be determined automatically. See\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/innodb-performance-ro-txn.htm\n  l for more information.\n\n  If no access mode is specified, the default mode applies. Unless the\n  default has been changed, it is read/write. It is not permitted to\n  specify both READ WRITE and READ ONLY in the same statement.\n\n  In read-only mode, it remains possible to change tables created with\n  the TEMPORARY keyword using DML statements. Changes made with DDL\n  statements are not permitted, just as with permanent tables.\n\n  For additional information about transaction access mode, including\n  ways to change the default mode, see [HELP SET TRANSACTION].\n\n  If the read_only system variable is enabled, explicitly starting a\n  transaction with START TRANSACTION READ WRITE requires the\n  CONNECTION_ADMIN or SUPER privilege.\n\n*Important*:\n\nMany APIs used for writing MySQL client applications (such as JDBC)\nprovide their own methods for starting transactions that can (and\nsometimes should) be used instead of sending a START TRANSACTION\nstatement from the client. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/connectors-apis.html, or the\ndocumentation for your API, for more information.\n\nTo disable autocommit mode explicitly, use the following statement:\n\nSET autocommit=0;\n\nAfter disabling autocommit mode by setting the autocommit variable to\nzero, changes to transaction-safe tables (such as those for InnoDB or\nNDB) are not made permanent immediately. You must use COMMIT to store\nyour changes to disk or ROLLBACK to ignore the changes.\n\nautocommit is a session variable and must be set for each session. To\ndisable autocommit mode for each new connection, see the description of\nthe autocommit system variable at\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-system-variables.html.\n\nBEGIN and BEGIN WORK are supported as aliases of START TRANSACTION for\ninitiating a transaction. START TRANSACTION is standard SQL syntax, is\nthe recommended way to start an ad-hoc transaction, and permits\nmodifiers that BEGIN does not.\n\nThe BEGIN statement differs from the use of the BEGIN keyword that\nstarts a BEGIN ... END compound statement. The latter does not begin a\ntransaction. See [HELP BEGIN END].\n\n*Note*:\n\nWithin all stored programs (stored procedures and functions, triggers,\nand events), the parser treats BEGIN [WORK] as the beginning of a BEGIN\n... END block. Begin a transaction in this context with START\nTRANSACTION instead.\n\nThe optional WORK keyword is supported for COMMIT and ROLLBACK, as are\nthe CHAIN and RELEASE clauses. CHAIN and RELEASE can be used for\nadditional control over transaction completion. The value of the\ncompletion_type system variable determines the default completion\nbehavior. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-system-variables.html.\n\nThe AND CHAIN clause causes a new transaction to begin as soon as the\ncurrent one ends, and the new transaction has the same isolation level\nas the just-terminated transaction. The new transaction also uses the\nsame access mode (READ WRITE or READ ONLY) as the just-terminated\ntransaction. The RELEASE clause causes the server to disconnect the\ncurrent client session after terminating the current transaction.\nIncluding the NO keyword suppresses CHAIN or RELEASE completion, which\ncan be useful if the completion_type system variable is set to cause\nchaining or release completion by default.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/commit.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/commit.html'),(558,'SAVEPOINT',35,'Syntax:\nSAVEPOINT identifier\nROLLBACK [WORK] TO [SAVEPOINT] identifier\nRELEASE SAVEPOINT identifier\n\nInnoDB supports the SQL statements SAVEPOINT, ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT,\nRELEASE SAVEPOINT and the optional WORK keyword for ROLLBACK.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/savepoint.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/savepoint.html'),(559,'ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT',35,'Syntax:\nSAVEPOINT identifier\nROLLBACK [WORK] TO [SAVEPOINT] identifier\nRELEASE SAVEPOINT identifier\n\nInnoDB supports the SQL statements SAVEPOINT, ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT,\nRELEASE SAVEPOINT and the optional WORK keyword for ROLLBACK.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/savepoint.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/savepoint.html'),(560,'RELEASE SAVEPOINT',35,'Syntax:\nSAVEPOINT identifier\nROLLBACK [WORK] TO [SAVEPOINT] identifier\nRELEASE SAVEPOINT identifier\n\nInnoDB supports the SQL statements SAVEPOINT, ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT,\nRELEASE SAVEPOINT and the optional WORK keyword for ROLLBACK.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/savepoint.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/savepoint.html'),(561,'LOCK INSTANCE FOR BACKUP',35,'Syntax:\nLOCK INSTANCE FOR BACKUP\n\nUNLOCK INSTANCE\n\nLOCK INSTANCE FOR BACKUP acquires an instance-level backup lock that\npermits DML during an online backup while preventing operations that\ncould result in an inconsistent snapshot.\n\nExecuting the LOCK INSTANCE FOR BACKUP statement requires the\nBACKUP_ADMIN privilege. The BACKUP_ADMIN privilege is automatically\ngranted to users with the RELOAD privilege when performing an in-place\nupgrade to MySQL 8.0 from an earlier version.\n\nMultiple sessions can hold a backup lock simultaneously.\n\nUNLOCK INSTANCE releases a backup lock held by the current session. A\nbackup lock held by a session is also released if the session is\nterminated.\n\nLOCK INSTANCE FOR BACKUP prevents files from being created, renamed, or\nremoved. REPAIR TABLE TRUNCATE TABLE, OPTIMIZE TABLE, and account\nmanagement statements are blocked. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/account-management-statements.h\ntml. Operations that modify InnoDB files that are not recorded in the\nInnoDB redo log are also blocked.\n\nLOCK INSTANCE FOR BACKUP permits DDL operations that only affect\nuser-created temporary tables. In effect, files that belong to\nuser-created temporary tables can be created, renamed, or removed while\na backup lock is held. Creation of binary log files is also permitted.\n\nA backup lock acquired by LOCK INSTANCE FOR BACKUP is independent of\ntransactional locks and locks taken by FLUSH TABLES tbl_name [,\ntbl_name] ... WITH READ LOCK, and the following sequences of statements\nare permitted:\n\nLOCK INSTANCE FOR BACKUP;\nFLUSH TABLES tbl_name [, tbl_name] ... WITH READ LOCK;\nUNLOCK TABLES;\nUNLOCK INSTANCE;\n\nFLUSH TABLES tbl_name [, tbl_name] ... WITH READ LOCK;\nLOCK INSTANCE FOR BACKUP;\nUNLOCK INSTANCE;\nUNLOCK TABLES;\n\nThe lock_wait_timeout setting defines the amount of time that a LOCK\nINSTANCE FOR BACKUP statement waits to acquire a lock before giving up.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/lock-instance-for-backup.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/lock-instance-for-backup.html'),(562,'LOCK TABLES',35,'Syntax:\nLOCK TABLES\n    tbl_name [[AS] alias] lock_type\n    [, tbl_name [[AS] alias] lock_type] ...\n\nlock_type: {\n    READ [LOCAL]\n  | [LOW_PRIORITY] WRITE\n}\n\nUNLOCK TABLES\n\nMySQL enables client sessions to acquire table locks explicitly for the\npurpose of cooperating with other sessions for access to tables, or to\nprevent other sessions from modifying tables during periods when a\nsession requires exclusive access to them. A session can acquire or\nrelease locks only for itself. One session cannot acquire locks for\nanother session or release locks held by another session.\n\nLocks may be used to emulate transactions or to get more speed when\nupdating tables. This is explained in more detail in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/lock-tables.html#lock-tables-re\nstrictions.\n\nLOCK TABLES explicitly acquires table locks for the current client\nsession. Table locks can be acquired for base tables or views. You must\nhave the LOCK TABLES privilege, and the SELECT privilege for each\nobject to be locked.\n\nFor view locking, LOCK TABLES adds all base tables used in the view to\nthe set of tables to be locked and locks them automatically. If you\nlock a table explicitly with LOCK TABLES, any tables used in triggers\nare also locked implicitly, as described in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/lock-tables.html#lock-tables-an\nd-triggers.\n\nIf you lock a table explicitly with LOCK TABLES, any tables related by\na foreign key constraint are opened and locked implicitly. For foreign\nkey checks, a shared read-only lock (LOCK TABLES READ) is taken on\nrelated tables. For cascading updates, a shared-nothing write lock\n(LOCK TABLES WRITE) is taken on related tables that are involved in the\noperation.\n\nUNLOCK TABLES explicitly releases any table locks held by the current\nsession. LOCK TABLES implicitly releases any table locks held by the\ncurrent session before acquiring new locks.\n\nAnother use for UNLOCK TABLES is to release the global read lock\nacquired with the FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK statement, which enables\nyou to lock all tables in all databases. See [HELP FLUSH]. (This is a\nvery convenient way to get backups if you have a file system such as\nVeritas that can take snapshots in time.)\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/lock-tables.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/lock-tables.html'),(563,'SET TRANSACTION',35,'Syntax:\nSET [GLOBAL | SESSION] TRANSACTION\n    transaction_characteristic [, transaction_characteristic] ...\n\ntransaction_characteristic: {\n    ISOLATION LEVEL level\n  | access_mode\n}\n\nlevel: {\n     REPEATABLE READ\n   | READ COMMITTED\n   | READ UNCOMMITTED\n   | SERIALIZABLE\n}\n\naccess_mode: {\n     READ WRITE\n   | READ ONLY\n}\n\nThis statement specifies transaction characteristics. It takes a list\nof one or more characteristic values separated by commas. Each\ncharacteristic value sets the transaction isolation level or access\nmode. The isolation level is used for operations on InnoDB tables. The\naccess mode specifies whether transactions operate in read/write or\nread-only mode.\n\nIn addition, SET TRANSACTION can include an optional GLOBAL or SESSION\nkeyword to indicate the scope of the statement.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/set-transaction.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/set-transaction.html'),(564,'XA',35,'Syntax:\nXA {START|BEGIN} xid [JOIN|RESUME]\n\nXA END xid [SUSPEND [FOR MIGRATE]]\n\nXA PREPARE xid\n\nXA COMMIT xid [ONE PHASE]\n\nXA ROLLBACK xid\n\nXA RECOVER [CONVERT XID]\n\nFor XA START, the JOIN and RESUME clauses are recognized but have no\neffect.\n\nFor XA END the SUSPEND [FOR MIGRATE] clause is recognized but has no\neffect.\n\nEach XA statement begins with the XA keyword, and most of them require\nan xid value. An xid is an XA transaction identifier. It indicates\nwhich transaction the statement applies to. xid values are supplied by\nthe client, or generated by the MySQL server. An xid value has from one\nto three parts:\n\nxid: gtrid [, bqual [, formatID ]]\n\ngtrid is a global transaction identifier, bqual is a branch qualifier,\nand formatID is a number that identifies the format used by the gtrid\nand bqual values. As indicated by the syntax, bqual and formatID are\noptional. The default bqual value is \'\' if not given. The default\nformatID value is 1 if not given.\n\ngtrid and bqual must be string literals, each up to 64 bytes (not\ncharacters) long. gtrid and bqual can be specified in several ways. You\ncan use a quoted string (\'ab\'), hex string (X\'6162\', 0x6162), or bit\nvalue (b\'nnnn\').\n\nformatID is an unsigned integer.\n\nThe gtrid and bqual values are interpreted in bytes by the MySQL\nserver\'s underlying XA support routines. However, while an SQL\nstatement containing an XA statement is being parsed, the server works\nwith some specific character set. To be safe, write gtrid and bqual as\nhex strings.\n\nxid values typically are generated by the Transaction Manager. Values\ngenerated by one TM must be different from values generated by other\nTMs. A given TM must be able to recognize its own xid values in a list\nof values returned by the XA RECOVER statement.\n\nXA START xid starts an XA transaction with the given xid value. Each XA\ntransaction must have a unique xid value, so the value must not\ncurrently be used by another XA transaction. Uniqueness is assessed\nusing the gtrid and bqual values. All following XA statements for the\nXA transaction must be specified using the same xid value as that given\nin the XA START statement. If you use any of those statements but\nspecify an xid value that does not correspond to some existing XA\ntransaction, an error occurs.\n\nOne or more XA transactions can be part of the same global transaction.\nAll XA transactions within a given global transaction must use the same\ngtrid value in the xid value. For this reason, gtrid values must be\nglobally unique so that there is no ambiguity about which global\ntransaction a given XA transaction is part of. The bqual part of the\nxid value must be different for each XA transaction within a global\ntransaction. (The requirement that bqual values be different is a\nlimitation of the current MySQL XA implementation. It is not part of\nthe XA specification.)\n\nThe XA RECOVER statement returns information for those XA transactions\non the MySQL server that are in the PREPARED state. (See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/xa-states.html.) The output\nincludes a row for each such XA transaction on the server, regardless\nof which client started it.\n\nXA RECOVER requires the XA_RECOVER_ADMIN privilege. This privilege\nrequirement prevents users from discovering the XID values for\noutstanding prepared XA transactions other than their own. It does not\naffect normal commit or rollback of an XA transaction because the user\nwho started it knows its XID.\n\nXA RECOVER output rows look like this (for an example xid value\nconsisting of the parts \'abc\', \'def\', and 7):\n\nmysql> XA RECOVER;\n+----------+--------------+--------------+--------+\n| formatID | gtrid_length | bqual_length | data   |\n+----------+--------------+--------------+--------+\n|        7 |            3 |            3 | abcdef |\n+----------+--------------+--------------+--------+\n\nThe output columns have the following meanings:\n\no formatID is the formatID part of the transaction xid\n\no gtrid_length is the length in bytes of the gtrid part of the xid\n\no bqual_length is the length in bytes of the bqual part of the xid\n\no data is the concatenation of the gtrid and bqual parts of the xid\n\nXID values may contain nonprintable characters. XA RECOVER permits an\noptional CONVERT XID clause so that clients can request XID values in\nhexadecimal.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/xa-statements.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/xa-statements.html'),(565,'PURGE BINARY LOGS',35,'Syntax:\nPURGE { BINARY | MASTER } LOGS {\n    TO \'log_name\'\n  | BEFORE datetime_expr\n}\n\nThe binary log is a set of files that contain information about data\nmodifications made by the MySQL server. The log consists of a set of\nbinary log files, plus an index file (see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/binary-log.html).\n\nThe PURGE BINARY LOGS statement deletes all the binary log files listed\nin the log index file prior to the specified log file name or date.\nBINARY and MASTER are synonyms. Deleted log files also are removed from\nthe list recorded in the index file, so that the given log file becomes\nthe first in the list.\n\nPURGE BINARY LOGS requires the BINLOG_ADMIN privilege. This statement\nhas no effect if the server was not started with the --log-bin option\nto enable binary logging.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/purge-binary-logs.html\n\n','PURGE BINARY LOGS TO \'mysql-bin.010\';\nPURGE BINARY LOGS BEFORE \'2019-04-02 22:46:26\';\n','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/purge-binary-logs.html'),(566,'PURGE MASTER LOGS',35,'Syntax:\nPURGE { BINARY | MASTER } LOGS {\n    TO \'log_name\'\n  | BEFORE datetime_expr\n}\n\nThe binary log is a set of files that contain information about data\nmodifications made by the MySQL server. The log consists of a set of\nbinary log files, plus an index file (see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/binary-log.html).\n\nThe PURGE BINARY LOGS statement deletes all the binary log files listed\nin the log index file prior to the specified log file name or date.\nBINARY and MASTER are synonyms. Deleted log files also are removed from\nthe list recorded in the index file, so that the given log file becomes\nthe first in the list.\n\nPURGE BINARY LOGS requires the BINLOG_ADMIN privilege. This statement\nhas no effect if the server was not started with the --log-bin option\nto enable binary logging.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/purge-binary-logs.html\n\n','PURGE BINARY LOGS TO \'mysql-bin.010\';\nPURGE BINARY LOGS BEFORE \'2019-04-02 22:46:26\';\n','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/purge-binary-logs.html'),(567,'RESET MASTER',35,'Syntax:\nRESET MASTER [TO binary_log_file_index_number]\n\n*Warning*:\n\nUse this statement with caution to ensure you do not lose any wanted\nbinary log file data and GTID execution history.\n\nRESET MASTER requires the RELOAD privilege.\n\nFor a server where binary logging is enabled (log_bin is ON), RESET\nMASTER deletes all existing binary log files and resets the binary log\nindex file, resetting the server to its state before binary logging was\nstarted. A new empty binary log file is created so that binary logging\ncan be restarted.\n\nFor a server where GTIDs are in use (gtid_mode is ON), issuing RESET\nMASTER resets the GTID execution history. The value of the gtid_purged\nsystem variable is set to an empty string (\'\'), the global value (but\nnot the session value) of the gtid_executed system variable is set to\nan empty string, and the mysql.gtid_executed table is cleared (see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/replication-gtids-concepts.html\n#replication-gtids-gtid-executed-table). If the GTID-enabled server has\nbinary logging enabled, RESET MASTER also resets the binary log as\ndescribed above. Note that RESET MASTER is the method to reset the GTID\nexecution history even if the GTID-enabled server is a replication\nslave where binary logging is disabled; RESET SLAVE has no effect on\nthe GTID execution history. For more information on resetting the GTID\nexecution history, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/replication-gtids-lifecycle.htm\nl#replication-gtids-execution-history.\n\nIssuing RESET MASTER without the optional TO clause deletes all binary\nlog files listed in the index file, resets the binary log index file to\nbe empty, and creates a new binary log file starting at 1. Use the\noptional TO clause to start the binary log file index from a number\nother than 1 after the reset.\n\nUsing RESET MASTER with the TO clause to specify a binary log file\nindex number to start from simplifies failover by providing a single\nstatement alternative to the FLUSH BINARY LOGS and PURGE BINARY LOGS TO\nstatements. Check that you are using a reasonable value for the index\nnumber. If you enter an incorrect value, you can correct this by\nissuing another RESET MASTER statement with or without the TO clause.\nIf you do not correct a value that is out of range, the server cannot\nbe restarted.\n\nThe following example demonstrates TO clause usage:\n\nRESET MASTER TO 1234;\n\nSHOW BINARY LOGS;\n+-------------------+-----------+-----------+\n| Log_name          | File_size | Encrypted |\n+-------------------+-----------+-----------+\n| master-bin.001234 |       154 | No        |\n+-------------------+-----------+-----------+\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/reset-master.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/reset-master.html'),(568,'SET SQL_LOG_BIN',35,'Syntax:\nSET sql_log_bin = {OFF|ON}\n\nThe sql_log_bin variable controls whether logging to the binary log is\nenabled for the current session (assuming that the binary log itself is\nenabled). The default value is ON. To disable or enable binary logging\nfor the current session, set the session sql_log_bin variable to OFF or\nON.\n\nSet this variable to OFF for a session to temporarily disable binary\nlogging while making changes to the master you do not want replicated\nto the slave.\n\nSetting the session value of this system variable is a restricted\noperation. The session user must have privileges sufficient to set\nrestricted session variables. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/system-variable-privileges.html\n.\n\nIt is not possible to set the session value of sql_log_bin within a\ntransaction or subquery.\n\nSetting this variable to OFF prevents new GTIDs from being assigned to\ntransactions in the binary log. If you are using GTIDs for replication,\nthis means that even when binary logging is later enabled again, the\nGTIDs written into the log from this point do not account for any\ntransactions that occurred in the meantime, so in effect those\ntransactions are lost.\n\nmysqldump adds a SET @@SESSION.sql_log_bin=0 statement to a dump file\nfrom a server where GTIDs are in use, which disables binary logging\nwhile the dump file is being reloaded. The statement prevents new GTIDs\nfrom being generated and assigned to the transactions in the dump file\nas they are executed, so that the original GTIDs for the transactions\nare used.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/set-sql-log-bin.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/set-sql-log-bin.html'),(569,'CHANGE MASTER TO',35,'Syntax:\nCHANGE MASTER TO option [, option] ... [ channel_option ]\n\noption:\n    MASTER_BIND = \'interface_name\'\n  | MASTER_HOST = \'host_name\'\n  | MASTER_USER = \'user_name\'\n  | MASTER_PASSWORD = \'password\'\n  | MASTER_PORT = port_num\n  | PRIVILEGE_CHECKS_USER = {\'account\' | NULL}\n  | MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY = interval\n  | MASTER_RETRY_COUNT = count\n  | MASTER_DELAY = interval\n  | MASTER_HEARTBEAT_PERIOD = interval\n  | MASTER_LOG_FILE = \'master_log_name\'\n  | MASTER_LOG_POS = master_log_pos\n  | MASTER_AUTO_POSITION = {0|1}\n  | RELAY_LOG_FILE = \'relay_log_name\'\n  | RELAY_LOG_POS = relay_log_pos\n  | MASTER_COMPRESSION_ALGORITHMS = \'value\'\n  | MASTER_ZSTD_COMPRESSION_LEVEL = level\n  | MASTER_SSL = {0|1}\n  | MASTER_SSL_CA = \'ca_file_name\'\n  | MASTER_SSL_CAPATH = \'ca_directory_name\'\n  | MASTER_SSL_CERT = \'cert_file_name\'\n  | MASTER_SSL_CRL = \'crl_file_name\'\n  | MASTER_SSL_CRLPATH = \'crl_directory_name\'\n  | MASTER_SSL_KEY = \'key_file_name\'\n  | MASTER_SSL_CIPHER = \'cipher_list\'\n  | MASTER_SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT = {0|1}\n  | MASTER_TLS_VERSION = \'protocol_list\'\n  | MASTER_PUBLIC_KEY_PATH = \'key_file_name\'\n  | GET_MASTER_PUBLIC_KEY = {0|1}\n  | IGNORE_SERVER_IDS = (server_id_list)\n\nchannel_option:\n    FOR CHANNEL channel\n\nserver_id_list:\n    [server_id [, server_id] ... ]\n\nCHANGE MASTER TO changes the parameters that the slave server uses for\nconnecting to the master server, for reading the master binary log, and\nreading the slave relay log. It also updates the contents of the master\ninfo and relay log info repositories (see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/slave-logs.html). CHANGE MASTER\nTO requires the REPLICATION_SLAVE_ADMIN or SUPER privilege.\n\nYou can issue CHANGE MASTER TO statements on a running slave without\nfirst stopping it, depending on the states of the slave SQL thread and\nslave I/O thread. The rules governing such use are provided later in\nthis section.\n\nWhen using a multithreaded slave (in other words slave_parallel_workers\nis greater than 0), stopping the slave can cause \"gaps\" in the sequence\nof transactions that have been executed from the relay log, regardless\nof whether the slave was stopped intentionally or otherwise. When such\ngaps exist, issuing CHANGE MASTER TO fails. The solution in this\nsituation is to issue START SLAVE UNTIL SQL_AFTER_MTS_GAPS which\nensures that the gaps are closed.\n\nThe optional FOR CHANNEL channel clause enables you to name which\nreplication channel the statement applies to. Providing a FOR CHANNEL\nchannel clause applies the CHANGE MASTER TO statement to a specific\nreplication channel, and is used to add a new channel or modify an\nexisting channel. For example, to add a new channel called channel2:\n\nCHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=host1, MASTER_PORT=3002 FOR CHANNEL \'channel2\'\n\nIf no clause is named and no extra channels exist, the statement\napplies to the default channel.\n\nWhen using multiple replication channels, if a CHANGE MASTER TO\nstatement does not name a channel using a FOR CHANNEL channel clause,\nan error occurs. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/replication-channels.html for\nmore information.\n\nOptions not specified retain their value, except as indicated in the\nfollowing discussion. Thus, in most cases, there is no need to specify\noptions that do not change.\n\nMASTER_HOST, MASTER_USER, MASTER_PASSWORD, and MASTER_PORT provide\ninformation to the slave about how to connect to its master:\n\no MASTER_HOST and MASTER_PORT are the host name (or IP address) of the\n  master host and its TCP/IP port.\n\n  *Note*:\n\n  Replication cannot use Unix socket files. You must be able to connect\n  to the master MySQL server using TCP/IP.\n\n  If you specify the MASTER_HOST or MASTER_PORT option, the slave\n  assumes that the master server is different from before (even if the\n  option value is the same as its current value.) In this case, the old\n  values for the master binary log file name and position are\n  considered no longer applicable, so if you do not specify\n  MASTER_LOG_FILE and MASTER_LOG_POS in the statement,\n  MASTER_LOG_FILE=\'\' and MASTER_LOG_POS=4 are silently appended to it.\n\n  Setting MASTER_HOST=\'\' (that is, setting its value explicitly to an\n  empty string) is not the same as not setting MASTER_HOST at all.\n  Trying to set MASTER_HOST to an empty string fails with an error.\n\n  Values used for MASTER_HOST and other CHANGE MASTER TO options are\n  checked for linefeed (\\n or 0x0A) characters; the presence of such\n  characters in these values causes the statement to fail with\n  ER_MASTER_INFO. (Bug #11758581, Bug #50801)\n\no MASTER_USER and MASTER_PASSWORD are the user name and password of the\n  account to use for connecting to the master.\n\n  MASTER_USER cannot be made empty; setting MASTER_USER = \'\' or leaving\n  it unset when setting a value for MASTER_PASSWORD causes an error\n  (Bug #13427949).\n\n  The password used for a MySQL Replication slave account in a CHANGE\n  MASTER TO statement is limited to 32 characters in length; trying to\n  use a password of more than 32 characters causes CHANGE MASTER TO to\n  fail.\n\n  The text of a running CHANGE MASTER TO statement, including values\n  for MASTER_USER and MASTER_PASSWORD, can be seen in the output of a\n  concurrent SHOW PROCESSLIST statement. (The complete text of a START\n  SLAVE statement is also visible to SHOW PROCESSLIST.)\n\nPRIVILEGE_CHECKS_USER (available as of MySQL 8.0.18) names a user\naccount that supplies a security context for the specified channel.\nNULL, which is the default, means no security context is used. If you\ndo not specify a channel and no other channels exist, the statement is\napplied to the default channel. For example, to start privilege checks\non the channel channel_1 on a running replication slave, issue the\nfollowing statements:\n\nmysql> STOP SLAVE FOR CHANNEL \'channel_1\';\nmysql> CHANGE MASTER TO PRIVILEGE_CHECKS_USER = \'priv_repl\'@\'%.example.com\' FOR CHANNEL \'channel_1\'; \nmysql> START SLAVE FOR CHANNEL \'channel_1\';\n\nThe user name and host name for the user account must follow the syntax\ndescribed in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/account-names.html, and the\nuser must not be an anonymous user (with a blank user name) or the\nCURRENT_USER. The account must have the REPLICATION_APPLIER privilege,\nplus the required privileges to execute the transactions replicated on\nthe channel. When you restart the replication channel, the privilege\nchecks are applied from that point on. For more information, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/replication-privilege-checks.ht\nml.\n\nMASTER_COMPRESSION_ALGORITHMS and MASTER_ZSTD_COMPRESSION_LEVEL\n(available as of MySQL 8.0.18) enable control over the use of\ncompression for connections to the master:\n\no MASTER_COMPRESSION_ALGORITHMS specifies the permitted compression\n  algorithms. The available algorithms are the same as for the\n  protocol_compression_algorithms system variable. The default value is\n  uncompressed.\n\n  The value of MASTER_COMPRESSION_ALGORITHMS applies only if the\n  slave_compressed_protocol system variable is disabled. If\n  slave_compressed_protocol is enabled, it takes precedence over\n  MASTER_COMPRESSION_ALGORITHMS and connections to the master use zlib\n  compression if both master and slave support that algorithm.\n\no MASTER_ZSTD_COMPRESSION_LEVEL is the compression level to use for\n  connections that use the zstd compression algorithm. The permitted\n  levels are from 1 to 22, with larger values indicating increasing\n  levels of compression. The default zstd compression level is 3. The\n  compression level setting has no effect on connections that do not\n  use zstd compression.\n\nFor more information, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/connection-compression-control.\nhtml.\n\nThe MASTER_SSL_xxx options and the MASTER_TLS_VERSION option specify\nhow the slave uses encryption and ciphers to secure the replication\nconnection. These options can be changed even on slaves that are\ncompiled without SSL support. They are saved to the master info\nrepository, but are ignored if the slave does not have SSL support\nenabled. The MASTER_SSL_xxx and MASTER_TLS_VERSION options perform the\nsame functions as the --ssl-xxx and --tls-version client options\ndescribed in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/connection-options.html#encrypt\ned-connection-options. The correspondence between the two sets of\noptions, and the use of the MASTER_SSL_xxx and MASTER_TLS_VERSION\noptions to set up a secure connection, is explained in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/replication-solutions-encrypted\n-connections.html.\n\n*Important*:\n\nTo connect to the replication master using a user account that\nauthenticates with the caching_sha2_password plugin, you must either\nset up a secure connection as described in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/replication-solutions-encrypted\n-connections.html, or enable the unencrypted connection to support\npassword exchange using an RSA key pair. The caching_sha2_password\nauthentication plugin is the default for new users created from MySQL\n8.0 (for details, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/caching-sha2-pluggable-authenti\ncation.html). If the user account that you create or use for\nreplication (as specified by the MASTER_USER option) uses this\nauthentication plugin, and you are not using a secure connection, you\nmust enable RSA key pair-based password exchange for a successful\nconnection.\n\nTo enable RSA key pair-based password exchange, specify either the\nMASTER_PUBLIC_KEY_PATH or the GET_MASTER_PUBLIC_KEY=1 option. Either of\nthese options provides the RSA public key to the slave:\n\no MASTER_PUBLIC_KEY_PATH indicates the path name to a file containing a\n  slave-side copy of the public key required by the master for RSA key\n  pair-based password exchange. The file must be in PEM format. This\n  option applies to slaves that authenticate with the sha256_password\n  or caching_sha2_password authentication plugin. (For sha256_password,\n  MASTER_PUBLIC_KEY_PATH can be used only if MySQL was built using\n  OpenSSL.)\n\no GET_MASTER_PUBLIC_KEY indicates whether to request from the master\n  the public key required for RSA key pair-based password exchange.\n  This option applies to slaves that authenticate with the\n  caching_sha2_password authentication plugin. For connections by\n  accounts that authenticate using this plugin, the master does not\n  send the public key unless requested, so it must be requested or\n  specified in the client. If MASTER_PUBLIC_KEY_PATH is given and\n  specifies a valid public key file, it takes precedence over\n  GET_MASTER_PUBLIC_KEY.\n\nThe MASTER_HEARTBEAT_PERIOD, MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY, and\nMASTER_RETRY_COUNT options control how the slave recognizes that the\nconnection to the master has been lost and makes attempts to reconnect.\n\no The slave_net_timeout system variable specifies the number of seconds\n  that the slave waits for either more data or a heartbeat signal from\n  the master, before the slave considers the connection broken, aborts\n  the read, and tries to reconnect. The default value is 60 seconds\n  (one minute).\n\no The heartbeat interval, which stops the connection timeout occurring\n  in the absence of data if the connection is still good, is controlled\n  by the MASTER_HEARTBEAT_PERIOD option. A heartbeat signal is sent to\n  the slave after that number of seconds, and the waiting period is\n  reset whenever the master\'s binary log is updated with an event.\n  Heartbeats are therefore sent by the master only if there are no\n  unsent events in the binary log file for a period longer than this.\n  The heartbeat interval interval is a decimal value having the range 0\n  to 4294967 seconds and a resolution in milliseconds; the smallest\n  nonzero value is 0.001. Setting interval to 0 disables heartbeats\n  altogether. The heartbeat interval defaults to half the value of the\n  slave_net_timeout system variable. It is recorded in the master info\n  log and shown in the replication_connection_configuration Performance\n  Schema table. Issuing RESET SLAVE resets the heartbeat interval to\n  the default value.\n\n  Note that a change to the value or default setting of\n  slave_net_timeout does not automatically change the heartbeat\n  interval, whether that has been set explicitly or is using a\n  previously calculated default. A warning is issued if you set\n  @@GLOBAL.slave_net_timeout to a value less than that of the current\n  heartbeat interval. If slave_net_timeout is changed, you must also\n  issue CHANGE MASTER TO to adjust the heartbeat interval to an\n  appropriate value so that the heartbeat signal occurs before the\n  connection timeout. If you do not do this, the heartbeat signal has\n  no effect, and if no data is received from the master, the slave can\n  make repeated reconnection attempts, creating zombie dump threads.\n\no If the slave does need to reconnect, the first retry occurs\n  immediately after the timeout. MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY specifies the\n  interval between reconnection attempts, and MASTER_RETRY_COUNT limits\n  the number of reconnection attempts. If both the default settings are\n  used, the slave waits 60 seconds between reconnection attempts\n  (MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=60), and keeps attempting to reconnect at this\n  rate for 60 days (MASTER_RETRY_COUNT=86400). These values are\n  recorded in the master info log and shown in the\n  replication_connection_configuration Performance Schema table.\n  MASTER_RETRY_COUNT supersedes the --master-retry-count server startup\n  option.\n\nMASTER_DELAY specifies how many seconds behind the master the slave\nmust lag. An event received from the master is not executed until at\nleast interval seconds later than its execution on the master. The\ndefault is 0. An error occurs if interval is not a nonnegative integer\nin the range from 0 to 231−1. For more information, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/replication-delayed.html.\n\nA CHANGE MASTER TO statement employing the MASTER_DELAY option can be\nexecuted on a running slave when the slave SQL thread is stopped.\n\nMASTER_BIND is for use on replication slaves having multiple network\ninterfaces, and determines which of the slave\'s network interfaces is\nchosen for connecting to the master.\n\nThe address configured with this option, if any, can be seen in the\nMaster_Bind column of the output from SHOW SLAVE STATUS. In the master\ninfo repository table mysql.slave_master_info, the value can be seen as\nthe Master_bind column.\n\nThe ability to bind a replication slave to a specific network interface\nis also supported by NDB Cluster.\n\nMASTER_LOG_FILE and MASTER_LOG_POS are the coordinates at which the\nslave I/O thread should begin reading from the master the next time the\nthread starts. RELAY_LOG_FILE and RELAY_LOG_POS are the coordinates at\nwhich the slave SQL thread should begin reading from the relay log the\nnext time the thread starts. If you specify either of MASTER_LOG_FILE\nor MASTER_LOG_POS, you cannot specify RELAY_LOG_FILE or RELAY_LOG_POS.\nIf you specify either of MASTER_LOG_FILE or MASTER_LOG_POS, you also\ncannot specify MASTER_AUTO_POSITION = 1 (described later in this\nsection). If neither of MASTER_LOG_FILE or MASTER_LOG_POS is specified,\nthe slave uses the last coordinates of the slave SQL thread before\nCHANGE MASTER TO was issued. This ensures that there is no\ndiscontinuity in replication, even if the slave SQL thread was late\ncompared to the slave I/O thread, when you merely want to change, say,\nthe password to use.\n\nRELAY_LOG_FILE can use either an absolute or relative path, and uses\nthe same base name as MASTER_LOG_FILE. A CHANGE MASTER TO statement\nemploying RELAY_LOG_FILE, RELAY_LOG_POS, or both options can be\nexecuted on a running slave when the slave SQL thread is stopped. Relay\nlogs are preserved if at least one of the slave SQL thread and the\nslave I/O thread is running. If both threads are stopped, all relay log\nfiles are deleted unless at least one of RELAY_LOG_FILE or\nRELAY_LOG_POS is specified. Note that the Group Replication applier\nchannel (group_replication_applier) has no I/O thread, only a SQL\nthread. For this channel, the relay logs are not preserved when the SQL\nthread is stopped.\n\nWhen MASTER_AUTO_POSITION = 1 is used with CHANGE MASTER TO, the slave\nattempts to connect to the master using the GTID-based replication\nprotocol. This option can be used with CHANGE MASTER TO only if both\nthe slave SQL and slave I/O threads are stopped. Both the slave and the\nmaster must have GTIDs enabled (GTID_MODE=ON, ON_PERMISSIVE, or\nOFF_PERMISSIVE on the slave, and GTID_MODE=ON on the master).\nAuto-positioning is used for the connection, so the coordinates\nrepresented by MASTER_LOG_FILE and MASTER_LOG_POS are not used, and the\nuse of either or both of these options together with\nMASTER_AUTO_POSITION = 1 causes an error. If multi-source replication\nis enabled on the slave, you need to set the MASTER_AUTO_POSITION = 1\noption for each applicable replication channel.\n\nWith MASTER_AUTO_POSITION = 1 set, in the initial connection handshake,\nthe slave sends a GTID set containing the transactions that it has\nalready received, committed, or both. The master responds by sending\nall transactions recorded in its binary log whose GTID is not included\nin the GTID set sent by the slave. This exchange ensures that the\nmaster only sends the transactions with a GTID that the slave has not\nalready recorded or committed. If the slave receives transactions from\nmore than one master, as in the case of a diamond topology, the\nauto-skip function ensures that the transactions are not applied twice.\nFor details of how the GTID set sent by the slave is computed, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/replication-gtids-auto-position\ning.html.\n\nIf any of the transactions that should be sent by the master have been\npurged from the master\'s binary log, or added to the set of GTIDs in\nthe gtid_purged system variable by another method, the master sends the\nerror ER_MASTER_HAS_PURGED_REQUIRED_GTIDS to the slave, and replication\ndoes not start. The GTIDs of the missing purged transactions are\nidentified and listed in the master\'s error log in the warning message\nER_FOUND_MISSING_GTIDS. Also, if during the exchange of transactions it\nis found that the slave has recorded or committed transactions with the\nmaster\'s UUID in the GTID, but the master itself has not committed\nthem, the master sends the error ER_SLAVE_HAS_MORE_GTIDS_THAN_MASTER to\nthe slave and replication does not start. For information on how to\nhandle these situations, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/replication-gtids-auto-position\ning.html.\n\nYou can see whether replication is running with auto-positioning\nenabled by checking the Performance Schema\nreplication_connection_status table or the output of SHOW SLAVE STATUS.\nDisabling the MASTER_AUTO_POSITION option again makes the slave revert\nto file-based replication, in which case you must also specify one or\nboth of the MASTER_LOG_FILE or MASTER_LOG_POS options.\n\nIGNORE_SERVER_IDS takes a comma-separated list of 0 or more server IDs.\nEvents originating from the corresponding servers are ignored, with the\nexception of log rotation and deletion events, which are still recorded\nin the relay log.\n\nIn circular replication, the originating server normally acts as the\nterminator of its own events, so that they are not applied more than\nonce. Thus, this option is useful in circular replication when one of\nthe servers in the circle is removed. Suppose that you have a circular\nreplication setup with 4 servers, having server IDs 1, 2, 3, and 4, and\nserver 3 fails. When bridging the gap by starting replication from\nserver 2 to server 4, you can include IGNORE_SERVER_IDS = (3) in the\nCHANGE MASTER TO statement that you issue on server 4 to tell it to use\nserver 2 as its master instead of server 3. Doing so causes it to\nignore and not to propagate any statements that originated with the\nserver that is no longer in use.\n\nIf IGNORE_SERVER_IDS contains the server\'s own ID and the server was\nstarted with the --replicate-same-server-id option enabled, an error\nresults.\n\n*Note*:\n\nWhen global transaction identifiers (GTIDs) are used for replication,\ntransactions that have already been applied are automatically ignored,\nso the IGNORE_SERVER_IDS function is not required and is deprecated. If\ngtid_mode=ON is set for the server, a deprecation warning is issued if\nyou include the IGNORE_SERVER_IDS option in a CHANGE MASTER TO\nstatement.\n\nThe master info repository and the output of SHOW SLAVE STATUS provide\nthe list of servers that are currently ignored. For more information,\nsee https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/slave-logs-status.html, and\n[HELP SHOW SLAVE STATUS].\n\nIf a CHANGE MASTER TO statement is issued without any IGNORE_SERVER_IDS\noption, any existing list is preserved. To clear the list of ignored\nservers, it is necessary to use the option with an empty list:\n\nCHANGE MASTER TO IGNORE_SERVER_IDS = ();\n\nRESET SLAVE ALL clears IGNORE_SERVER_IDS.\n\n*Note*:\n\nA deprecation warning is issued if SET GTID_MODE=ON is issued when any\nchannel has existing server IDs set with IGNORE_SERVER_IDS. Before\nstarting GTID-based replication, check for and clear all ignored server\nID lists on the servers involved. The SHOW_SLAVE_STATUS statement\ndisplays the list of ignored IDs, if there is one. If you do receive\nthe deprecation warning, you can still clear a list after gtid_mode=ON\nis set by issuing a CHANGE MASTER TO statement containing the\nIGNORE_SERVER_IDS option with an empty list.\n\nInvoking CHANGE MASTER TO causes the previous values for MASTER_HOST,\nMASTER_PORT, MASTER_LOG_FILE, and MASTER_LOG_POS to be written to the\nerror log, along with other information about the slave\'s state prior\nto execution.\n\nCHANGE MASTER TO causes an implicit commit of an ongoing transaction.\nSee https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/implicit-commit.html.\n\nFrom MySQL 5.7, the strict requirement to execute STOP SLAVE prior to\nissuing any CHANGE MASTER TO statement (and START SLAVE afterward) is\nremoved. Instead of depending on whether the slave is stopped, the\nbehavior of CHANGE MASTER TO depends on the states of the slave SQL\nthread and slave I/O threads; which of these threads is stopped or\nrunning now determines the options that can or cannot be used with a\nCHANGE MASTER TO statement at a given point in time. The rules for\nmaking this determination are listed here:\n\no If the SQL thread is stopped, you can execute CHANGE MASTER TO using\n  any combination that is otherwise allowed of RELAY_LOG_FILE,\n  RELAY_LOG_POS, and MASTER_DELAY options, even if the slave I/O thread\n  is running. No other options may be used with this statement when the\n  I/O thread is running.\n\no If the I/O thread is stopped, you can execute CHANGE MASTER TO using\n  any of the options for this statement (in any allowed combination)\n  except RELAY_LOG_FILE, RELAY_LOG_POS, MASTER_DELAY, or\n  MASTER_AUTO_POSITION = 1 even when the SQL thread is running.\n\no Both the SQL thread and the I/O thread must be stopped before issuing\n  a CHANGE MASTER TO statement that employs MASTER_AUTO_POSITION = 1.\n\nYou can check the current state of the slave SQL and I/O threads using\nSHOW SLAVE STATUS. Note that the Group Replication applier channel\n(group_replication_applier) has no I/O thread, only a SQL thread.\n\nFor more information, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/replication-solutions-switch.ht\nml.\n\nIf you are using statement-based replication and temporary tables, it\nis possible for a CHANGE MASTER TO statement following a STOP SLAVE\nstatement to leave behind temporary tables on the slave. A warning\n(ER_WARN_OPEN_TEMP_TABLES_MUST_BE_ZERO) is now issued whenever this\noccurs. You can avoid this in such cases by making sure that the value\nof the Slave_open_temp_tables system status variable is equal to 0\nprior to executing such a CHANGE MASTER TO statement.\n\nCHANGE MASTER TO is useful for setting up a slave when you have the\nsnapshot of the master and have recorded the master binary log\ncoordinates corresponding to the time of the snapshot. After loading\nthe snapshot into the slave to synchronize it with the master, you can\nrun CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE=\'log_name\', MASTER_LOG_POS=log_pos\non the slave to specify the coordinates at which the slave should begin\nreading the master binary log.\n\nThe following example changes the master server the slave uses and\nestablishes the master binary log coordinates from which the slave\nbegins reading. This is used when you want to set up the slave to\nreplicate the master:\n\nCHANGE MASTER TO\n  MASTER_HOST=\'master2.example.com\',\n  MASTER_USER=\'replication\',\n  MASTER_PASSWORD=\'password\',\n  MASTER_PORT=3306,\n  MASTER_LOG_FILE=\'master2-bin.001\',\n  MASTER_LOG_POS=4,\n  MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=10;\n\nThe next example shows an operation that is less frequently employed.\nIt is used when the slave has relay log files that you want it to\nexecute again for some reason. To do this, the master need not be\nreachable. You need only use CHANGE MASTER TO and start the SQL thread\n(START SLAVE SQL_THREAD):\n\nCHANGE MASTER TO\n  RELAY_LOG_FILE=\'slave-relay-bin.006\',\n  RELAY_LOG_POS=4025;\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/change-master-to.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/change-master-to.html'),(570,'CHANGE REPLICATION FILTER',35,'Syntax:\nCHANGE REPLICATION FILTER filter[, filter]\n	[, ...] [FOR CHANNEL channel]\n\nfilter:\n    REPLICATE_DO_DB = (db_list)\n  | REPLICATE_IGNORE_DB = (db_list)\n  | REPLICATE_DO_TABLE = (tbl_list)\n  | REPLICATE_IGNORE_TABLE = (tbl_list)\n  | REPLICATE_WILD_DO_TABLE = (wild_tbl_list)\n  | REPLICATE_WILD_IGNORE_TABLE = (wild_tbl_list)\n  | REPLICATE_REWRITE_DB = (db_pair_list)\n\ndb_list:\n    db_name[, db_name][, ...]\n\ntbl_list:\n    db_name.table_name[, db_name.table_name][, ...]\nwild_tbl_list:\n    \'db_pattern.table_pattern\'[, \'db_pattern.table_pattern\'][, ...]\n\ndb_pair_list:\n    (db_pair)[, (db_pair)][, ...]\n\ndb_pair:\n    from_db, to_db\n\nCHANGE REPLICATION FILTER sets one or more replication filtering rules\non the slave in the same way as starting the slave mysqld with\nreplication filtering options such as --replicate-do-db or\n--replicate-wild-ignore-table. Unlike the case with the server options,\nthis statement does not require restarting the server to take effect,\nonly that the slave SQL thread be stopped using STOP SLAVE SQL_THREAD\nfirst (and restarted with START SLAVE SQL_THREAD afterwards). CHANGE\nREPLICATION FILTER requires the REPLICATION_SLAVE_ADMIN or SUPER\nprivilege. Use the FOR CHANNEL channel clause to make a replication\nfilter specific to a replication channel, for example on a multi-source\nreplication slave. Filters applied without a specific FOR CHANNEL\nclause are considered global filters, meaning that they are applied to\nall replication channels.\n\nGlobal replication filters cannot be set on a MySQL server instance\nthat is configured for Group Replication, because filtering\ntransactions on some servers would make the group unable to reach\nagreement on a consistent state. Channel specific replication filters\ncan be set on replication channels that are not directly involved with\nGroup Replication, such as where a group member also acts as a\nreplication slave to a master that is outside the group. They cannot be\nset on the group_replication_applier or group_replication_recovery\nchannels.\n\nThe following list shows the CHANGE REPLICATION FILTER options and how\nthey relate to --replicate-* server options:\n\no REPLICATE_DO_DB: Include updates based on database name. Equivalent\n  to --replicate-do-db.\n\no REPLICATE_IGNORE_DB: Exclude updates based on database name.\n  Equivalent to --replicate-ignore-db.\n\no REPLICATE_DO_TABLE: Include updates based on table name. Equivalent\n  to --replicate-do-table.\n\no REPLICATE_IGNORE_TABLE: Exclude updates based on table name.\n  Equivalent to --replicate-ignore-table.\n\no REPLICATE_WILD_DO_TABLE: Include updates based on wildcard pattern\n  matching table name. Equivalent to --replicate-wild-do-table.\n\no REPLICATE_WILD_IGNORE_TABLE: Exclude updates based on wildcard\n  pattern matching table name. Equivalent to\n  --replicate-wild-ignore-table.\n\no REPLICATE_REWRITE_DB: Perform updates on slave after substituting new\n  name on slave for specified database on master. Equivalent to\n  --replicate-rewrite-db.\n\nThe precise effects of REPLICATE_DO_DB and REPLICATE_IGNORE_DB filters\nare dependent on whether statement-based or row-based replication is in\neffect. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/replication-rules.html, for\nmore information.\n\nMultiple replication filtering rules can be created in a single CHANGE\nREPLICATION FILTER statement by separating the rules with commas, as\nshown here:\n\nCHANGE REPLICATION FILTER\n    REPLICATE_DO_DB = (d1), REPLICATE_IGNORE_DB = (d2);\n\nIssuing the statement just shown is equivalent to starting the slave\nmysqld with the options --replicate-do-db=d1 --replicate-ignore-db=d2.\n\nOn a multi-source replication slave, which uses multiple replication\nchannels to process transaction from different sources, use the FOR\nCHANNEL channel clause to set a replication filter on a replication\nchannel:\n\nCHANGE REPLICATION FILTER REPLICATE_DO_DB = (d1) FOR CHANNEL channel_1;\n\nThis enables you to create a channel specific replication filter to\nfilter out selected data from a source. When a FOR CHANNEL clause is\nprovided, the replication filter statement acts on that slave\nreplication channel removing any existing replication filter which has\nthe same filter type as the specified replication filters, and\nreplacing them with the specified filter. Filter types not explicitly\nlisted in the statement are not modified. If issued against a slave\nreplication channel which is not configured, the statement fails with\nan ER_SLAVE_CONFIGURATION error. If issued against Group Replication\nchannels, the statement fails with an\nER_SLAVE_CHANNEL_OPERATION_NOT_ALLOWED error.\n\nOn a replication slave with multiple replication channels configured,\nissuing CHANGE REPLICATION FILTER with no FOR CHANNEL clause configures\nthe replication filter for every configured slave replication channel,\nand for the global replication filters. For every filter type, if the\nfilter type is listed in the statement, then any existing filter rules\nof that type are replaced by the filter rules specified in the most\nrecently issued statement, otherwise the old value of the filter type\nis retained. For more information see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/replication-rules-channel-based\n-filters.html.\n\nIf the same filtering rule is specified multiple times, only the last\nsuch rule is actually used. For example, the two statements shown here\nhave exactly the same effect, because the first REPLICATE_DO_DB rule in\nthe first statement is ignored:\n\nCHANGE REPLICATION FILTER\n    REPLICATE_DO_DB = (db1, db2), REPLICATE_DO_DB = (db3, db4);\n\nCHANGE REPLICATION FILTER\n    REPLICATE_DO_DB = (db3, db4);\n\n*Caution*:\n\nThis behavior differs from that of the --replicate-* filter options\nwhere specifying the same option multiple times causes the creation of\nmultiple filter rules.\n\nNames of tables and database not containing any special characters need\nnot be quoted. Values used with REPLICATION_WILD_TABLE and\nREPLICATION_WILD_IGNORE_TABLE are string expressions, possibly\ncontaining (special) wildcard characters, and so must be quoted. This\nis shown in the following example statements:\n\nCHANGE REPLICATION FILTER\n    REPLICATE_WILD_DO_TABLE = (\'db1.old%\');\n\nCHANGE REPLICATION FILTER\n    REPLICATE_WILD_IGNORE_TABLE = (\'db1.new%\', \'db2.new%\');\n\nValues used with REPLICATE_REWRITE_DB represent pairs of database\nnames; each such value must be enclosed in parentheses. The following\nstatement rewrites statements occurring on database db1 on the master\nto database db2 on the slave:\n\nCHANGE REPLICATION FILTER REPLICATE_REWRITE_DB = ((db1, db2));\n\nThe statement just shown contains two sets of parentheses, one\nenclosing the pair of database names, and the other enclosing the\nentire list. This is perhaps more easily seen in the following example,\nwhich creates two rewrite-db rules, one rewriting database dbA to dbB,\nand one rewriting database dbC to dbD:\n\nCHANGE REPLICATION FILTER\n  REPLICATE_REWRITE_DB = ((dbA, dbB), (dbC, dbD));\n\nThe CHANGE REPLICATION FILTER statement replaces replication filtering\nrules only for the filter types and replication channels affected by\nthe statement, and leaves other rules and channels unchanged. If you\nwant to unset all filters of a given type, set the filter\'s value to an\nexplicitly empty list, as shown in this example, which removes all\nexisting REPLICATE_DO_DB and REPLICATE_IGNORE_DB rules:\n\nCHANGE REPLICATION FILTER\n    REPLICATE_DO_DB = (), REPLICATE_IGNORE_DB = ();\n\nSetting a filter to empty in this way removes all existing rules, does\nnot create any new ones, and does not restore any rules set at mysqld\nstartup using --replicate-* options on the command line or in the\nconfiguration file.\n\nThe RESET SLAVE ALL statement removes channel specific replication\nfilters that were set on channels deleted by the statement. When the\ndeleted channel or channels are recreated, any global replication\nfilters specified for the slave are copied to them, and no channel\nspecific replication filters are applied.\n\nFor more information, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/replication-rules.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/change-replication-filter.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/change-replication-filter.html'),(571,'RESET SLAVE',35,'Syntax:\nRESET SLAVE [ALL] [channel_option]\n\nchannel_option:\n    FOR CHANNEL channel\n\nRESET SLAVE makes the slave forget its replication position in the\nmaster\'s binary log. This statement is meant to be used for a clean\nstart: It clears the master info and relay log info repositories,\ndeletes all the relay log files, and starts a new relay log file. It\nalso resets to 0 the replication delay specified with the MASTER_DELAY\noption to CHANGE MASTER TO.\n\n*Note*:\n\nAll relay log files are deleted, even if they have not been completely\nexecuted by the slave SQL thread. (This is a condition likely to exist\non a replication slave if you have issued a STOP SLAVE statement or if\nthe slave is highly loaded.)\n\nFor a server where GTIDs are in use (gtid_mode is ON), issuing RESET\nSLAVE has no effect on the GTID execution history. The statement does\nnot change the values of gtid_executed or gtid_purged, or the\nmysql.gtid_executed table. If you need to reset the GTID execution\nhistory, use RESET MASTER, even if the GTID-enabled server is a\nreplication slave where binary logging is disabled.\n\nRESET SLAVE requires the RELOAD privilege.\n\nTo use RESET SLAVE, the slave replication threads must be stopped, so\non a running slave use STOP SLAVE before issuing RESET SLAVE. To use\nRESET SLAVE on a Group Replication group member, the member status must\nbe OFFLINE, meaning that the plugin is loaded but the member does not\ncurrently belong to any group. A group member can be taken offline by\nusing a STOP GROUP REPLICATION statement.\n\nThe optional FOR CHANNEL channel clause enables you to name which\nreplication channel the statement applies to. Providing a FOR CHANNEL\nchannel clause applies the RESET SLAVE statement to a specific\nreplication channel. Combining a FOR CHANNEL channel clause with the\nALL option deletes the specified channel. If no channel is named and no\nextra channels exist, the statement applies to the default channel.\nIssuing a RESET SLAVE ALL statement without a FOR CHANNEL channel\nclause when multiple replication channels exist deletes all replication\nchannels and recreates only the default channel. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/replication-channels.html for\nmore information.\n\nRESET SLAVE does not change any replication connection parameters such\nas the master host, master port, master user, or master password. RESET\nSLAVE also does not affect the PRIVILEGE_CHECKS_USER account. If you\nwant to reset the connection parameters intentionally, you need to use\nRESET SLAVE ALL, which clears the connection parameters, including the\nMASTER_USER and PRIVILEGE_CHECKS_USER accounts. RESET SLAVE ALL also\nclears the IGNORE_SERVER_IDS list set by CHANGE MASTER TO. When you\nhave used RESET SLAVE ALL, you must issue a CHANGE MASTER TO statement\nafter the server start to specify new connection parameters.\n\nIn the event of a server crash or deliberate restart after issuing\nRESET SLAVE but before issuing START SLAVE, retention of the\nreplication connection parameters depends on the repository used for\nthe master info log:\n\no From MySQL 8.0.13, when master_info_repository=TABLE is set on the\n  server (which is the default from MySQL 8.0), replication connection\n  parameters are preserved in the crash-safe InnoDB table\n  mysql.slave_master_info as part of the RESET SLAVE operation. They\n  are also retained in memory. In the event of a server crash or\n  deliberate restart after issuing RESET SLAVE but before issuing START\n  SLAVE, the replication connection parameters are retrieved from the\n  table and reused for the new connection.\n\no When master_info_repository=FILE is set on the server, replication\n  connection parameters are only retained in memory. If the slave\n  mysqld is restarted immediately after issuing RESET SLAVE due to a\n  server crash or deliberate restart, the connection parameters are\n  lost. In that case, you must issue a CHANGE MASTER TO statement after\n  the server start to respecify the connection parameters before\n  issuing START SLAVE.\n\nRESET SLAVE does not change any replication filter settings (such as\n--replicate-ignore-table) for channels affected by the statement.\nHowever, RESET SLAVE ALL removes the replication filters that were set\non the channels deleted by the statement. When the deleted channel or\nchannels are recreated, any global replication filters specified for\nthe slave are copied to them, and no channel specific replication\nfilters are applied. For more information see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/replication-rules-channel-based\n-filters.html.\n\nRESET SLAVE causes an implicit commit of an ongoing transaction. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/implicit-commit.html.\n\nIf the slave SQL thread was in the middle of replicating temporary\ntables when it was stopped, and RESET SLAVE is issued, these replicated\ntemporary tables are deleted on the slave.\n\nRESET SLAVE does not reset the heartbeat period\n(Slave_heartbeat_period) or SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT.\n\n*Note*:\n\nWhen used on an NDB Cluster replication slave SQL node, RESET SLAVE\nclears the mysql.ndb_apply_status table. You should keep in mind when\nusing this statement that ndb_apply_status uses the NDB storage engine\nand so is shared by all SQL nodes attached to the slave cluster.\n\nYou can override this behavior by issuing SET GLOBAL\n@@ndb_clear_apply_status=OFF prior to executing RESET SLAVE, which\nkeeps the slave from purging the ndb_apply_status table in such cases.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/reset-slave.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/reset-slave.html'),(572,'SET GLOBAL SQL_SLAVE_SKIP_COUNTER',35,'Syntax:\nSET GLOBAL sql_slave_skip_counter = N\n\nThis statement skips the next N events from the master. This is useful\nfor recovering from replication stops caused by a statement.\n\nThis statement is valid only when the slave threads are not running.\nOtherwise, it produces an error.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/set-global-sql-slave-skip-counter.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/set-global-sql-slave-skip-counter.html'),(573,'START SLAVE',35,'Syntax:\nSTART SLAVE [thread_types] [until_option] [connection_options] [channel_option]\n\nthread_types:\n    [thread_type [, thread_type] ... ]\n\nthread_type:\n    IO_THREAD | SQL_THREAD\n\nuntil_option:\n    UNTIL {   {SQL_BEFORE_GTIDS | SQL_AFTER_GTIDS} = gtid_set\n          |   MASTER_LOG_FILE = \'log_name\', MASTER_LOG_POS = log_pos\n          |   RELAY_LOG_FILE = \'log_name\', RELAY_LOG_POS = log_pos\n          |   SQL_AFTER_MTS_GAPS  }\n\nconnection_options:\n    [USER=\'user_name\'] [PASSWORD=\'user_pass\'] [DEFAULT_AUTH=\'plugin_name\'] [PLUGIN_DIR=\'plugin_dir\']\n\n\nchannel_option:\n    FOR CHANNEL channel\n\ngtid_set:\n    uuid_set [, uuid_set] ...\n    | \'\'\n\nuuid_set:\n    uuid:interval[:interval]...\n\nuuid:\n    hhhhhhhh-hhhh-hhhh-hhhh-hhhhhhhhhhhh\n\nh:\n    [0-9,A-F]\n\ninterval:\n    n[-n]\n\n    (n >= 1)\n\nSTART SLAVE with no thread_type options starts both of the slave\nthreads. The I/O thread reads events from the master server and stores\nthem in the relay log. The SQL thread reads events from the relay log\nand executes them. START SLAVE requires the REPLICATION_SLAVE_ADMIN or\nSUPER privilege.\n\nIf START SLAVE succeeds in starting the slave threads, it returns\nwithout any error. However, even in that case, it might be that the\nslave threads start and then later stop (for example, because they do\nnot manage to connect to the master or read its binary log, or some\nother problem). START SLAVE does not warn you about this. You must\ncheck the slave\'s error log for error messages generated by the slave\nthreads, or check that they are running satisfactorily with SHOW SLAVE\nSTATUS.\n\nSTART SLAVE causes an implicit commit of an ongoing transaction. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/implicit-commit.html.\n\ngtid_next must be set to AUTOMATIC before issuing this statement.\n\nThe optional FOR CHANNEL channel clause enables you to name which\nreplication channel the statement applies to. Providing a FOR CHANNEL\nchannel clause applies the START SLAVE statement to a specific\nreplication channel. If no clause is named and no extra channels exist,\nthe statement applies to the default channel. If a START SLAVE\nstatement does not have a channel defined when using multiple channels,\nthis statement starts the specified threads for all channels. This\nstatement is disallowed for the group_replication_recovery channel. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/replication-channels.html for\nmore information.\n\nYou can add IO_THREAD and SQL_THREAD options to the statement to name\nwhich of the threads to start. Note that the Group Replication applier\nchannel (group_replication_applier) has no I/O thread, only a SQL\nthread. Specifying the IO_THREAD or SQL_THREAD options when you start\nthis channel has no benefit.\n\nMySQL supports pluggable user-password authentication with START SLAVE\nwith the USER, PASSWORD, DEFAULT_AUTH and PLUGIN_DIR options, as\ndescribed in the following list:\n\no USER: User name. Cannot be set to an empty or null string, or left\n  unset if PASSWORD is used.\n\no PASSWORD: Password.\n\no DEFAULT_AUTH: Name of plugin; default is MySQL native authentication.\n\no PLUGIN_DIR: Location of plugin.\n\nYou cannot use the SQL_THREAD option when specifying any of USER,\nPASSWORD, DEFAULT_AUTH, or PLUGIN_DIR, unless the IO_THREAD option is\nalso provided.\n\nSee\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/pluggable-authentication.html,\nfor more information.\n\nIf an insecure connection is used with any these options, the server\nissues the warning Sending passwords in plain text without SSL/TLS is\nextremely insecure.\n\nSTART SLAVE ... UNTIL supports two additional options for use with\nglobal transaction identifiers (GTIDs) (see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/replication-gtids.html). Each\nof these takes a set of one or more global transaction identifiers\ngtid_set as an argument (see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/replication-gtids-concepts.html\n#replication-gtids-concepts-gtid-sets, for more information).\n\nWhen no thread_type is specified, START SLAVE UNTIL SQL_BEFORE_GTIDS\ncauses the slave SQL thread to process transactions until it has\nreached the first transaction whose GTID is listed in the gtid_set.\nSTART SLAVE UNTIL SQL_AFTER_GTIDS causes the slave threads to process\nall transactions until the last transaction in the gtid_set has been\nprocessed by both threads. In other words, START SLAVE UNTIL\nSQL_BEFORE_GTIDS causes the slave SQL thread to process all\ntransactions occurring before the first GTID in the gtid_set is\nreached, and START SLAVE UNTIL SQL_AFTER_GTIDS causes the slave threads\nto handle all transactions, including those whose GTIDs are found in\ngtid_set, until each has encountered a transaction whose GTID is not\npart of the set. SQL_BEFORE_GTIDS and SQL_AFTER_GTIDS each support the\nSQL_THREAD and IO_THREAD options, although using IO_THREAD with them\ncurrently has no effect.\n\nFor example, START SLAVE SQL_THREAD UNTIL SQL_BEFORE_GTIDS =\n3E11FA47-71CA-11E1-9E33-C80AA9429562:11-56 causes the slave SQL thread\nto process all transactions originating from the master whose\nserver_uuid is 3E11FA47-71CA-11E1-9E33-C80AA9429562 until it encounters\nthe transaction having sequence number 11; it then stops without\nprocessing this transaction. In other words, all transactions up to and\nincluding the transaction with sequence number 10 are processed.\nExecuting START SLAVE SQL_THREAD UNTIL SQL_AFTER_GTIDS =\n3E11FA47-71CA-11E1-9E33-C80AA9429562:11-56, on the other hand, would\ncause the slave SQL thread to obtain all transactions just mentioned\nfrom the master, including all of the transactions having the sequence\nnumbers 11 through 56, and then to stop without processing any\nadditional transactions; that is, the transaction having sequence\nnumber 56 would be the last transaction fetched by the slave SQL\nthread.\n\nWhen using a multithreaded slave with slave_preserve_commit_order=0\nset, there is a chance of gaps in the sequence of transactions that\nhave been executed from the relay log in the following cases:\n\no killing the coordinator thread\n\no after an error occurs in the applier threads\n\no mysqld shuts down unexpectedly\n\nUse the START SLAVE UNTIL SQL_AFTER_MTS_GAPS statement to cause a\nmultithreaded slave\'s worker threads to only run until no more gaps are\nfound in the relay log, and then to stop. This statement can take an\nSQL_THREAD option, but the effects of the statement remain unchanged.\nIt has no effect on the slave I/O thread (and cannot be used with the\nIO_THREAD option).\n\nIssuing START SLAVE on a multithreaded slave with gaps in the sequence\nof transactions executed from the relay log generates a warning. In\nsuch a situation, the solution is to use START SLAVE UNTIL\nSQL_AFTER_MTS_GAPS, then issue RESET SLAVE to remove any remaining\nrelay logs. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/replication-features-transactio\nn-inconsistencies.html for more information.\n\nTo change a failed multithreaded slave to single-threaded mode, you can\nissue the following series of statements, in the order shown:\n\nSTART SLAVE UNTIL SQL_AFTER_MTS_GAPS;\n\nSET @@GLOBAL.slave_parallel_workers = 0;\n\nSTART SLAVE SQL_THREAD;\n\n*Note*:\n\nIt is possible to view the entire text of a running START SLAVE ...\nstatement, including any USER or PASSWORD values used, in the output of\nSHOW PROCESSLIST. This is also true for the text of a running CHANGE\nMASTER TO statement, including any values it employs for MASTER_USER or\nMASTER_PASSWORD.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/start-slave.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/start-slave.html'),(574,'STOP SLAVE',35,'Syntax:\nSTOP SLAVE [thread_types] [channel_option]\n\nthread_types:\n    [thread_type [, thread_type] ... ]\n\nthread_type: IO_THREAD | SQL_THREAD\n\nchannel_option:\n    FOR CHANNEL channel\n\nStops the slave threads. STOP SLAVE requires the\nREPLICATION_SLAVE_ADMIN or SUPER privilege. Recommended best practice\nis to execute STOP SLAVE on the slave before stopping the slave server\n(see https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-shutdown.html, for\nmore information).\n\nWhen using the row-based logging format: You should execute STOP SLAVE\nor STOP SLAVE SQL_THREAD on the slave prior to shutting down the slave\nserver if you are replicating any tables that use a nontransactional\nstorage engine (see the Note later in this section).\n\nLike START SLAVE, this statement may be used with the IO_THREAD and\nSQL_THREAD options to name the thread or threads to be stopped. Note\nthat the Group Replication applier channel (group_replication_applier)\nhas no I/O thread, only a SQL thread. Using the SQL_THREAD option\ntherefore stops this channel completely.\n\nSTOP SLAVE causes an implicit commit of an ongoing transaction. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/implicit-commit.html.\n\ngtid_next must be set to AUTOMATIC before issuing this statement.\n\nYou can control how long STOP SLAVE waits before timing out by setting\nthe rpl_stop_slave_timeout system variable. This can be used to avoid\ndeadlocks between STOP SLAVE and other slave SQL statements using\ndifferent client connections to the slave. When the timeout value is\nreached, the issuing client returns an error message and stops waiting,\nbut the STOP SLAVE instruction remains in effect. Once the slave\nthreads are no longer busy, the STOP SLAVE statement is executed and\nthe slave stops.\n\nSome CHANGE MASTER TO statements are allowed while the slave is\nrunning, depending on the states of the slave SQL and I/O threads.\nHowever, using STOP SLAVE prior to executing CHANGE MASTER TO in such\ncases is still supported. See [HELP CHANGE MASTER TO], and\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/replication-solutions-switch.ht\nml, for more information.\n\nThe optional FOR CHANNEL channel clause enables you to name which\nreplication channel the statement applies to. Providing a FOR CHANNEL\nchannel clause applies the STOP SLAVE statement to a specific\nreplication channel. If no channel is named and no extra channels\nexist, the statement applies to the default channel. If a STOP SLAVE\nstatement does not name a channel when using multiple channels, this\nstatement stops the specified threads for all channels. This statement\ncannot be used with the group_replication_recovery channel. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/replication-channels.html for\nmore information.\n\nWhen using statement-based replication: changing the master while it\nhas open temporary tables is potentially unsafe. This is one of the\nreasons why statement-based replication of temporary tables is not\nrecommended. You can find out whether there are any temporary tables on\nthe slave by checking the value of Slave_open_temp_tables; when using\nstatement-based replication, this value should be 0 before executing\nCHANGE MASTER TO. If there are any temporary tables open on the slave,\nissuing a CHANGE MASTER TO statement after issuing a STOP SLAVE causes\nan ER_WARN_OPEN_TEMP_TABLES_MUST_BE_ZERO warning.\n\nWhen using a multithreaded slave (slave_parallel_workers is a nonzero\nvalue), any gaps in the sequence of transactions executed from the\nrelay log are closed as part of stopping the worker threads. If the\nslave is stopped unexpectedly (for example due to an error in a worker\nthread, or another thread issuing KILL) while a STOP SLAVE statement is\nexecuting, the sequence of executed transactions from the relay log may\nbecome inconsistent. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/replication-features-transactio\nn-inconsistencies.html for more information.\n\nIf the current replication event group has modified one or more\nnontransactional tables, STOP SLAVE waits for up to 60 seconds for the\nevent group to complete, unless you issue a KILL QUERY or KILL\nCONNECTION statement for the slave SQL thread. If the event group\nremains incomplete after the timeout, an error message is logged.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/stop-slave.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/stop-slave.html'),(575,'PREPARE',35,'Syntax:\nPREPARE stmt_name FROM preparable_stmt\n\nThe PREPARE statement prepares a SQL statement and assigns it a name,\nstmt_name, by which to refer to the statement later. The prepared\nstatement is executed with EXECUTE and released with DEALLOCATE\nPREPARE. For examples, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/sql-prepared-statements.html.\n\nStatement names are not case-sensitive. preparable_stmt is either a\nstring literal or a user variable that contains the text of the SQL\nstatement. The text must represent a single statement, not multiple\nstatements. Within the statement, ? characters can be used as parameter\nmarkers to indicate where data values are to be bound to the query\nlater when you execute it. The ? characters should not be enclosed\nwithin quotation marks, even if you intend to bind them to string\nvalues. Parameter markers can be used only where data values should\nappear, not for SQL keywords, identifiers, and so forth.\n\nIf a prepared statement with the given name already exists, it is\ndeallocated implicitly before the new statement is prepared. This means\nthat if the new statement contains an error and cannot be prepared, an\nerror is returned and no statement with the given name exists.\n\nThe scope of a prepared statement is the session within which it is\ncreated, which as several implications:\n\no A prepared statement created in one session is not available to other\n  sessions.\n\no When a session ends, whether normally or abnormally, its prepared\n  statements no longer exist. If auto-reconnect is enabled, the client\n  is not notified that the connection was lost. For this reason,\n  clients may wish to disable auto-reconnect. See\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/c-api-auto-reconnect.html.\n\no A prepared statement created within a stored program continues to\n  exist after the program finishes executing and can be executed\n  outside the program later.\n\no A statement prepared in stored program context cannot refer to stored\n  procedure or function parameters or local variables because they go\n  out of scope when the program ends and would be unavailable were the\n  statement to be executed later outside the program. As a workaround,\n  refer instead to user-defined variables, which also have session\n  scope; see\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/user-variables.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/prepare.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/prepare.html'),(576,'EXECUTE STATEMENT',35,'Syntax:\nEXECUTE stmt_name\n    [USING @var_name [, @var_name] ...]\n\nAfter preparing a statement with PREPARE, you execute it with an\nEXECUTE statement that refers to the prepared statement name. If the\nprepared statement contains any parameter markers, you must supply a\nUSING clause that lists user variables containing the values to be\nbound to the parameters. Parameter values can be supplied only by user\nvariables, and the USING clause must name exactly as many variables as\nthe number of parameter markers in the statement.\n\nYou can execute a given prepared statement multiple times, passing\ndifferent variables to it or setting the variables to different values\nbefore each execution.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/execute.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/execute.html'),(577,'DEALLOCATE PREPARE',35,'Syntax:\n{DEALLOCATE | DROP} PREPARE stmt_name\n\nTo deallocate a prepared statement produced with PREPARE, use a\nDEALLOCATE PREPARE statement that refers to the prepared statement\nname. Attempting to execute a prepared statement after deallocating it\nresults in an error. If too many prepared statements are created and\nnot deallocated by either the DEALLOCATE PREPARE statement or the end\nof the session, you might encounter the upper limit enforced by the\nmax_prepared_stmt_count system variable.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/deallocate-prepare.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/deallocate-prepare.html'),(578,'DROP PREPARE',35,'Syntax:\n{DEALLOCATE | DROP} PREPARE stmt_name\n\nTo deallocate a prepared statement produced with PREPARE, use a\nDEALLOCATE PREPARE statement that refers to the prepared statement\nname. Attempting to execute a prepared statement after deallocating it\nresults in an error. If too many prepared statements are created and\nnot deallocated by either the DEALLOCATE PREPARE statement or the end\nof the session, you might encounter the upper limit enforced by the\nmax_prepared_stmt_count system variable.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/deallocate-prepare.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/deallocate-prepare.html'),(579,'BEGIN END',36,'Syntax:\n[begin_label:] BEGIN\n    [statement_list]\nEND [end_label]\n\nBEGIN ... END syntax is used for writing compound statements, which can\nappear within stored programs (stored procedures and functions,\ntriggers, and events). A compound statement can contain multiple\nstatements, enclosed by the BEGIN and END keywords. statement_list\nrepresents a list of one or more statements, each terminated by a\nsemicolon (;) statement delimiter. The statement_list itself is\noptional, so the empty compound statement (BEGIN END) is legal.\n\nBEGIN ... END blocks can be nested.\n\nUse of multiple statements requires that a client is able to send\nstatement strings containing the ; statement delimiter. In the mysql\ncommand-line client, this is handled with the delimiter command.\nChanging the ; end-of-statement delimiter (for example, to //) permit ;\nto be used in a program body. For an example, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/stored-programs-defining.html.\n\nA BEGIN ... END block can be labeled. See [HELP labels].\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/begin-end.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/begin-end.html'),(580,'LABELS',36,'Syntax:\n[begin_label:] BEGIN\n    [statement_list]\nEND [end_label]\n\n[begin_label:] LOOP\n    statement_list\nEND LOOP [end_label]\n\n[begin_label:] REPEAT\n    statement_list\nUNTIL search_condition\nEND REPEAT [end_label]\n\n[begin_label:] WHILE search_condition DO\n    statement_list\nEND WHILE [end_label]\n\nLabels are permitted for BEGIN ... END blocks and for the LOOP, REPEAT,\nand WHILE statements. Label use for those statements follows these\nrules:\n\no begin_label must be followed by a colon.\n\no begin_label can be given without end_label. If end_label is present,\n  it must be the same as begin_label.\n\no end_label cannot be given without begin_label.\n\no Labels at the same nesting level must be distinct.\n\no Labels can be up to 16 characters long.\n\nTo refer to a label within the labeled construct, use an ITERATE or\nLEAVE statement. The following example uses those statements to\ncontinue iterating or terminate the loop:\n\nCREATE PROCEDURE doiterate(p1 INT)\nBEGIN\n  label1: LOOP\n    SET p1 = p1 + 1;\n    IF p1 < 10 THEN ITERATE label1; END IF;\n    LEAVE label1;\n  END LOOP label1;\nEND;\n\nThe scope of a block label does not include the code for handlers\ndeclared within the block. For details, see [HELP DECLARE HANDLER].\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/statement-labels.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/statement-labels.html'),(581,'DECLARE VARIABLE',36,'Syntax:\nDECLARE var_name [, var_name] ... type [DEFAULT value]\n\nThis statement declares local variables within stored programs. To\nprovide a default value for a variable, include a DEFAULT clause. The\nvalue can be specified as an expression; it need not be a constant. If\nthe DEFAULT clause is missing, the initial value is NULL.\n\nLocal variables are treated like stored routine parameters with respect\nto data type and overflow checking. See [HELP CREATE PROCEDURE].\n\nVariable declarations must appear before cursor or handler\ndeclarations.\n\nLocal variable names are not case-sensitive. Permissible characters and\nquoting rules are the same as for other identifiers, as described in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/identifiers.html.\n\nThe scope of a local variable is the BEGIN ... END block within which\nit is declared. The variable can be referred to in blocks nested within\nthe declaring block, except those blocks that declare a variable with\nthe same name.\n\nFor examples of variable declarations, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/local-variable-scope.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/declare-local-variable.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/declare-local-variable.html'),(582,'CASE STATEMENT',36,'Syntax:\nCASE case_value\n    WHEN when_value THEN statement_list\n    [WHEN when_value THEN statement_list] ...\n    [ELSE statement_list]\nEND CASE\n\nOr:\n\nCASE\n    WHEN search_condition THEN statement_list\n    [WHEN search_condition THEN statement_list] ...\n    [ELSE statement_list]\nEND CASE\n\nThe CASE statement for stored programs implements a complex conditional\nconstruct.\n\n*Note*:\n\nThere is also a CASE expr, which differs from the CASE statement\ndescribed here. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/control-flow-functions.html.\nThe CASE statement cannot have an ELSE NULL clause, and it is\nterminated with END CASE instead of END.\n\nFor the first syntax, case_value is an expression. This value is\ncompared to the when_value expression in each WHEN clause until one of\nthem is equal. When an equal when_value is found, the corresponding\nTHEN clause statement_list executes. If no when_value is equal, the\nELSE clause statement_list executes, if there is one.\n\nThis syntax cannot be used to test for equality with NULL because NULL\n= NULL is false. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/working-with-null.html.\n\nFor the second syntax, each WHEN clause search_condition expression is\nevaluated until one is true, at which point its corresponding THEN\nclause statement_list executes. If no search_condition is equal, the\nELSE clause statement_list executes, if there is one.\n\nIf no when_value or search_condition matches the value tested and the\nCASE statement contains no ELSE clause, a Case not found for CASE\nstatement error results.\n\nEach statement_list consists of one or more SQL statements; an empty\nstatement_list is not permitted.\n\nTo handle situations where no value is matched by any WHEN clause, use\nan ELSE containing an empty BEGIN ... END block, as shown in this\nexample. (The indentation used here in the ELSE clause is for purposes\nof clarity only, and is not otherwise significant.)\n\nDELIMITER |\n\nCREATE PROCEDURE p()\n  BEGIN\n    DECLARE v INT DEFAULT 1;\n\n    CASE v\n      WHEN 2 THEN SELECT v;\n      WHEN 3 THEN SELECT 0;\n      ELSE\n        BEGIN\n        END;\n    END CASE;\n  END;\n  |\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/case.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/case.html'),(583,'IF STATEMENT',36,'Syntax:\nIF search_condition THEN statement_list\n    [ELSEIF search_condition THEN statement_list] ...\n    [ELSE statement_list]\nEND IF\n\nThe IF statement for stored programs implements a basic conditional\nconstruct.\n\n*Note*:\n\nThere is also an IF() function, which differs from the IF statement\ndescribed here. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/control-flow-functions.html.\nThe IF statement can have THEN, ELSE, and ELSEIF clauses, and it is\nterminated with END IF.\n\nIf a given search_condition evaluates to true, the corresponding THEN\nor ELSEIF clause statement_list executes. If no search_condition\nmatches, the ELSE clause statement_list executes.\n\nEach statement_list consists of one or more SQL statements; an empty\nstatement_list is not permitted.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/if.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/if.html'),(584,'ITERATE',36,'Syntax:\nITERATE label\n\nITERATE can appear only within LOOP, REPEAT, and WHILE statements.\nITERATE means \"start the loop again.\"\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/iterate.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/iterate.html'),(585,'LEAVE',36,'Syntax:\nLEAVE label\n\nThis statement is used to exit the flow control construct that has the\ngiven label. If the label is for the outermost stored program block,\nLEAVE exits the program.\n\nLEAVE can be used within BEGIN ... END or loop constructs (LOOP,\nREPEAT, WHILE).\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/leave.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/leave.html'),(586,'LOOP',36,'Syntax:\n[begin_label:] LOOP\n    statement_list\nEND LOOP [end_label]\n\nLOOP implements a simple loop construct, enabling repeated execution of\nthe statement list, which consists of one or more statements, each\nterminated by a semicolon (;) statement delimiter. The statements\nwithin the loop are repeated until the loop is terminated. Usually,\nthis is accomplished with a LEAVE statement. Within a stored function,\nRETURN can also be used, which exits the function entirely.\n\nNeglecting to include a loop-termination statement results in an\ninfinite loop.\n\nA LOOP statement can be labeled. For the rules regarding label use, see\n[HELP labels].\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/loop.html\n\n','CREATE PROCEDURE doiterate(p1 INT)\nBEGIN\n  label1: LOOP\n    SET p1 = p1 + 1;\n    IF p1 < 10 THEN\n      ITERATE label1;\n    END IF;\n    LEAVE label1;\n  END LOOP label1;\n  SET @x = p1;\nEND;\n','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/loop.html'),(587,'REPEAT LOOP',36,'Syntax:\n[begin_label:] REPEAT\n    statement_list\nUNTIL search_condition\nEND REPEAT [end_label]\n\nThe statement list within a REPEAT statement is repeated until the\nsearch_condition expression is true. Thus, a REPEAT always enters the\nloop at least once. statement_list consists of one or more statements,\neach terminated by a semicolon (;) statement delimiter.\n\nA REPEAT statement can be labeled. For the rules regarding label use,\nsee [HELP labels].\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/repeat.html\n\n','mysql> delimiter //\n\nmysql> CREATE PROCEDURE dorepeat(p1 INT)\n       BEGIN\n         SET @x = 0;\n         REPEAT\n           SET @x = @x + 1;\n         UNTIL @x > p1 END REPEAT;\n       END\n       //\nQuery OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)\n\nmysql> CALL dorepeat(1000)//\nQuery OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)\n\nmysql> SELECT @x//\n+------+\n| @x   |\n+------+\n| 1001 |\n+------+\n1 row in set (0.00 sec)\n','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/repeat.html'),(588,'RETURN',36,'Syntax:\nRETURN expr\n\nThe RETURN statement terminates execution of a stored function and\nreturns the value expr to the function caller. There must be at least\none RETURN statement in a stored function. There may be more than one\nif the function has multiple exit points.\n\nThis statement is not used in stored procedures, triggers, or events.\nThe LEAVE statement can be used to exit a stored program of those\ntypes.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/return.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/return.html'),(589,'WHILE',36,'Syntax:\n[begin_label:] WHILE search_condition DO\n    statement_list\nEND WHILE [end_label]\n\nThe statement list within a WHILE statement is repeated as long as the\nsearch_condition expression is true. statement_list consists of one or\nmore SQL statements, each terminated by a semicolon (;) statement\ndelimiter.\n\nA WHILE statement can be labeled. For the rules regarding label use,\nsee [HELP labels].\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/while.html\n\n','CREATE PROCEDURE dowhile()\nBEGIN\n  DECLARE v1 INT DEFAULT 5;\n\n  WHILE v1 > 0 DO\n    ...\n    SET v1 = v1 - 1;\n  END WHILE;\nEND;\n','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/while.html'),(590,'CLOSE',36,'Syntax:\nCLOSE cursor_name\n\nThis statement closes a previously opened cursor. For an example, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/cursors.html.\n\nAn error occurs if the cursor is not open.\n\nIf not closed explicitly, a cursor is closed at the end of the BEGIN\n... END block in which it was declared.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/close.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/close.html'),(591,'DECLARE CURSOR',36,'Syntax:\nDECLARE cursor_name CURSOR FOR select_statement\n\nThis statement declares a cursor and associates it with a SELECT\nstatement that retrieves the rows to be traversed by the cursor. To\nfetch the rows later, use a FETCH statement. The number of columns\nretrieved by the SELECT statement must match the number of output\nvariables specified in the FETCH statement.\n\nThe SELECT statement cannot have an INTO clause.\n\nCursor declarations must appear before handler declarations and after\nvariable and condition declarations.\n\nA stored program may contain multiple cursor declarations, but each\ncursor declared in a given block must have a unique name. For an\nexample, see https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/cursors.html.\n\nFor information available through SHOW statements, it is possible in\nmany cases to obtain equivalent information by using a cursor with an\nINFORMATION_SCHEMA table.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/declare-cursor.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/declare-cursor.html'),(592,'FETCH',36,'Syntax:\nFETCH [[NEXT] FROM] cursor_name INTO var_name [, var_name] ...\n\nThis statement fetches the next row for the SELECT statement associated\nwith the specified cursor (which must be open), and advances the cursor\npointer. If a row exists, the fetched columns are stored in the named\nvariables. The number of columns retrieved by the SELECT statement must\nmatch the number of output variables specified in the FETCH statement.\n\nIf no more rows are available, a No Data condition occurs with SQLSTATE\nvalue \'02000\'. To detect this condition, you can set up a handler for\nit (or for a NOT FOUND condition). For an example, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/cursors.html.\n\nBe aware that another operation, such as a SELECT or another FETCH, may\nalso cause the handler to execute by raising the same condition. If it\nis necessary to distinguish which operation raised the condition, place\nthe operation within its own BEGIN ... END block so that it can be\nassociated with its own handler.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/fetch.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/fetch.html'),(593,'OPEN',36,'Syntax:\nOPEN cursor_name\n\nThis statement opens a previously declared cursor. For an example, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/cursors.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/open.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/open.html'),(594,'DECLARE CONDITION',36,'Syntax:\nDECLARE condition_name CONDITION FOR condition_value\n\ncondition_value: {\n    mysql_error_code\n  | SQLSTATE [VALUE] sqlstate_value\n}\n\nThe DECLARE ... CONDITION statement declares a named error condition,\nassociating a name with a condition that needs specific handling. The\nname can be referred to in a subsequent DECLARE ... HANDLER statement\n(see [HELP DECLARE HANDLER]).\n\nCondition declarations must appear before cursor or handler\ndeclarations.\n\nThe condition_value for DECLARE ... CONDITION indicates the specific\ncondition or class of conditions to associate with the condition name.\nIt can take the following forms:\n\no mysql_error_code: An integer literal indicating a MySQL error code.\n\n  Do not use MySQL error code 0 because that indicates success rather\n  than an error condition. For a list of MySQL error codes, see\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-error-reference.html.\n\no SQLSTATE [VALUE] sqlstate_value: A 5-character string literal\n  indicating an SQLSTATE value.\n\n  Do not use SQLSTATE values that begin with \'00\' because those\n  indicate success rather than an error condition. For a list of\n  SQLSTATE values, see\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-error-reference.html.\n\nCondition names referred to in SIGNAL or use RESIGNAL statements must\nbe associated with SQLSTATE values, not MySQL error codes.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/declare-condition.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/declare-condition.html'),(595,'DECLARE HANDLER',36,'Syntax:\nDECLARE handler_action HANDLER\n    FOR condition_value [, condition_value] ...\n    statement\n\nhandler_action: {\n    CONTINUE\n  | EXIT\n  | UNDO\n}\n\ncondition_value: {\n    mysql_error_code\n  | SQLSTATE [VALUE] sqlstate_value\n  | condition_name\n  | SQLWARNING\n  | NOT FOUND\n  | SQLEXCEPTION\n}\n\nThe DECLARE ... HANDLER statement specifies a handler that deals with\none or more conditions. If one of these conditions occurs, the\nspecified statement executes. statement can be a simple statement such\nas SET var_name = value, or a compound statement written using BEGIN\nand END (see [HELP BEGIN END]).\n\nHandler declarations must appear after variable or condition\ndeclarations.\n\nThe handler_action value indicates what action the handler takes after\nexecution of the handler statement:\n\no CONTINUE: Execution of the current program continues.\n\no EXIT: Execution terminates for the BEGIN ... END compound statement\n  in which the handler is declared. This is true even if the condition\n  occurs in an inner block.\n\no UNDO: Not supported.\n\nThe condition_value for DECLARE ... HANDLER indicates the specific\ncondition or class of conditions that activates the handler. It can\ntake the following forms:\n\no mysql_error_code: An integer literal indicating a MySQL error code,\n  such as 1051 to specify \"unknown table\":\n\nDECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR 1051\n  BEGIN\n    -- body of handler\n  END;\n\n  Do not use MySQL error code 0 because that indicates success rather\n  than an error condition. For a list of MySQL error codes, see\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-error-reference.html.\n\no SQLSTATE [VALUE] sqlstate_value: A 5-character string literal\n  indicating an SQLSTATE value, such as \'42S01\' to specify \"unknown\n  table\":\n\nDECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR SQLSTATE \'42S02\'\n  BEGIN\n    -- body of handler\n  END;\n\n  Do not use SQLSTATE values that begin with \'00\' because those\n  indicate success rather than an error condition. For a list of\n  SQLSTATE values, see\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-error-reference.html.\n\no condition_name: A condition name previously specified with DECLARE\n  ... CONDITION. A condition name can be associated with a MySQL error\n  code or SQLSTATE value. See [HELP DECLARE CONDITION].\n\no SQLWARNING: Shorthand for the class of SQLSTATE values that begin\n  with \'01\'.\n\nDECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR SQLWARNING\n  BEGIN\n    -- body of handler\n  END;\n\no NOT FOUND: Shorthand for the class of SQLSTATE values that begin with\n  \'02\'. This is relevant within the context of cursors and is used to\n  control what happens when a cursor reaches the end of a data set. If\n  no more rows are available, a No Data condition occurs with SQLSTATE\n  value \'02000\'. To detect this condition, you can set up a handler for\n  it or for a NOT FOUND condition.\n\nDECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND\n  BEGIN\n    -- body of handler\n  END;\n\n  For another example, see\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/cursors.html. The NOT FOUND\n  condition also occurs for SELECT ... INTO var_list statements that\n  retrieve no rows.\n\no SQLEXCEPTION: Shorthand for the class of SQLSTATE values that do not\n  begin with \'00\', \'01\', or \'02\'.\n\nDECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR SQLEXCEPTION\n  BEGIN\n    -- body of handler\n  END;\n\nFor information about how the server chooses handlers when a condition\noccurs, see https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/handler-scope.html.\n\nIf a condition occurs for which no handler has been declared, the\naction taken depends on the condition class:\n\no For SQLEXCEPTION conditions, the stored program terminates at the\n  statement that raised the condition, as if there were an EXIT\n  handler. If the program was called by another stored program, the\n  calling program handles the condition using the handler selection\n  rules applied to its own handlers.\n\no For SQLWARNING conditions, the program continues executing, as if\n  there were a CONTINUE handler.\n\no For NOT FOUND conditions, if the condition was raised normally, the\n  action is CONTINUE. If it was raised by SIGNAL or RESIGNAL, the\n  action is EXIT.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/declare-handler.html\n\n','mysql> CREATE TABLE test.t (s1 INT, PRIMARY KEY (s1));\nQuery OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)\n\nmysql> delimiter //\n\nmysql> CREATE PROCEDURE handlerdemo ()\n       BEGIN\n         DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR SQLSTATE \'23000\' SET @x2 = 1;\n         SET @x = 1;\n         INSERT INTO test.t VALUES (1);\n         SET @x = 2;\n         INSERT INTO test.t VALUES (1);\n         SET @x = 3;\n       END;\n       //\nQuery OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)\n\nmysql> CALL handlerdemo()//\nQuery OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)\n\nmysql> SELECT @x//\n    +------+\n    | @x   |\n    +------+\n    | 3    |\n    +------+\n    1 row in set (0.00 sec)\n','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/declare-handler.html'),(596,'GET DIAGNOSTICS',36,'Syntax:\nGET [CURRENT | STACKED] DIAGNOSTICS\n{\n    statement_information_item\n    [, statement_information_item] ...\n  | CONDITION condition_number\n    condition_information_item\n    [, condition_information_item] ...\n}\n\nstatement_information_item:\n    target = statement_information_item_name\n\ncondition_information_item:\n    target = condition_information_item_name\n\nstatement_information_item_name:\n    NUMBER\n  | ROW_COUNT\n\ncondition_information_item_name: {\n    CLASS_ORIGIN\n  | SUBCLASS_ORIGIN\n  | RETURNED_SQLSTATE\n  | MESSAGE_TEXT\n  | MYSQL_ERRNO\n  | CONSTRAINT_CATALOG\n  | CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA\n  | CONSTRAINT_NAME\n  | CATALOG_NAME\n  | SCHEMA_NAME\n  | TABLE_NAME\n  | COLUMN_NAME\n  | CURSOR_NAME\n}\n\ncondition_number, target:\n    (see following discussion)\n\nSQL statements produce diagnostic information that populates the\ndiagnostics area. The GET DIAGNOSTICS statement enables applications to\ninspect this information. (You can also use SHOW WARNINGS or SHOW\nERRORS to see conditions or errors.)\n\nNo special privileges are required to execute GET DIAGNOSTICS.\n\nThe keyword CURRENT means to retrieve information from the current\ndiagnostics area. The keyword STACKED means to retrieve information\nfrom the second diagnostics area, which is available only if the\ncurrent context is a condition handler. If neither keyword is given,\nthe default is to use the current diagnostics area.\n\nThe GET DIAGNOSTICS statement is typically used in a handler within a\nstored program. It is a MySQL extension that GET [CURRENT] DIAGNOSTICS\nis permitted outside handler context to check the execution of any SQL\nstatement. For example, if you invoke the mysql client program, you can\nenter these statements at the prompt:\n\nmysql> DROP TABLE test.no_such_table;\nERROR 1051 (42S02): Unknown table \'test.no_such_table\'\nmysql> GET DIAGNOSTICS CONDITION 1\n         @p1 = RETURNED_SQLSTATE, @p2 = MESSAGE_TEXT;\nmysql> SELECT @p1, @p2;\n+-------+------------------------------------+\n| @p1   | @p2                                |\n+-------+------------------------------------+\n| 42S02 | Unknown table \'test.no_such_table\' |\n+-------+------------------------------------+\n\nThis extension applies only to the current diagnostics area. It does\nnot apply to the second diagnostics area because GET STACKED\nDIAGNOSTICS is permitted only if the current context is a condition\nhandler. If that is not the case, a GET STACKED DIAGNOSTICS when\nhandler not active error occurs.\n\nFor a description of the diagnostics area, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/diagnostics-area.html. Briefly,\nit contains two kinds of information:\n\no Statement information, such as the number of conditions that occurred\n  or the affected-rows count.\n\no Condition information, such as the error code and message. If a\n  statement raises multiple conditions, this part of the diagnostics\n  area has a condition area for each one. If a statement raises no\n  conditions, this part of the diagnostics area is empty.\n\nFor a statement that produces three conditions, the diagnostics area\ncontains statement and condition information like this:\n\nStatement information:\n  row count\n  ... other statement information items ...\nCondition area list:\n  Condition area 1:\n    error code for condition 1\n    error message for condition 1\n    ... other condition information items ...\n  Condition area 2:\n    error code for condition 2:\n    error message for condition 2\n    ... other condition information items ...\n  Condition area 3:\n    error code for condition 3\n    error message for condition 3\n    ... other condition information items ...\n\nGET DIAGNOSTICS can obtain either statement or condition information,\nbut not both in the same statement:\n\no To obtain statement information, retrieve the desired statement items\n  into target variables. This instance of GET DIAGNOSTICS assigns the\n  number of available conditions and the rows-affected count to the\n  user variables @p1 and @p2:\n\nGET DIAGNOSTICS @p1 = NUMBER, @p2 = ROW_COUNT;\n\no To obtain condition information, specify the condition number and\n  retrieve the desired condition items into target variables. This\n  instance of GET DIAGNOSTICS assigns the SQLSTATE value and error\n  message to the user variables @p3 and @p4:\n\nGET DIAGNOSTICS CONDITION 1\n  @p3 = RETURNED_SQLSTATE, @p4 = MESSAGE_TEXT;\n\nThe retrieval list specifies one or more target = item_name\nassignments, separated by commas. Each assignment names a target\nvariable and either a statement_information_item_name or\ncondition_information_item_name designator, depending on whether the\nstatement retrieves statement or condition information.\n\nValid target designators for storing item information can be stored\nprocedure or function parameters, stored program local variables\ndeclared with DECLARE, or user-defined variables.\n\nValid condition_number designators can be stored procedure or function\nparameters, stored program local variables declared with DECLARE,\nuser-defined variables, system variables, or literals. A character\nliteral may include a _charset introducer. A warning occurs if the\ncondition number is not in the range from 1 to the number of condition\nareas that have information. In this case, the warning is added to the\ndiagnostics area without clearing it.\n\nWhen a condition occurs, MySQL does not populate all condition items\nrecognized by GET DIAGNOSTICS. For example:\n\nmysql> GET DIAGNOSTICS CONDITION 1\n         @p5 = SCHEMA_NAME, @p6 = TABLE_NAME;\nmysql> SELECT @p5, @p6;\n+------+------+\n| @p5  | @p6  |\n+------+------+\n|      |      |\n+------+------+\n\nIn standard SQL, if there are multiple conditions, the first condition\nrelates to the SQLSTATE value returned for the previous SQL statement.\nIn MySQL, this is not guaranteed. To get the main error, you cannot do\nthis:\n\nGET DIAGNOSTICS CONDITION 1 @errno = MYSQL_ERRNO;\n\nInstead, retrieve the condition count first, then use it to specify\nwhich condition number to inspect:\n\nGET DIAGNOSTICS @cno = NUMBER;\nGET DIAGNOSTICS CONDITION @cno @errno = MYSQL_ERRNO;\n\nFor information about permissible statement and condition information\nitems, and which ones are populated when a condition occurs, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/diagnostics-area.html#diagnosti\ncs-area-information-items.\n\nHere is an example that uses GET DIAGNOSTICS and an exception handler\nin stored procedure context to assess the outcome of an insert\noperation. If the insert was successful, the procedure uses GET\nDIAGNOSTICS to get the rows-affected count. This shows that you can use\nGET DIAGNOSTICS multiple times to retrieve information about a\nstatement as long as the current diagnostics area has not been cleared.\n\nCREATE PROCEDURE do_insert(value INT)\nBEGIN\n  -- Declare variables to hold diagnostics area information\n  DECLARE code CHAR(5) DEFAULT \'00000\';\n  DECLARE msg TEXT;\n  DECLARE rows INT;\n  DECLARE result TEXT;\n  -- Declare exception handler for failed insert\n  DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR SQLEXCEPTION\n    BEGIN\n      GET DIAGNOSTICS CONDITION 1\n        code = RETURNED_SQLSTATE, msg = MESSAGE_TEXT;\n    END;\n\n  -- Perform the insert\n  INSERT INTO t1 (int_col) VALUES(value);\n  -- Check whether the insert was successful\n  IF code = \'00000\' THEN\n    GET DIAGNOSTICS rows = ROW_COUNT;\n    SET result = CONCAT(\'insert succeeded, row count = \',rows);\n  ELSE\n    SET result = CONCAT(\'insert failed, error = \',code,\', message = \',msg);\n  END IF;\n  -- Say what happened\n  SELECT result;\nEND;\n\nSuppose that t1.int_col is an integer column that is declared as NOT\nNULL. The procedure produces these results when invoked to insert\nnon-NULL and NULL values, respectively:\n\nmysql> CALL do_insert(1);\n+---------------------------------+\n| result                          |\n+---------------------------------+\n| insert succeeded, row count = 1 |\n+---------------------------------+\n\nmysql> CALL do_insert(NULL);\n+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+\n| result                                                                  |\n+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+\n| insert failed, error = 23000, message = Column \'int_col\' cannot be null |\n+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/get-diagnostics.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/get-diagnostics.html'),(597,'RESIGNAL',36,'Syntax:\nRESIGNAL [condition_value]\n    [SET signal_information_item\n    [, signal_information_item] ...]\n\ncondition_value: {\n    SQLSTATE [VALUE] sqlstate_value\n  | condition_name\n}\n\nsignal_information_item:\n    condition_information_item_name = simple_value_specification\n\ncondition_information_item_name: {\n    CLASS_ORIGIN\n  | SUBCLASS_ORIGIN\n  | MESSAGE_TEXT\n  | MYSQL_ERRNO\n  | CONSTRAINT_CATALOG\n  | CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA\n  | CONSTRAINT_NAME\n  | CATALOG_NAME\n  | SCHEMA_NAME\n  | TABLE_NAME\n  | COLUMN_NAME\n  | CURSOR_NAME\n}\n\ncondition_name, simple_value_specification:\n    (see following discussion)\n\nRESIGNAL passes on the error condition information that is available\nduring execution of a condition handler within a compound statement\ninside a stored procedure or function, trigger, or event. RESIGNAL may\nchange some or all information before passing it on. RESIGNAL is\nrelated to SIGNAL, but instead of originating a condition as SIGNAL\ndoes, RESIGNAL relays existing condition information, possibly after\nmodifying it.\n\nRESIGNAL makes it possible to both handle an error and return the error\ninformation. Otherwise, by executing an SQL statement within the\nhandler, information that caused the handler\'s activation is destroyed.\nRESIGNAL also can make some procedures shorter if a given handler can\nhandle part of a situation, then pass the condition \"up the line\" to\nanother handler.\n\nNo privileges are required to execute the RESIGNAL statement.\n\nAll forms of RESIGNAL require that the current context be a condition\nhandler. Otherwise, RESIGNAL is illegal and a RESIGNAL when handler not\nactive error occurs.\n\nTo retrieve information from the diagnostics area, use the GET\nDIAGNOSTICS statement (see [HELP GET DIAGNOSTICS]). For information\nabout the diagnostics area, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/diagnostics-area.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/resignal.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/resignal.html'),(598,'SIGNAL',36,'Syntax:\nSIGNAL condition_value\n    [SET signal_information_item\n    [, signal_information_item] ...]\n\ncondition_value: {\n    SQLSTATE [VALUE] sqlstate_value\n  | condition_name\n}\n\nsignal_information_item:\n    condition_information_item_name = simple_value_specification\n\ncondition_information_item_name: {\n    CLASS_ORIGIN\n  | SUBCLASS_ORIGIN\n  | MESSAGE_TEXT\n  | MYSQL_ERRNO\n  | CONSTRAINT_CATALOG\n  | CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA\n  | CONSTRAINT_NAME\n  | CATALOG_NAME\n  | SCHEMA_NAME\n  | TABLE_NAME\n  | COLUMN_NAME\n  | CURSOR_NAME\n}\n\ncondition_name, simple_value_specification:\n    (see following discussion)\n\nSIGNAL is the way to \"return\" an error. SIGNAL provides error\ninformation to a handler, to an outer portion of the application, or to\nthe client. Also, it provides control over the error\'s characteristics\n(error number, SQLSTATE value, message). Without SIGNAL, it is\nnecessary to resort to workarounds such as deliberately referring to a\nnonexistent table to cause a routine to return an error.\n\nNo privileges are required to execute the SIGNAL statement.\n\nTo retrieve information from the diagnostics area, use the GET\nDIAGNOSTICS statement (see [HELP GET DIAGNOSTICS]). For information\nabout the diagnostics area, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/diagnostics-area.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/signal.html\n\n','CREATE PROCEDURE p (pval INT)\nBEGIN\n  DECLARE specialty CONDITION FOR SQLSTATE \'45000\';\n  IF pval = 0 THEN\n    SIGNAL SQLSTATE \'01000\';\n  ELSEIF pval = 1 THEN\n    SIGNAL SQLSTATE \'45000\'\n      SET MESSAGE_TEXT = \'An error occurred\';\n  ELSEIF pval = 2 THEN\n    SIGNAL specialty\n      SET MESSAGE_TEXT = \'An error occurred\';\n  ELSE\n    SIGNAL SQLSTATE \'01000\'\n      SET MESSAGE_TEXT = \'A warning occurred\', MYSQL_ERRNO = 1000;\n    SIGNAL SQLSTATE \'45000\'\n      SET MESSAGE_TEXT = \'An error occurred\', MYSQL_ERRNO = 1001;\n  END IF;\nEND;\n','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/signal.html'),(599,'ALTER USER',37,'Syntax:\nALTER USER [IF EXISTS]\n    user [auth_option] [, user [auth_option]] ...\n    [REQUIRE {NONE | tls_option [[AND] tls_option] ...}]\n    [WITH resource_option [resource_option] ...]\n    [password_option | lock_option] ...\n\nALTER USER [IF EXISTS] USER() user_func_auth_option\n\nALTER USER [IF EXISTS]\n    user DEFAULT ROLE\n    {NONE | ALL | role [, role ] ...}\n\nuser:\n    (see )\n\nauth_option: {\n    IDENTIFIED BY \'auth_string\'\n        [REPLACE \'current_auth_string\']\n        [RETAIN CURRENT PASSWORD]\n  | IDENTIFIED BY RANDOM PASSWORD\n        [REPLACE \'current_auth_string\']\n        [RETAIN CURRENT PASSWORD]\n  | IDENTIFIED WITH auth_plugin\n  | IDENTIFIED WITH auth_plugin BY \'auth_string\'\n        [REPLACE \'current_auth_string\']\n        [RETAIN CURRENT PASSWORD]\n  | IDENTIFIED WITH auth_plugin BY RANDOM PASSWORD\n        [REPLACE \'current_auth_string\']\n        [RETAIN CURRENT PASSWORD]\n  | IDENTIFIED WITH auth_plugin AS \'auth_string\'\n  | DISCARD OLD PASSWORD\n}\n\nuser_func_auth_option: {\n    IDENTIFIED BY \'auth_string\'\n        [REPLACE \'current_auth_string\']\n        [RETAIN CURRENT PASSWORD]\n  | DISCARD OLD PASSWORD\n}\n\ntls_option: {\n   SSL\n | X509\n | CIPHER \'cipher\'\n | ISSUER \'issuer\'\n | SUBJECT \'subject\'\n}\n\nresource_option: {\n    MAX_QUERIES_PER_HOUR count\n  | MAX_UPDATES_PER_HOUR count\n  | MAX_CONNECTIONS_PER_HOUR count\n  | MAX_USER_CONNECTIONS count\n}\n\npassword_option: {\n    PASSWORD EXPIRE [DEFAULT | NEVER | INTERVAL N DAY]\n  | PASSWORD HISTORY {DEFAULT | N}\n  | PASSWORD REUSE INTERVAL {DEFAULT | N DAY}\n  | PASSWORD REQUIRE CURRENT [DEFAULT | OPTIONAL]\n  | FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS N\n  | PASSWORD_LOCK_TIME {N | UNBOUNDED}\n}\n\nlock_option: {\n    ACCOUNT LOCK\n  | ACCOUNT UNLOCK\n}\n\nThe ALTER USER statement modifies MySQL accounts. It enables\nauthentication, role, SSL/TLS, resource-limit, and password-management\nproperties to be modified for existing accounts. It can also be used to\nlock and unlock accounts.\n\nIn most cases, ALTER USER requires the global CREATE USER privilege, or\nthe UPDATE privilege for the mysql system schema. The exceptions are:\n\no Any client who connects to the server using a nonanonymous account\n  can change the password for that account. (In particular, you can\n  change your own password.) To see which account the server\n  authenticated you as, invoke the CURRENT_USER() function:\n\nSELECT CURRENT_USER();\n\no For DEFAULT ROLE syntax, ALTER USER requires these privileges:\n\n  o Setting the default roles for another user requires the global\n    CREATE USER privilege, or the UPDATE privilege for the\n    mysql.default_roles system table.\n\n  o Setting the default roles for yourself requires no special\n    privileges, as long as the roles you want as the default have been\n    granted to you.\n\no Statements that modify secondary passwords require these privileges:\n\n  o The APPLICATION_PASSWORD_ADMIN privilege is required to use the\n    RETAIN CURRENT PASSWORD or DISCARD OLD PASSWORD clause for ALTER\n    USER statements that apply to your own account. The privilege is\n    required to manipulate your own secondary password because most\n    users require only one password.\n\n  o If an account is to be permitted to manipulate secondary passwords\n    for all accounts, it requires the CREATE USER privilege rather than\n    APPLICATION_PASSWORD_ADMIN.\n\nWhen the read_only system variable is enabled, ALTER USER additionally\nrequires the CONNECTION_ADMIN or SUPER privilege.\n\nBy default, an error occurs if you try to modify a user that does not\nexist. If the IF EXISTS clause is given, the statement produces a\nwarning for each named user that does not exist, rather than an error.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/alter-user.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/alter-user.html'),(600,'CREATE ROLE',37,'Syntax:\nCREATE ROLE [IF NOT EXISTS] role [, role ] ...\n\nCREATE ROLE creates one or more roles, which are named collections of\nprivileges. To use this statement, you must have the global CREATE ROLE\nor CREATE USER privilege. When the read_only system variable is\nenabled, CREATE ROLE additionally requires the CONNECTION_ADMIN or\nSUPER privilege.\n\nA role when created is locked, has no password, and is assigned the\ndefault authentication plugin. (These role attributes can be changed\nlater with the ALTER USER statement, by users who have the global\nCREATE USER privilege.)\n\nCREATE ROLE either succeeds for all named roles or rolls back and has\nno effect if any error occurs. By default, an error occurs if you try\nto create a role that already exists. If the IF NOT EXISTS clause is\ngiven, the statement produces a warning for each named role that\nalready exists, rather than an error.\n\nThe statement is written to the binary log if it succeeds, but not if\nit fails; in that case, rollback occurs and no changes are made. A\nstatement written to the binary log includes all named roles. If the IF\nNOT EXISTS clause is given, this includes even roles that already exist\nand were not created.\n\nEach role name uses the format described in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/role-names.html. For example:\n\nCREATE ROLE \'administrator\', \'developer\';\nCREATE ROLE \'webapp\'@\'localhost\';\n\nThe host name part of the role name, if omitted, defaults to \'%\'.\n\nFor role usage examples, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/roles.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-role.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-role.html'),(601,'CREATE USER',37,'Syntax:\nCREATE USER [IF NOT EXISTS]\n    user [auth_option] [, user [auth_option]] ...\n    DEFAULT ROLE role [, role ] ...\n    [REQUIRE {NONE | tls_option [[AND] tls_option] ...}]\n    [WITH resource_option [resource_option] ...]\n    [password_option | lock_option] ...\n\nuser:\n    (see )\n\nauth_option: {\n    IDENTIFIED BY \'auth_string\'\n  | IDENTIFIED BY RANDOM PASSWORD\n  | IDENTIFIED WITH auth_plugin\n  | IDENTIFIED WITH auth_plugin BY \'auth_string\'\n  | IDENTIFIED WITH auth_plugin BY RANDOM PASSWORD\n  | IDENTIFIED WITH auth_plugin AS \'auth_string\'\n}\n\ntls_option: {\n   SSL\n | X509\n | CIPHER \'cipher\'\n | ISSUER \'issuer\'\n | SUBJECT \'subject\'\n}\n\nresource_option: {\n    MAX_QUERIES_PER_HOUR count\n  | MAX_UPDATES_PER_HOUR count\n  | MAX_CONNECTIONS_PER_HOUR count\n  | MAX_USER_CONNECTIONS count\n}\n\npassword_option: {\n    PASSWORD EXPIRE [DEFAULT | NEVER | INTERVAL N DAY]\n  | PASSWORD HISTORY {DEFAULT | N}\n  | PASSWORD REUSE INTERVAL {DEFAULT | N DAY}\n  | PASSWORD REQUIRE CURRENT [DEFAULT | OPTIONAL]\n  | FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS N\n  | PASSWORD_LOCK_TIME {N | UNBOUNDED}\n}\n\nlock_option: {\n    ACCOUNT LOCK\n  | ACCOUNT UNLOCK\n}\n\nThe CREATE USER statement creates new MySQL accounts. It enables\nauthentication, role, SSL/TLS, resource-limit, and password-management\nproperties to be established for new accounts. It also controls whether\naccounts are initially locked or unlocked.\n\nTo use CREATE USER, you must have the global CREATE USER privilege, or\nthe INSERT privilege for the mysql system schema. When the read_only\nsystem variable is enabled, CREATE USER additionally requires the\nCONNECTION_ADMIN or SUPER privilege.\n\nCREATE USER either succeeds for all named users or rolls back and has\nno effect if any error occurs. By default, an error occurs if you try\nto create a user that already exists. If the IF NOT EXISTS clause is\ngiven, the statement produces a warning for each named user that\nalready exists, rather than an error.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-user.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-user.html'),(602,'DROP ROLE',37,'Syntax:\nDROP ROLE [IF EXISTS] role [, role ] ...\n\nDROP ROLE removes one or more roles (named collections of privileges).\nTo use this statement, you must have the global DROP ROLE or CREATE\nUSER privilege. When the read_only system variable is enabled, DROP\nROLE additionally requires the CONNECTION_ADMIN or SUPER privilege.\n\nAs of MySQL 8.0.16, users who have the CREATE USER privilege can use\nthis statement to drop accounts that are locked or unlocked. Users who\nhave the DROP ROLE privilege can use this statement only to drop\naccounts that are locked (unlocked accounts are presumably user\naccounts used to log in to the server and not just as roles).\n\nRoles named in the mandatory_roles system variable value cannot be\ndropped.\n\nDROP ROLE either succeeds for all named roles or rolls back and has no\neffect if any error occurs. By default, an error occurs if you try to\ndrop a role that does not exist. If the IF EXISTS clause is given, the\nstatement produces a warning for each named role that does not exist,\nrather than an error.\n\nThe statement is written to the binary log if it succeeds, but not if\nit fails; in that case, rollback occurs and no changes are made. A\nstatement written to the binary log includes all named roles. If the IF\nEXISTS clause is given, this includes even roles that do not exist and\nwere not dropped.\n\nEach role name uses the format described in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/role-names.html. For example:\n\nDROP ROLE \'administrator\', \'developer\';\nDROP ROLE \'webapp\'@\'localhost\';\n\nThe host name part of the role name, if omitted, defaults to \'%\'.\n\nA dropped role is automatically revoked from any user account (or role)\nto which the role was granted. Within any current session for such an\naccount, its adjusted privileges apply beginning with the next\nstatement executed.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/drop-role.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/drop-role.html'),(603,'DROP USER',37,'Syntax:\nDROP USER [IF EXISTS] user [, user] ...\n\nThe DROP USER statement removes one or more MySQL accounts and their\nprivileges. It removes privilege rows for the account from all grant\ntables.\n\nRoles named in the mandatory_roles system variable value cannot be\ndropped.\n\nTo use DROP USER, you must have the global CREATE USER privilege, or\nthe DELETE privilege for the mysql system schema. When the read_only\nsystem variable is enabled, DROP USER additionally requires the\nCONNECTION_ADMIN or SUPER privilege.\n\nDROP USER either succeeds for all named users or rolls back and has no\neffect if any error occurs. By default, an error occurs if you try to\ndrop a user that does not exist. If the IF EXISTS clause is given, the\nstatement produces a warning for each named user that does not exist,\nrather than an error.\n\nThe statement is written to the binary log if it succeeds, but not if\nit fails; in that case, rollback occurs and no changes are made. A\nstatement written to the binary log includes all named users. If the IF\nEXISTS clause is given, this includes even users that do not exist and\nwere not dropped.\n\nEach account name uses the format described in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/account-names.html. For\nexample:\n\nDROP USER \'jeffrey\'@\'localhost\';\n\nThe host name part of the account name, if omitted, defaults to \'%\'.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/drop-user.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/drop-user.html'),(604,'GRANT',37,'Syntax:\nGRANT\n    priv_type [(column_list)]\n      [, priv_type [(column_list)]] ...\n    ON [object_type] priv_level\n    TO user_or_role [, user_or_role] ...\n    [WITH GRANT OPTION]\n    [AS user\n        [WITH ROLE\n            DEFAULT\n          | NONE\n          | ALL\n          | ALL EXCEPT role [, role ] ...\n          | role [, role ] ...\n        ]\n    ]\n}\n\nGRANT PROXY ON user_or_role\n    TO user_or_role [, user_or_role] ...\n    [WITH GRANT OPTION]\n\nGRANT role [, role] ...\n    TO user_or_role [, user_or_role] ...\n    [WITH ADMIN OPTION]\n\nobject_type: {\n    TABLE\n  | FUNCTION\n  | PROCEDURE\n}\n\npriv_level: {\n    *\n  | *.*\n  | db_name.*\n  | db_name.tbl_name\n  | tbl_name\n  | db_name.routine_name\n}\n\nuser_or_role: {\n    user (see https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/account-names.html)\n  | role (see https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/role-names.html)\n}\n\nThe GRANT statement enables system administrators to grant privileges\nand roles, which can be granted to user accounts and roles. These\nsyntax restrictions apply:\n\no GRANT cannot mix granting both privileges and roles in the same\n  statement. A given GRANT statement must grant either privileges or\n  roles.\n\no The ON clause distinguishes whether the statement grants privileges\n  or roles:\n\n  o With ON, the statement grants privileges.\n\n  o Without ON, the statement grants roles.\n\n  o It is permitted to assign both privileges and roles to an account,\n    but you must use separate GRANT statements, each with syntax\n    appropriate to what is to be granted.\n\nFor more information about roles, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/roles.html.\n\nTo use GRANT, you must have the GRANT OPTION privilege, and you must\nhave the privileges that you are granting. When the read_only system\nvariable is enabled, GRANT additionally requires the CONNECTION_ADMIN\nor SUPER privilege.\n\nGRANT either succeeds for all named users and roles or rolls back and\nhas no effect if any error occurs. The statement is written to the\nbinary log only if it succeeds for all named users and roles.\n\nThe REVOKE statement is related to GRANT and enables administrators to\nremove account privileges. See [HELP REVOKE].\n\nEach account name uses the format described in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/account-names.html. Each role\nname uses the format described in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/role-names.html. For example:\n\nGRANT ALL ON db1.* TO \'jeffrey\'@\'localhost\';\nGRANT \'role1\', \'role2\' TO \'user1\'@\'localhost\', \'user2\'@\'localhost\';\nGRANT SELECT ON world.* TO \'role3\';\n\nThe host name part of the account or role name, if omitted, defaults to\n\'%\'.\n\nNormally, a database administrator first uses CREATE USER to create an\naccount and define its nonprivilege characteristics such as its\npassword, whether it uses secure connections, and limits on access to\nserver resources, then uses GRANT to define its privileges. ALTER USER\nmay be used to change the nonprivilege characteristics of existing\naccounts. For example:\n\nCREATE USER \'jeffrey\'@\'localhost\' IDENTIFIED BY \'password\';\nGRANT ALL ON db1.* TO \'jeffrey\'@\'localhost\';\nGRANT SELECT ON db2.invoice TO \'jeffrey\'@\'localhost\';\nALTER USER \'jeffrey\'@\'localhost\' WITH MAX_QUERIES_PER_HOUR 90;\n\nFrom the mysql program, GRANT responds with Query OK, 0 rows affected\nwhen executed successfully. To determine what privileges result from\nthe operation, use SHOW GRANTS. See [HELP SHOW GRANTS].\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/grant.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/grant.html'),(605,'RENAME USER',37,'Syntax:\nRENAME USER old_user TO new_user\n    [, old_user TO new_user] ...\n\nThe RENAME USER statement renames existing MySQL accounts. An error\noccurs for old accounts that do not exist or new accounts that already\nexist.\n\nTo use RENAME USER, you must have the global CREATE USER privilege, or\nthe UPDATE privilege for the mysql system schema. When the read_only\nsystem variable is enabled, RENAME USER additionally requires the\nCONNECTION_ADMIN or SUPER privilege.\n\nEach account name uses the format described in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/account-names.html. For\nexample:\n\nRENAME USER \'jeffrey\'@\'localhost\' TO \'jeff\'@\'127.0.0.1\';\n\nThe host name part of the account name, if omitted, defaults to \'%\'.\n\nRENAME USER causes the privileges held by the old user to be those held\nby the new user. However, RENAME USER does not automatically drop or\ninvalidate databases or objects within them that the old user created.\nThis includes stored programs or views for which the DEFINER attribute\nnames the old user. Attempts to access such objects may produce an\nerror if they execute in definer security context. (For information\nabout security context, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/stored-objects-security.html.)\n\nThe privilege changes take effect as indicated in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/privilege-changes.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/rename-user.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/rename-user.html'),(606,'REVOKE',37,'Syntax:\nREVOKE\n    priv_type [(column_list)]\n      [, priv_type [(column_list)]] ...\n    ON [object_type] priv_level\n    FROM user_or_role [, user_or_role] ...\n\nREVOKE ALL [PRIVILEGES], GRANT OPTION\n    FROM user_or_role [, user_or_role] ...\n\nREVOKE PROXY ON user_or_role\n    FROM user_or_role [, user_or_role] ...\n\nREVOKE role [, role ] ...\n    FROM user_or_role [, user_or_role ] ...\n\nuser_or_role: {\n    user (see https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/account-names.html)\n  | role (see https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/role-names.html.\n}\n\nThe REVOKE statement enables system administrators to revoke privileges\nand roles, which can be revoked from user accounts and roles.\n\nFor details on the levels at which privileges exist, the permissible\npriv_type, priv_level, and object_type values, and the syntax for\nspecifying users and passwords, see [HELP GRANT].\n\nFor information about roles, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/roles.html.\n\nWhen the read_only system variable is enabled, REVOKE requires the\nCONNECTION_ADMIN or SUPER privilege in addition to any other required\nprivileges described in the following discussion.\n\nREVOKE either succeeds for all named users and roles or rolls back and\nhas no effect if any error occurs. The statement is written to the\nbinary log only if it succeeds for all named users and roles.\n\nEach account name uses the format described in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/account-names.html. Each role\nname uses the format described in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/role-names.html. For example:\n\nREVOKE INSERT ON *.* FROM \'jeffrey\'@\'localhost\';\nREVOKE \'role1\', \'role2\' FROM \'user1\'@\'localhost\', \'user2\'@\'localhost\';\nREVOKE SELECT ON world.* FROM \'role3\';\n\nThe host name part of the account or role name, if omitted, defaults to\n\'%\'.\n\nTo use the first REVOKE syntax, you must have the GRANT OPTION\nprivilege, and you must have the privileges that you are revoking.\n\nTo revoke all privileges, use the second syntax, which drops all\nglobal, database, table, column, and routine privileges for the named\nusers or roles:\n\nREVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES, GRANT OPTION\n  FROM user_or_role [, user_or_role] ...\n\nREVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES, GRANT OPTION does not revoke any roles.\n\nTo use this REVOKE syntax, you must have the global CREATE USER\nprivilege, or the UPDATE privilege for the mysql system schema.\n\nThe syntax for which the REVOKE keyword is followed by one or more role\nnames takes a FROM clause indicating one or more users or roles from\nwhich to revoke the roles.\n\nRoles named in the mandatory_roles system variable value cannot be\nrevoked.\n\nA revoked role immediately affects any user account from which it was\nrevoked, such that within any current session for the account, its\nprivileges are adjusted for the next statement executed.\n\nRevoking a role revokes the role itself, not the privileges that it\nrepresents. Suppose that an account is granted a role that includes a\ngiven privilege, and is also granted the privilege explicitly or\nanother role that includes the privilege. In this case, the account\nstill possesses that privilege if the first role is revoked. For\nexample, if an account is granted two roles that each include SELECT,\nthe account still can select after either role is revoked.\n\nREVOKE ALL ON *.* (at the global level) revokes all granted static\nglobal privileges and all granted dynamic privileges.\n\nUser accounts and roles from which privileges and roles are to be\nrevoked must exist, but the privileges and roles to be revoked need not\nbe currently granted to them.\n\nA revoked privilege that is granted but not known to the server is\nrevoked with a warning. This situtation can occur for dynamic\nprivileges. For example, a dynamic privilege can be granted while the\ncomponent that registers it is installed, but if that component is\nsubsequently uninstalled, the privilege becomes unregistered, although\naccounts that possess the privilege still possess it and it can be\nrevoked from them.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/revoke.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/revoke.html'),(607,'SET DEFAULT ROLE',37,'Syntax:\nSET DEFAULT ROLE\n    {NONE | ALL | role [, role ] ...}\n    TO user [, user ] ...\n\nFor each user named immediately after the TO keyword, this statement\ndefines which roles become active when the user connects to the server\nand authenticates, or when the user executes the SET ROLE DEFAULT\nstatement during a session.\n\nSET DEFAULT ROLE is alternative syntax for ALTER USER ... DEFAULT ROLE\n(see [HELP ALTER USER]). However, ALTER USER can set the default for\nonly a single user, whereas SET DEFAULT ROLE can set the default for\nmultiple users. On the other hand, you can specify CURRENT_USER as the\nuser name for the ALTER USER statement, whereas you cannot for SET\nDEFAULT ROLE.\n\nSET DEFAULT ROLE requires these privileges:\n\no Setting the default roles for another user requires the global CREATE\n  USER privilege, or the UPDATE privilege for the mysql.default_roles\n  system table.\n\no Setting the default roles for yourself requires no special\n  privileges, as long as the roles you want as the default have been\n  granted to you.\n\nEach role name uses the format described in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/role-names.html. For example:\n\nSET DEFAULT ROLE administrator, developer TO \'joe\'@\'10.0.0.1\';\n\nThe host name part of the role name, if omitted, defaults to \'%\'.\n\nThe clause following the DEFAULT ROLE keywords permits these values:\n\no NONE: Set the default to NONE (no roles).\n\no ALL: Set the default to all roles granted to the account.\n\no role [, role ] ...: Set the default to the named roles, which must\n  exist and be granted to the account at the time SET DEFAULT ROLE is\n  executed.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/set-default-role.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/set-default-role.html'),(608,'SET PASSWORD',37,'Syntax:\nSET PASSWORD [FOR user] auth_option\n    [REPLACE \'current_auth_string\']\n    [RETAIN CURRENT PASSWORD]\n\nauth_option: {\n    = \'auth_string\'\n  | TO RANDOM\n}\n\nThe SET PASSWORD statement assigns a password to a MySQL user account.\nThe password may be either explicitly specified in the statement or\nrandomly generated by MySQL. The statement may also include a\npassword-verification clause that specifies the account current\npassword to be replaced, and a clause that manages whether an account\nhas a secondary password. \'auth_string\' and \'current_auth_string\' each\nrepresent a cleartext (unencrypted) password.\n\n*Note*:\n\nRather than using SET PASSWORD to assign passwords, ALTER USER is the\npreferred statement for account alterations, including assigning\npasswords. For example:\n\nALTER USER user IDENTIFIED BY \'auth_string\';\n\n*Note*:\n\nClauses for random password generation, password verification, and\nsecondary passwords apply only to accounts that use an authentication\nplugin that stores credentials internally to MySQL. For accounts that\nuse a plugin that performs authentication against a credentials system\nthat is external to MySQL, password management must be handled\nexternally against that system as well. For more information about\ninternal credentials storage, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/password-management.html.\n\nThe REPLACE \'current_auth_string\' clause performs password verification\nand is available as of MySQL 8.0.13. If given:\n\no REPLACE specifies the account current password to be replaced, as a\n  cleartext (unencrypted) string.\n\no The clause must be given if password changes for the account are\n  required to specify the current password, as verification that the\n  user attempting to make the change actually knows the current\n  password.\n\no The clause is optional if password changes for the account may but\n  need not specify the current password.\n\no The statement fails if the clause is given but does not match the\n  current password, even if the clause is optional.\n\no REPLACE can be specified only when changing the account password for\n  the current user.\n\nFor more information about password verification by specifying the\ncurrent password, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/password-management.html.\n\nThe RETAIN CURRENT PASSWORD clause implements dual-password capability\nand is available as of MySQL 8.0.14. If given:\n\no RETAIN CURRENT PASSWORD retains an account current password as its\n  secondary password, replacing any existing secondary password. The\n  new password becomes the primary password, but clients can use the\n  account to connect to the server using either the primary or\n  secondary password. (Exception: If the new password specified by the\n  SET PASSWORD statement is empty, the secondary password becomes empty\n  as well, even if RETAIN CURRENT PASSWORD is given.)\n\no If you specify RETAIN CURRENT PASSWORD for an account that has an\n  empty primary password, the statement fails.\n\no If an account has a secondary password and you change its primary\n  password without specifying RETAIN CURRENT PASSWORD, the secondary\n  password remains unchanged.\n\nFor more information about use of dual passwords, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/password-management.html.\n\nSET PASSWORD permits these auth_option syntaxes:\n\no = \'auth_string\'\n\n  Assigns the account the given literal password.\n\no TO RANDOM\n\n  Assigns the account a password randomly generated by MySQL. The\n  statement also returns the cleartext password in a result set to make\n  it available to the user or application executing the statement.\n\n  For details about the result set and characteristics of randomly\n  generated passwords, see\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/password-management.html#rand\n  om-password-generation.\n\n  Random password generation is available as of MySQL 8.0.18.\n\n*Important*:\n\nUnder some circumstances, SET PASSWORD may be recorded in server logs\nor on the client side in a history file such as ~/.mysql_history, which\nmeans that cleartext passwords may be read by anyone having read access\nto that information. For information about the conditions under which\nthis occurs for the server logs and how to control it, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/password-logging.html. For\nsimilar information about client-side logging, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/mysql-logging.html.\n\nSET PASSWORD can be used with or without a FOR clause that explicitly\nnames a user account:\n\no With a FOR user clause, the statement sets the password for the named\n  account, which must exist:\n\nSET PASSWORD FOR \'jeffrey\'@\'localhost\' = \'auth_string\';\n\no With no FOR user clause, the statement sets the password for the\n  current user:\n\nSET PASSWORD = \'auth_string\';\n\n  Any client who connects to the server using a nonanonymous account\n  can change the password for that account. (In particular, you can\n  change your own password.) To see which account the server\n  authenticated you as, invoke the CURRENT_USER() function:\n\nSELECT CURRENT_USER();\n\nIf a FOR user clause is given, the account name uses the format\ndescribed in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/account-names.html. For\nexample:\n\nSET PASSWORD FOR \'bob\'@\'%.example.org\' = \'auth_string\';\n\nThe host name part of the account name, if omitted, defaults to \'%\'.\n\nSET PASSWORD interprets the string as a cleartext string, passes it to\nthe authentication plugin associated with the account, and stores the\nresult returned by the plugin in the account row in the mysql.user\nsystem table. (The plugin is given the opportunity to hash the value\ninto the encryption format it expects. The plugin may use the value as\nspecified, in which case no hashing occurs.)\n\nSetting the password for a named account (with a FOR clause) requires\nthe UPDATE privilege for the mysql system schema. Setting the password\nfor yourself (for a nonanonymous account with no FOR clause) requires\nno special privileges.\n\nStatements that modify secondary passwords require these privileges:\n\no The APPLICATION_PASSWORD_ADMIN privilege is required to use the\n  RETAIN CURRENT PASSWORD clause for SET PASSWORD statements that apply\n  to your own account. The privilege is required to manipulate your own\n  secondary password because most users require only one password.\n\no If an account is to be permitted to manipulate secondary passwords\n  for all accounts, it should be granted the CREATE USER privilege\n  rather than APPLICATION_PASSWORD_ADMIN.\n\nWhen the read_only system variable is enabled, SET PASSWORD requires\nthe CONNECTION_ADMIN or SUPER privilege in addition to any other\nrequired privileges.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/set-password.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/set-password.html'),(609,'SET ROLE',37,'Syntax:\nSET ROLE {\n    DEFAULT\n  | NONE\n  | ALL\n  | ALL EXCEPT role [, role ] ...\n  | role [, role ] ...\n}\n\nSET ROLE modifies the current user\'s effective privileges within the\ncurrent session by specifying which of its granted roles are active.\nGranted roles include those granted explicitly to the user and those\nnamed in the mandatory_roles system variable value.\n\nExamples:\n\nSET ROLE DEFAULT;\nSET ROLE \'role1\', \'role2\';\nSET ROLE ALL;\nSET ROLE ALL EXCEPT \'role1\', \'role2\';\n\nEach role name uses the format described in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/role-names.html. The host name\npart of the role name, if omitted, defaults to \'%\'.\n\nPrivileges that the user has been granted directly (rather than through\nroles) remain unaffected by changes to the active roles.\n\nThe statement permits these role specifiers:\n\no DEFAULT: Activate the account default roles. Default roles are those\n  specified with SET DEFAULT ROLE.\n\n  When a user connects to the server and authenticates successfully,\n  the server determines which roles to activate as the default roles.\n  If the activate_all_roles_on_login system variable is enabled, the\n  server activates all granted roles. Otherwise, the server executes\n  SET ROLE DEFAULT implicitly. The server activates only default roles\n  that can be activated. The server writes warnings to its error log\n  for default roles that cannot be activated, but the client receives\n  no warnings.\n\n  If a user executes SET ROLE DEFAULT during a session, an error occurs\n  if any default role cannot be activated (for example, if it does not\n  exist or is not granted to the user). In this case, the current\n  active roles are not changed.\n\no NONE: Set the active roles to NONE (no active roles).\n\no ALL: Activate all roles granted to the account.\n\no ALL EXCEPT role [, role ] ...: Activate all roles granted to the\n  account except those named. The named roles need not exist or be\n  granted to the account.\n\no role [, role ] ...: Activate the named roles, which must be granted\n  to the account.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/set-role.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/set-role.html'),(610,'ALTER RESOURCE GROUP',37,'Syntax:\nALTER RESOURCE GROUP group_name\n    [VCPU [=] vcpu_spec [, vcpu_spec] ...]\n    [THREAD_PRIORITY [=] N]\n    [ENABLE|DISABLE [FORCE]]\n\nvcpu_spec: {N | M - N}\n\nALTER RESOURCE GROUP is used for resource group management (see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/resource-groups.html). This\nstatement alters modifiable attributes of an existing resource group.\nIt requires the RESOURCE_GROUP_ADMIN privilege.\n\ngroup_name identifies which resource group to alter. If the group does\nnot exist, an error occurs.\n\nThe attributes for CPU affinity, priority, and whether the group is\nenabled can be modified with ALTER RESOURCE GROUP. These attributes are\nspecified the same way as described for CREATE RESOURCE GROUP (see\n[HELP CREATE RESOURCE GROUP]). Only the attributes specified are\naltered. Unspecified attributes retain their current values.\n\nThe FORCE modifier is used with DISABLE. It determines statement\nbehavior if the resource group has any threads assigned to it:\n\no If FORCE is not given, existing threads in the group continue to run\n  until they terminate, but new threads cannot be assigned to the\n  group.\n\no If FORCE is given, existing threads in the group are moved to their\n  respective default group (system threads to SYS_default, user threads\n  to USR_default).\n\nThe name and type attributes are set at group creation time and cannot\nbe modified thereafter with ALTER RESOURCE GROUP.\n\nExamples:\n\no Alter a group CPU affinity:\n\nALTER RESOURCE GROUP rg1 VCPU = 0-63;\n\no Alter a group thread priority:\n\nALTER RESOURCE GROUP rg2 THREAD_PRIORITY = 5;\n\no Disable a group, moving any threads assigned to it to the default\n  groups:\n\nALTER RESOURCE GROUP rg3 DISABLE FORCE;\n\nResource group management is local to the server on which it occurs.\nALTER RESOURCE GROUP statements are not written to the binary log and\nare not replicated.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/alter-resource-group.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/alter-resource-group.html'),(611,'CREATE RESOURCE GROUP',37,'Syntax:\nCREATE RESOURCE GROUP group_name\n    TYPE = {SYSTEM|USER}\n    [VCPU [=] vcpu_spec [, vcpu_spec] ...]\n    [THREAD_PRIORITY [=] N]\n    [ENABLE|DISABLE]\n\nvcpu_spec: {N | M - N}\n\nCREATE RESOURCE GROUP is used for resource group management (see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/resource-groups.html). This\nstatement creates a new resource group and assigns its initial\nattribute values. It requires the RESOURCE_GROUP_ADMIN privilege.\n\ngroup_name identifies which resource group to create. If the group\nalready exists, an error occurs.\n\nThe TYPE attribute is required. It should be SYSTEM for a system\nresource group, USER for a user resource group. The group type affects\npermitted THREAD_PRIORITY values, as described later.\n\nThe VCPU attribute indicates the CPU affinity; that is, the set of\nvirtual CPUs the group can use:\n\no If VCPU is not given, the resource group has no CPU affinity and can\n  use all available CPUs.\n\no If VCPU is given, the attribute value is a list of comma-separated\n  CPU numbers or ranges:\n\n  o Each number must be an integer in the range from 0 to the number of\n    CPUs − 1. For example, on a system with 64 CPUs, the number can\n    range from 0 to 63.\n\n  o A range is given in the form M − N, where M is less than or equal\n    to N and both numbers are in the CPU range.\n\n  o If a CPU number is an integer outside the permitted range or is not\n    an integer, an error occurs.\n\nExample VCPU specifiers (these are all equivalent):\n\nVCPU = 0,1,2,3,9,10\nVCPU = 0-3,9-10\nVCPU = 9,10,0-3\nVCPU = 0,10,1,9,3,2\n\nThe THREAD_PRIORITY attribute indicates the priority for threads\nassigned to the group:\n\no If THREAD_PRIORITY is not given, the default priority is 0.\n\no If THREAD_PRIORITY is given, the attribute value must be in the range\n  from -20 (highest priority) to 19 (lowest priority). The priority for\n  system resource groups must be in the range from -20 to 0. The\n  priority for user resource groups must be in the range from 0 to 19.\n  Use of different ranges for system and user groups ensures that user\n  threads never have a higher priority than system threads.\n\nENABLE and DISABLE specify that the resource group is initially enabled\nor disabled. If neither is specified, the group is enabled by default.\nA disabled group cannot have threads assigned to it.\n\nExamples:\n\no Create an enabled user group that has a single CPU and the lowest\n  priority:\n\nCREATE RESOURCE GROUP rg1\n  TYPE = USER\n  VCPU = 0\n  THREAD_PRIORITY = 19;\n\no Create a disabled system group that has no CPU affinity (can use all\n  CPUs) and the highest priority:\n\nCREATE RESOURCE GROUP rg2\n  TYPE = SYSTEM\n  THREAD_PRIORITY = -20\n  DISABLE;\n\nResource group management is local to the server on which it occurs.\nCREATE RESOURCE GROUP statements are not written to the binary log and\nare not replicated.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-resource-group.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-resource-group.html'),(612,'DROP RESOURCE GROUP',37,'Syntax:\nDROP RESOURCE GROUP group_name [FORCE]\n\nDROP RESOURCE GROUP is used for resource group management (see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/resource-groups.html). This\nstatement drops a resource group. It requires the RESOURCE_GROUP_ADMIN\nprivilege.\n\ngroup_name identifies which resource group to drop. If the group does\nnot exist, an error occurs.\n\nThe FORCE modifier determines statement behavior if the resource group\nhas any threads assigned to it:\n\no If FORCE is not given and any threads are assigned to the group, an\n  error occurs.\n\no If FORCE is given, existing threads in the group are moved to their\n  respective default group (system threads to SYS_default, user threads\n  to USR_default).\n\nExamples:\n\no Drop a group, failing if the group contains any threads:\n\nDROP RESOURCE GROUP rg1;\n\no Drop a group and move existing threads to the default groups:\n\nDROP RESOURCE GROUP rg2 FORCE;\n\nResource group management is local to the server on which it occurs.\nDROP RESOURCE GROUP statements are not written to the binary log and\nare not replicated.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/drop-resource-group.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/drop-resource-group.html'),(613,'SET RESOURCE GROUP',37,'Syntax:\nSET RESOURCE GROUP group_name\n    [FOR thread_id [, thread_id] ...]\n\nSET RESOURCE GROUP is used for resource group management (see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/resource-groups.html). This\nstatement assigns threads to a resource group. It requires the\nRESOURCE_GROUP_ADMIN or RESOURCE_GROUP_USER privilege.\n\ngroup_name identifies which resource group to be assigned. Any\nthread_id values indicate threads to assign to the group. Thread IDs\ncan be determined from the Performance Schema threads table. If the\nresource group or any named thread ID does not exist, an error occurs.\n\nWith no FOR clause, the statement assigns the current thread for the\nsession to the resource group.\n\nWith a FOR clause that names thread IDs, the statement assigns those\nthreads to the resource group.\n\nFor attempts to assign a system thread to a user resource group or a\nuser thread to a system resource group, a warning occurs.\n\nExamples:\n\no Assign the current session thread to a group:\n\nSET RESOURCE GROUP rg1;\n\no Assign the named threads to a group:\n\nSET RESOURCE GROUP rg2 FOR 14, 78, 4;\n\nResource group management is local to the server on which it occurs.\nSET RESOURCE GROUP statements are not written to the binary log and are\nnot replicated.\n\nAn alternative to SET RESOURCE GROUP is the RESOURCE_GROUP optimizer\nhint, which assigns individual statements to a resource group. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/optimizer-hints.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/set-resource-group.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/set-resource-group.html'),(614,'ANALYZE TABLE',38,'Syntax:\nANALYZE [NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG | LOCAL]\n    TABLE tbl_name [, tbl_name] ...\n\nANALYZE [NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG | LOCAL]\n    TABLE tbl_name\n    UPDATE HISTOGRAM ON col_name [, col_name] ...\n        [WITH N BUCKETS]\n\nANALYZE [NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG | LOCAL]\n    TABLE tbl_name\n    DROP HISTOGRAM ON col_name [, col_name] ...\n\nANALYZE TABLE generates table statistics:\n\no ANALYZE TABLE without either HISTOGRAM clause performs a key\n  distribution analysis and stores the distribution for the named table\n  or tables. For MyISAM tables, ANALYZE TABLE for key distribution\n  analysis is equivalent to using myisamchk --analyze.\n\no ANALYZE TABLE with the UPDATE HISTOGRAM clause generates histogram\n  statistics for the named table columns and stores them in the data\n  dictionary. Only one table name is permitted for this syntax.\n\no ANALYZE TABLE with the DROP HISTOGRAM clause removes histogram\n  statistics for the named table columns from the data dictionary. Only\n  one table name is permitted for this syntax.\n\nThis statement requires SELECT and INSERT privileges for the table.\n\nANALYZE TABLE works with InnoDB, NDB, and MyISAM tables. It does not\nwork with views.\n\nIf the innodb_read_only system variable is enabled, ANALYZE TABLE may\nfail because it cannot update statistics tables in the data dictionary,\nwhich use InnoDB. For ANALYZE TABLE operations that update the key\ndistribution, failure may occur even if the operation updates the table\nitself (for example, if it is a MyISAM table). To obtain the updated\ndistribution statistics, set information_schema_stats_expiry=0.\n\nANALYZE TABLE is supported for partitioned tables, and you can use\nALTER TABLE ... ANALYZE PARTITION to analyze one or more partitions;\nfor more information, see [HELP ALTER TABLE], and\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/partitioning-maintenance.html.\n\nDuring the analysis, the table is locked with a read lock for InnoDB\nand MyISAM.\n\nANALYZE TABLE removes the table from the table definition cache, which\nrequires a flush lock. If there are long running statements or\ntransactions still using the table, subsequent statements and\ntransactions must wait for those operations to finish before the flush\nlock is released. Because ANALYZE TABLE itself typically finishes\nquickly, it may not be apparent that delayed transactions or statements\ninvolving the same table are due to the remaining flush lock.\n\nBy default, the server writes ANALYZE TABLE statements to the binary\nlog so that they replicate to replication slaves. To suppress logging,\nspecify the optional NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG keyword or its alias LOCAL.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/analyze-table.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/analyze-table.html'),(615,'CHECK TABLE',38,'Syntax:\nCHECK TABLE tbl_name [, tbl_name] ... [option] ...\n\noption: {\n    FOR UPGRADE\n  | QUICK\n  | FAST\n  | MEDIUM\n  | EXTENDED\n  | CHANGED\n}\n\nCHECK TABLE checks a table or tables for errors. CHECK TABLE can also\ncheck views for problems, such as tables that are referenced in the\nview definition that no longer exist.\n\nTo check a table, you must have some privilege for it.\n\nCHECK TABLE works for InnoDB, MyISAM, ARCHIVE, and CSV tables.\n\nBefore running CHECK TABLE on InnoDB tables, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/check-table.html#check-table-in\nnodb.\n\nCHECK TABLE is supported for partitioned tables, and you can use ALTER\nTABLE ... CHECK PARTITION to check one or more partitions; for more\ninformation, see [HELP ALTER TABLE], and\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/partitioning-maintenance.html.\n\nCHECK TABLE ignores virtual generated columns that are not indexed.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/check-table.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/check-table.html'),(616,'CHECKSUM TABLE',38,'Syntax:\nCHECKSUM TABLE tbl_name [, tbl_name] ... [QUICK | EXTENDED]\n\nCHECKSUM TABLE reports a checksum for the contents of a table. You can\nuse this statement to verify that the contents are the same before and\nafter a backup, rollback, or other operation that is intended to put\nthe data back to a known state.\n\nThis statement requires the SELECT privilege for the table.\n\nThis statement is not supported for views. If you run CHECKSUM TABLE\nagainst a view, the Checksum value is always NULL, and a warning is\nreturned.\n\nFor a nonexistent table, CHECKSUM TABLE returns NULL and generates a\nwarning.\n\nDuring the checksum operation, the table is locked with a read lock for\nInnoDB and MyISAM.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/checksum-table.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/checksum-table.html'),(617,'OPTIMIZE TABLE',38,'Syntax:\nOPTIMIZE [NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG | LOCAL]\n    TABLE tbl_name [, tbl_name] ...\n\nOPTIMIZE TABLE reorganizes the physical storage of table data and\nassociated index data, to reduce storage space and improve I/O\nefficiency when accessing the table. The exact changes made to each\ntable depend on the storage engine used by that table.\n\nUse OPTIMIZE TABLE in these cases, depending on the type of table:\n\no After doing substantial insert, update, or delete operations on an\n  InnoDB table that has its own .ibd file because it was created with\n  the innodb_file_per_table option enabled. The table and indexes are\n  reorganized, and disk space can be reclaimed for use by the operating\n  system.\n\no After doing substantial insert, update, or delete operations on\n  columns that are part of a FULLTEXT index in an InnoDB table. Set the\n  configuration option innodb_optimize_fulltext_only=1 first. To keep\n  the index maintenance period to a reasonable time, set the\n  innodb_ft_num_word_optimize option to specify how many words to\n  update in the search index, and run a sequence of OPTIMIZE TABLE\n  statements until the search index is fully updated.\n\no After deleting a large part of a MyISAM or ARCHIVE table, or making\n  many changes to a MyISAM or ARCHIVE table with variable-length rows\n  (tables that have VARCHAR, VARBINARY, BLOB, or TEXT columns). Deleted\n  rows are maintained in a linked list and subsequent INSERT operations\n  reuse old row positions. You can use OPTIMIZE TABLE to reclaim the\n  unused space and to defragment the data file. After extensive changes\n  to a table, this statement may also improve performance of statements\n  that use the table, sometimes significantly.\n\nThis statement requires SELECT and INSERT privileges for the table.\n\nOPTIMIZE TABLE works for InnoDB, MyISAM, and ARCHIVE tables. OPTIMIZE\nTABLE is also supported for dynamic columns of in-memory NDB tables. It\ndoes not work for fixed-width columns of in-memory tables, nor does it\nwork for Disk Data tables. The performance of OPTIMIZE on NDB Cluster\ntables can be tuned using --ndb-optimization-delay, which controls the\nlength of time to wait between processing batches of rows by OPTIMIZE\nTABLE. For more information, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/mysql-cluster-limitations-resol\nved.html.\n\nFor NDB Cluster tables, OPTIMIZE TABLE can be interrupted by (for\nexample) killing the SQL thread performing the OPTIMIZE operation.\n\nBy default, OPTIMIZE TABLE does not work for tables created using any\nother storage engine and returns a result indicating this lack of\nsupport. You can make OPTIMIZE TABLE work for other storage engines by\nstarting mysqld with the --skip-new option. In this case, OPTIMIZE\nTABLE is just mapped to ALTER TABLE.\n\nThis statement does not work with views.\n\nOPTIMIZE TABLE is supported for partitioned tables. For information\nabout using this statement with partitioned tables and table\npartitions, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/partitioning-maintenance.html.\n\nBy default, the server writes OPTIMIZE TABLE statements to the binary\nlog so that they replicate to replication slaves. To suppress logging,\nspecify the optional NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG keyword or its alias LOCAL.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/optimize-table.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/optimize-table.html'),(618,'REPAIR TABLE',38,'Syntax:\nREPAIR [NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG | LOCAL]\n    TABLE tbl_name [, tbl_name] ...\n    [QUICK] [EXTENDED] [USE_FRM]\n\nREPAIR TABLE repairs a possibly corrupted table, for certain storage\nengines only.\n\nThis statement requires SELECT and INSERT privileges for the table.\n\nAlthough normally you should never have to run REPAIR TABLE, if\ndisaster strikes, this statement is very likely to get back all your\ndata from a MyISAM table. If your tables become corrupted often, try to\nfind the reason for it, to eliminate the need to use REPAIR TABLE. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/crashing.html, and\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/myisam-table-problems.html.\n\nREPAIR TABLE checks the table to see whether an upgrade is required. If\nso, it performs the upgrade, following the same rules as CHECK TABLE\n... FOR UPGRADE. See [HELP CHECK TABLE], for more information.\n\n*Important*:\n\no Make a backup of a table before performing a table repair operation;\n  under some circumstances the operation might cause data loss.\n  Possible causes include but are not limited to file system errors.\n  See https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/backup-and-recovery.html.\n\no If the server crashes during a REPAIR TABLE operation, it is\n  essential after restarting it that you immediately execute another\n  REPAIR TABLE statement for the table before performing any other\n  operations on it. In the worst case, you might have a new clean index\n  file without information about the data file, and then the next\n  operation you perform could overwrite the data file. This is an\n  unlikely but possible scenario that underscores the value of making a\n  backup first.\n\no In the event that a table on the master becomes corrupted and you run\n  REPAIR TABLE on it, any resulting changes to the original table are\n  not propagated to slaves.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/repair-table.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/repair-table.html'),(619,'CREATE FUNCTION UDF',39,'Syntax:\nCREATE [AGGREGATE] FUNCTION function_name\n    RETURNS {STRING|INTEGER|REAL|DECIMAL}\n    SONAME shared_library_name\n\nA user-defined function (UDF) is a way to extend MySQL with a new\nfunction that works like a native (built-in) MySQL function such as\nABS() or CONCAT().\n\nfunction_name is the name that should be used in SQL statements to\ninvoke the function. The RETURNS clause indicates the type of the\nfunction\'s return value. DECIMAL is a legal value after RETURNS, but\ncurrently DECIMAL functions return string values and should be written\nlike STRING functions.\n\nshared_library_name is the base name of the shared library file that\ncontains the code that implements the function. The file must be\nlocated in the plugin directory. This directory is given by the value\nof the plugin_dir system variable. For more information, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/udf-loading.html.\n\nTo create a function, you must have the INSERT privilege for the mysql\nsystem schema. This is necessary because CREATE FUNCTION adds a row to\nthe mysql.func system table that records the function\'s name, type, and\nshared library name.\n\nUDFs registered using CREATE FUNCTION are listed in the Performance\nSchema user_defined_functions table; see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/user-defined-functions-table.ht\nml.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-function-udf.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-function-udf.html'),(620,'DROP FUNCTION UDF',39,'Syntax:\nDROP FUNCTION function_name\n\nThis statement drops the user-defined function (UDF) named\nfunction_name.\n\nTo drop a function, you must have the DELETE privilege for the mysql\nsystem schema. This is because DROP FUNCTION removes a row from the\nmysql.func system table that records the function\'s name, type, and\nshared library name.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/drop-function-udf.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/drop-function-udf.html'),(621,'INSTALL COMPONENT',40,'Syntax:\nINSTALL COMPONENT component_name [, component_name ] ...\n\nThis statement installs one or more server components, which become\nactive immediately. A component provides services that are available to\nthe server and other components; see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-components.html. INSTALL\nCOMPONENT requires the INSERT privilege for the mysql.component system\ntable.\n\nExample:\n\nINSTALL COMPONENT \'file://component1\', \'file://component2\';\n\nComponent names are URNs that begin with file:// and indicate the base\nname of the file that implements the component, located in the\ndirectory named by the plugin_dir system variable. Component names do\nnot include any platform-dependent file name suffix such as .so or\n.dll. (These naming details are subject to change because component\nname interpretation is itself performed by a service and the component\ninfrastructure makes it possible to replace the default service\nimplementation with alternative implementations.)\n\nIf any error occurs, the statement fails and has no effect. For\nexample, this happens if a component name is erroneous, a named\ncomponent does not exist or is already installed, or component\ninitialization fails.\n\nA loader service handles component loading, which includes adding\ninstalled components to the mysql.component system table that serves as\na registry. For subsequent server restarts, any components listed in\nmysql.component are loaded by the loader service during the startup\nsequence. This occurs even if the server is started with the\n--skip-grant-tables option.\n\nIf a component depends on services not present in the registry and you\nattempt to install the component without also installing the component\nor components that provide the services on which it depends, an error\noccurs:\n\nERROR 3527 (HY000): Cannot satisfy dependency for service \'component_a\'\nrequired by component \'component_b\'.\n\nTo avoid this problem, either install all components in the same\nstatement, or install the dependent component after installing any\ncomponents on which it depends.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/install-component.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/install-component.html'),(622,'INSTALL PLUGIN',41,'Syntax:\nINSTALL PLUGIN plugin_name SONAME \'shared_library_name\'\n\nThis statement installs a server plugin. It requires the INSERT\nprivilege for the mysql.plugin system table.\n\nplugin_name is the name of the plugin as defined in the plugin\ndescriptor structure contained in the library file (see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/plugin-data-structures.html).\nPlugin names are not case-sensitive. For maximal compatibility, plugin\nnames should be limited to ASCII letters, digits, and underscore\nbecause they are used in C source files, shell command lines, M4 and\nBourne shell scripts, and SQL environments.\n\nshared_library_name is the name of the shared library that contains the\nplugin code. The name includes the file name extension (for example,\nlibmyplugin.so, libmyplugin.dll, or libmyplugin.dylib).\n\nThe shared library must be located in the plugin directory (the\ndirectory named by the plugin_dir system variable). The library must be\nin the plugin directory itself, not in a subdirectory. By default,\nplugin_dir is the plugin directory under the directory named by the\npkglibdir configuration variable, but it can be changed by setting the\nvalue of plugin_dir at server startup. For example, set its value in a\nmy.cnf file:\n\n[mysqld]\nplugin_dir=/path/to/plugin/directory\n\nIf the value of plugin_dir is a relative path name, it is taken to be\nrelative to the MySQL base directory (the value of the basedir system\nvariable).\n\nINSTALL PLUGIN loads and initializes the plugin code to make the plugin\navailable for use. A plugin is initialized by executing its\ninitialization function, which handles any setup that the plugin must\nperform before it can be used. When the server shuts down, it executes\nthe deinitialization function for each plugin that is loaded so that\nthe plugin has a chance to perform any final cleanup.\n\nINSTALL PLUGIN also registers the plugin by adding a line that\nindicates the plugin name and library file name to the mysql.plugin\nsystem table. At server startup, the server loads and initializes any\nplugin that is listed in mysql.plugin. This means that a plugin is\ninstalled with INSTALL PLUGIN only once, not every time the server\nstarts. Plugin loading at startup does not occur if the server is\nstarted with the --skip-grant-tables option.\n\nA plugin library can contain multiple plugins. For each of them to be\ninstalled, use a separate INSTALL PLUGIN statement. Each statement\nnames a different plugin, but all of them specify the same library\nname.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/install-plugin.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/install-plugin.html'),(623,'UNINSTALL COMPONENT',40,'Syntax:\nUNINSTALL COMPONENT component_name [, component_name ] ...\n\nThis statement deactivates and uninstalls one or more server\ncomponents. A component provides services that are available to the\nserver and other components; see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-components.html.\nUNINSTALL COMPONENT is the complement of INSTALL COMPONENT. It requires\nthe DELETE privilege for the mysql.component system table.\n\nExample:\n\nUNINSTALL COMPONENT \'file://component1\', \'file://component2\';\n\nFor information about component naming, see [HELP INSTALL COMPONENT].\n\nIf any error occurs, the statement fails and has no effect. For\nexample, this happens if a component name is erroneous, a named\ncomponent is not installed, or cannot be uninstalled because other\ninstalled components depend on it.\n\nA loader service handles component unloading, which includes removing\nuninstalled components from the mysql.component system table that\nserves as a registry. As a result, unloaded components are not loaded\nduring the startup sequence for subsequent server restarts.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/uninstall-component.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/uninstall-component.html'),(624,'UNINSTALL PLUGIN',40,'Syntax:\nUNINSTALL PLUGIN plugin_name\n\nThis statement removes an installed server plugin. It requires the\nDELETE privilege for the mysql.plugin system table. UNINSTALL PLUGIN is\nthe complement of INSTALL PLUGIN.\n\nplugin_name must be the name of some plugin that is listed in the\nmysql.plugin table. The server executes the plugin\'s deinitialization\nfunction and removes the row for the plugin from the mysql.plugin\nsystem table, so that subsequent server restarts will not load and\ninitialize the plugin. UNINSTALL PLUGIN does not remove the plugin\'s\nshared library file.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/uninstall-plugin.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/uninstall-plugin.html'),(625,'CLONE',40,'Syntax:\nCLONE clone_action\n\nclone_action: {\n    LOCAL DATA DIRECTORY [=] \'clone_dir\';\n  | INSTANCE FROM \'user\'@\'host\':port\n    IDENTIFIED BY \'password\'\n    [DATA DIRECTORY [=] \'clone_dir\']\n    [REQUIRE [NO] SSL]\n}	\n\nThe CLONE statement is used to clone data locally or from a remote\nMySQL server instance. To use CLONE syntax, the clone plugin must be\ninstalled. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/clone-plugin.html.\n\nCLONE LOCAL DATA DIRECTORY syntax clones data from the local MySQL data\ndirectory to a directory on the same server or node where the MySQL\nserver instance runs. The \'clone_dir\' directory is the full path of the\nlocal directory that data is cloned to. An absolute path is required.\nThe specified directory must not exist, but the specified path must be\nan existent path. The MySQL server requires the necessary write access\nto create the specified directory. For more information, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/clone-plugin-local.html.\n\nCLONE INSTANCE syntax clones data from a remote MySQL server instance\n(the donor) and transfers it to the MySQL instance where the cloning\noperation was initiated (the recipient).\n\no user is the clone user on the donor MySQL server instance.\n\no host is the hostname address of the donor MySQL server instance.\n  Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) address format is not supported.\n  An alias to the IPv6 address can be used instead. An IPv4 address can\n  be used as is.\n\no port is the port number of the donor MySQL server instance. (The X\n  Protocol port specified by mysqlx_port is not supported. Connecting\n  to the donor MySQL server instance through MySQL Router is also not\n  supported.)\n\no IDENTIFIED BY \'password\' specifies the password of the clone user on\n  the donor MySQL server instance.\n\no DATA DIRECTORY [=] \'clone_dir\' is an optional clause used to specify\n  a directory on the recipient for the data you are cloning. Use this\n  option if you do not want to remove existing data in the recipient\n  data directory. An absolute path is required, and the directory must\n  not exist. The MySQL server must have the necessary write access to\n  create the directory.\n\n  When the optional DATA DIRECTORY [=] \'clone_dir\' clause is not used,\n  a cloning operation removes existing data in the recipient data\n  directory, replaces it with the cloned data, and automatically\n  restarts the server afterward.\n\no [REQUIRE [NO] SSL] explicitly specifies whether an encrypted\n  connection is to be used or not when transferring cloned data over\n  the network. An error is returned if the explicit specification\n  cannot be satisfied. If an SSL clause is not specified, clone\n  attempts to establish an encrypted connection by default, falling\n  back to an insecure connection if the secure connection attempt\n  fails. A secure connection is required when cloning encrypted data\n  regardless of whether this clause is specified. For more information,\n  see\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/clone-plugin-remote.html#clon\n  e-plugin-remote-ssl.\n\nFor additional information about cloning data from a remote MySQL\nserver instance, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/clone-plugin-remote.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/clone.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/clone.html'),(626,'SET',3,'Syntax:\nSET variable = expr [, variable = expr] ...\n\nvariable: {\n    user_var_name\n  | param_name\n  | local_var_name\n  | {GLOBAL | @@GLOBAL.} system_var_name\n  | {PERSIST | @@PERSIST.} system_var_name\n  | {PERSIST_ONLY | @@PERSIST_ONLY.} system_var_name\n  | [SESSION | @@SESSION. | @@] system_var_name\n}\n\nSET syntax for variable assignment enables you to assign values to\ndifferent types of variables that affect the operation of the server or\nclients:\n\no User-defined variables. See\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/user-variables.html.\n\no Stored procedure and function parameters, and stored program local\n  variables. See\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/stored-program-variables.html\n  .\n\no System variables. See\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-system-variables.html.\n  System variables also can be set at server startup, as described in\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/using-system-variables.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/set-variable.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/set-variable.html'),(627,'SET CHARACTER SET',3,'Syntax:\nSET {CHARACTER SET | CHARSET}\n    {\'charset_name\' | DEFAULT}\n\nThis statement maps all strings sent between the server and the current\nclient with the given mapping. SET CHARACTER SET sets three session\nsystem variables: character_set_client and character_set_results are\nset to the given character set, and character_set_connection to the\nvalue of character_set_database. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/charset-connection.html.\n\ncharset_name may be quoted or unquoted.\n\nThe default character set mapping can be restored by using the value\nDEFAULT. The default depends on the server configuration.\n\nSome character sets cannot be used as the client character set.\nAttempting to use them with SET CHARACTER SET produces an error. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/charset-connection.html#charset\n-connection-impermissible-client-charset.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/set-character-set.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/set-character-set.html'),(628,'SET CHARSET',3,'Syntax:\nSET {CHARACTER SET | CHARSET}\n    {\'charset_name\' | DEFAULT}\n\nThis statement maps all strings sent between the server and the current\nclient with the given mapping. SET CHARACTER SET sets three session\nsystem variables: character_set_client and character_set_results are\nset to the given character set, and character_set_connection to the\nvalue of character_set_database. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/charset-connection.html.\n\ncharset_name may be quoted or unquoted.\n\nThe default character set mapping can be restored by using the value\nDEFAULT. The default depends on the server configuration.\n\nSome character sets cannot be used as the client character set.\nAttempting to use them with SET CHARACTER SET produces an error. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/charset-connection.html#charset\n-connection-impermissible-client-charset.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/set-character-set.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/set-character-set.html'),(629,'SET NAMES',3,'Syntax:\nSET NAMES {\'charset_name\'\n    [COLLATE \'collation_name\'] | DEFAULT}\n\nThis statement sets the three session system variables\ncharacter_set_client, character_set_connection, and\ncharacter_set_results to the given character set. Setting\ncharacter_set_connection to charset_name also sets collation_connection\nto the default collation for charset_name. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/charset-connection.html.\n\nThe optional COLLATE clause may be used to specify a collation\nexplicitly. If given, the collation must one of the permitted\ncollations for charset_name.\n\ncharset_name and collation_name may be quoted or unquoted.\n\nThe default mapping can be restored by using a value of DEFAULT. The\ndefault depends on the server configuration.\n\nSome character sets cannot be used as the client character set.\nAttempting to use them with SET NAMES produces an error. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/charset-connection.html#charset\n-connection-impermissible-client-charset.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/set-names.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/set-names.html'),(630,'SHOW',3,'SHOW has many forms that provide information about databases, tables,\ncolumns, or status information about the server. This section describes\nthose following:\n\nSHOW {BINARY | MASTER} LOGS\nSHOW BINLOG EVENTS [IN \'log_name\'] [FROM pos] [LIMIT [offset,] row_count]\nSHOW CHARACTER SET [like_or_where]\nSHOW COLLATION [like_or_where]\nSHOW [FULL] COLUMNS FROM tbl_name [FROM db_name] [like_or_where]\nSHOW CREATE DATABASE db_name\nSHOW CREATE EVENT event_name\nSHOW CREATE FUNCTION func_name\nSHOW CREATE PROCEDURE proc_name\nSHOW CREATE TABLE tbl_name\nSHOW CREATE TRIGGER trigger_name\nSHOW CREATE VIEW view_name\nSHOW DATABASES [like_or_where]\nSHOW ENGINE engine_name {STATUS | MUTEX}\nSHOW [STORAGE] ENGINES\nSHOW ERRORS [LIMIT [offset,] row_count]\nSHOW EVENTS\nSHOW FUNCTION CODE func_name\nSHOW FUNCTION STATUS [like_or_where]\nSHOW GRANTS FOR user\nSHOW INDEX FROM tbl_name [FROM db_name]\nSHOW MASTER STATUS\nSHOW OPEN TABLES [FROM db_name] [like_or_where]\nSHOW PLUGINS\nSHOW PROCEDURE CODE proc_name\nSHOW PROCEDURE STATUS [like_or_where]\nSHOW PRIVILEGES\nSHOW [FULL] PROCESSLIST\nSHOW PROFILE [types] [FOR QUERY n] [OFFSET n] [LIMIT n]\nSHOW PROFILES\nSHOW RELAYLOG EVENTS [IN \'log_name\'] [FROM pos] [LIMIT [offset,] row_count]\nSHOW SLAVE HOSTS\nSHOW SLAVE STATUS [FOR CHANNEL channel]\nSHOW [GLOBAL | SESSION] STATUS [like_or_where]\nSHOW TABLE STATUS [FROM db_name] [like_or_where]\nSHOW [FULL] TABLES [FROM db_name] [like_or_where]\nSHOW TRIGGERS [FROM db_name] [like_or_where]\nSHOW [GLOBAL | SESSION] VARIABLES [like_or_where]\nSHOW WARNINGS [LIMIT [offset,] row_count]\n\nlike_or_where:\n    LIKE \'pattern\'\n  | WHERE expr\n\nIf the syntax for a given SHOW statement includes a LIKE \'pattern\'\npart, \'pattern\' is a string that can contain the SQL % and _ wildcard\ncharacters. The pattern is useful for restricting statement output to\nmatching values.\n\nSeveral SHOW statements also accept a WHERE clause that provides more\nflexibility in specifying which rows to display. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/extended-show.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show.html'),(631,'SHOW BINARY LOGS',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW BINARY LOGS\nSHOW MASTER LOGS\n\nLists the binary log files on the server. This statement is used as\npart of the procedure described in [HELP PURGE BINARY LOGS], that shows\nhow to determine which logs can be purged. SHOW BINARY LOGS requires\nthe REPLICATION CLIENT or SUPER privilege.\n\nEncrypted binary log files have a 512-byte file header that stores\ninformation required for encryption and decryption of the file. This is\nincluded in the file size displayed by SHOW BINARY LOGS. The Encrypted\ncolumn shows whether or not the binary log file is encrypted. Binary\nlog encryption is active if binlog_encryption=ON is set for the server.\nExisting binary log files are not encrypted or decrypted if binary log\nencryption is activated or deactivated while the server is running.\n\nmysql> SHOW BINARY LOGS;\n+---------------+-----------+-----------+\n| Log_name      | File_size | Encrypted |\n+---------------+-----------+-----------+\n| binlog.000015 |    724935 |       Yes |\n| binlog.000016 |    733481 |       Yes |\n+---------------+-----------+-----------+\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-binary-logs.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-binary-logs.html'),(632,'SHOW MASTER LOGS',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW BINARY LOGS\nSHOW MASTER LOGS\n\nLists the binary log files on the server. This statement is used as\npart of the procedure described in [HELP PURGE BINARY LOGS], that shows\nhow to determine which logs can be purged. SHOW BINARY LOGS requires\nthe REPLICATION CLIENT or SUPER privilege.\n\nEncrypted binary log files have a 512-byte file header that stores\ninformation required for encryption and decryption of the file. This is\nincluded in the file size displayed by SHOW BINARY LOGS. The Encrypted\ncolumn shows whether or not the binary log file is encrypted. Binary\nlog encryption is active if binlog_encryption=ON is set for the server.\nExisting binary log files are not encrypted or decrypted if binary log\nencryption is activated or deactivated while the server is running.\n\nmysql> SHOW BINARY LOGS;\n+---------------+-----------+-----------+\n| Log_name      | File_size | Encrypted |\n+---------------+-----------+-----------+\n| binlog.000015 |    724935 |       Yes |\n| binlog.000016 |    733481 |       Yes |\n+---------------+-----------+-----------+\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-binary-logs.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-binary-logs.html'),(633,'SHOW BINLOG EVENTS',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW BINLOG EVENTS\n   [IN \'log_name\']\n   [FROM pos]\n   [LIMIT [offset,] row_count]\n\nShows the events in the binary log. If you do not specify \'log_name\',\nthe first binary log is displayed. SHOW BINLOG EVENTS requires the\nREPLICATION SLAVE privilege.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-binlog-events.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-binlog-events.html'),(634,'SHOW CHARACTER SET',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW CHARACTER SET\n    [LIKE \'pattern\' | WHERE expr]\n\nThe SHOW CHARACTER SET statement shows all available character sets.\nThe LIKE clause, if present, indicates which character set names to\nmatch. The WHERE clause can be given to select rows using more general\nconditions, as discussed in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/extended-show.html. For\nexample:\n\nmysql> SHOW CHARACTER SET LIKE \'latin%\';\n+---------+-----------------------------+-------------------+--------+\n| Charset | Description                 | Default collation | Maxlen |\n+---------+-----------------------------+-------------------+--------+\n| latin1  | cp1252 West European        | latin1_swedish_ci |      1 |\n| latin2  | ISO 8859-2 Central European | latin2_general_ci |      1 |\n| latin5  | ISO 8859-9 Turkish          | latin5_turkish_ci |      1 |\n| latin7  | ISO 8859-13 Baltic          | latin7_general_ci |      1 |\n+---------+-----------------------------+-------------------+--------+\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-character-set.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-character-set.html'),(635,'SHOW COLLATION',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW COLLATION\n    [LIKE \'pattern\' | WHERE expr]\n\nThis statement lists collations supported by the server. By default,\nthe output from SHOW COLLATION includes all available collations. The\nLIKE clause, if present, indicates which collation names to match. The\nWHERE clause can be given to select rows using more general conditions,\nas discussed in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/extended-show.html. For\nexample:\n\nmysql> SHOW COLLATION WHERE Charset = \'latin1\';\n+-------------------+---------+----+---------+----------+---------+\n| Collation         | Charset | Id | Default | Compiled | Sortlen |\n+-------------------+---------+----+---------+----------+---------+\n| latin1_german1_ci | latin1  |  5 |         | Yes      |       1 |\n| latin1_swedish_ci | latin1  |  8 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |\n| latin1_danish_ci  | latin1  | 15 |         | Yes      |       1 |\n| latin1_german2_ci | latin1  | 31 |         | Yes      |       2 |\n| latin1_bin        | latin1  | 47 |         | Yes      |       1 |\n| latin1_general_ci | latin1  | 48 |         | Yes      |       1 |\n| latin1_general_cs | latin1  | 49 |         | Yes      |       1 |\n| latin1_spanish_ci | latin1  | 94 |         | Yes      |       1 |\n+-------------------+---------+----+---------+----------+---------+\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-collation.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-collation.html'),(636,'SHOW COLUMNS',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW [EXTENDED] [FULL] {COLUMNS | FIELDS}\n    {FROM | IN} tbl_name\n    [{FROM | IN} db_name]\n    [LIKE \'pattern\' | WHERE expr]\n\nSHOW COLUMNS displays information about the columns in a given table.\nIt also works for views. SHOW COLUMNS displays information only for\nthose columns for which you have some privilege.\n\nmysql> SHOW COLUMNS FROM City;\n+-------------+----------+------+-----+---------+----------------+\n| Field       | Type     | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |\n+-------------+----------+------+-----+---------+----------------+\n| ID          | int(11)  | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |\n| Name        | char(35) | NO   |     |         |                |\n| CountryCode | char(3)  | NO   | MUL |         |                |\n| District    | char(20) | NO   |     |         |                |\n| Population  | int(11)  | NO   |     | 0       |                |\n+-------------+----------+------+-----+---------+----------------+\n\nAn alternative to tbl_name FROM db_name syntax is db_name.tbl_name.\nThese two statements are equivalent:\n\nSHOW COLUMNS FROM mytable FROM mydb;\nSHOW COLUMNS FROM mydb.mytable;\n\nThe optional EXTENDED keyword causes the output to include information\nabout hidden columns that MySQL uses internally and are not accessible\nby users.\n\nThe optional FULL keyword causes the output to include the column\ncollation and comments, as well as the privileges you have for each\ncolumn.\n\nThe LIKE clause, if present, indicates which column names to match. The\nWHERE clause can be given to select rows using more general conditions,\nas discussed in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/extended-show.html.\n\nThe data types may differ from what you expect them to be based on a\nCREATE TABLE statement because MySQL sometimes changes data types when\nyou create or alter a table. The conditions under which this occurs are\ndescribed in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/silent-column-changes.html.\n\nSHOW COLUMNS displays the following values for each table column:\n\no Field\n\n  The name of the column.\n\no Type\n\n  The column data type.\n\no Collation\n\n  The collation for nonbinary string columns, or NULL for other\n  columns. This value is displayed only if you use the FULL keyword.\n\no Null\n\n  The column nullability. The value is YES if NULL values can be stored\n  in the column, NO if not.\n\no Key\n\n  Whether the column is indexed:\n\n  o If Key is empty, the column either is not indexed or is indexed\n    only as a secondary column in a multiple-column, nonunique index.\n\n  o If Key is PRI, the column is a PRIMARY KEY or is one of the columns\n    in a multiple-column PRIMARY KEY.\n\n  o If Key is UNI, the column is the first column of a UNIQUE index. (A\n    UNIQUE index permits multiple NULL values, but you can tell whether\n    the column permits NULL by checking the Null field.)\n\n  o If Key is MUL, the column is the first column of a nonunique index\n    in which multiple occurrences of a given value are permitted within\n    the column.\n\n  If more than one of the Key values applies to a given column of a\n  table, Key displays the one with the highest priority, in the order\n  PRI, UNI, MUL.\n\n  A UNIQUE index may be displayed as PRI if it cannot contain NULL\n  values and there is no PRIMARY KEY in the table. A UNIQUE index may\n  display as MUL if several columns form a composite UNIQUE index;\n  although the combination of the columns is unique, each column can\n  still hold multiple occurrences of a given value.\n\no Default\n\n  The default value for the column. This is NULL if the column has an\n  explicit default of NULL, or if the column definition includes no\n  DEFAULT clause.\n\no Extra\n\n  Any additional information that is available about a given column.\n  The value is nonempty in these cases:\n\n  o auto_increment for columns that have the AUTO_INCREMENT attribute.\n\n  o on update CURRENT_TIMESTAMP for TIMESTAMP or DATETIME columns that\n    have the ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP attribute.\n\n  o VIRTUAL GENERATED or VIRTUAL STORED for generated columns.\n\n  o DEFAULT_GENERATED for columns that have an expression default\n    value.\n\no Privileges\n\n  The privileges you have for the column. This value is displayed only\n  if you use the FULL keyword.\n\no Comment\n\n  Any comment included in the column definition. This value is\n  displayed only if you use the FULL keyword.\n\nTable column information is also available from the INFORMATION_SCHEMA\nCOLUMNS table. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/columns-table.html. The\nextended information about hidden columns is available only using SHOW\nEXTENDED COLUMNS; it cannot be obtained from the COLUMNS table.\n\nYou can list a table\'s columns with the mysqlshow db_name tbl_name\ncommand.\n\nThe DESCRIBE statement provides information similar to SHOW COLUMNS.\nSee https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/describe.html.\n\nThe SHOW CREATE TABLE, SHOW TABLE STATUS, and SHOW INDEX statements\nalso provide information about tables. See [HELP SHOW].\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-columns.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-columns.html'),(637,'SHOW FIELDS',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW [EXTENDED] [FULL] {COLUMNS | FIELDS}\n    {FROM | IN} tbl_name\n    [{FROM | IN} db_name]\n    [LIKE \'pattern\' | WHERE expr]\n\nSHOW COLUMNS displays information about the columns in a given table.\nIt also works for views. SHOW COLUMNS displays information only for\nthose columns for which you have some privilege.\n\nmysql> SHOW COLUMNS FROM City;\n+-------------+----------+------+-----+---------+----------------+\n| Field       | Type     | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |\n+-------------+----------+------+-----+---------+----------------+\n| ID          | int(11)  | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |\n| Name        | char(35) | NO   |     |         |                |\n| CountryCode | char(3)  | NO   | MUL |         |                |\n| District    | char(20) | NO   |     |         |                |\n| Population  | int(11)  | NO   |     | 0       |                |\n+-------------+----------+------+-----+---------+----------------+\n\nAn alternative to tbl_name FROM db_name syntax is db_name.tbl_name.\nThese two statements are equivalent:\n\nSHOW COLUMNS FROM mytable FROM mydb;\nSHOW COLUMNS FROM mydb.mytable;\n\nThe optional EXTENDED keyword causes the output to include information\nabout hidden columns that MySQL uses internally and are not accessible\nby users.\n\nThe optional FULL keyword causes the output to include the column\ncollation and comments, as well as the privileges you have for each\ncolumn.\n\nThe LIKE clause, if present, indicates which column names to match. The\nWHERE clause can be given to select rows using more general conditions,\nas discussed in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/extended-show.html.\n\nThe data types may differ from what you expect them to be based on a\nCREATE TABLE statement because MySQL sometimes changes data types when\nyou create or alter a table. The conditions under which this occurs are\ndescribed in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/silent-column-changes.html.\n\nSHOW COLUMNS displays the following values for each table column:\n\no Field\n\n  The name of the column.\n\no Type\n\n  The column data type.\n\no Collation\n\n  The collation for nonbinary string columns, or NULL for other\n  columns. This value is displayed only if you use the FULL keyword.\n\no Null\n\n  The column nullability. The value is YES if NULL values can be stored\n  in the column, NO if not.\n\no Key\n\n  Whether the column is indexed:\n\n  o If Key is empty, the column either is not indexed or is indexed\n    only as a secondary column in a multiple-column, nonunique index.\n\n  o If Key is PRI, the column is a PRIMARY KEY or is one of the columns\n    in a multiple-column PRIMARY KEY.\n\n  o If Key is UNI, the column is the first column of a UNIQUE index. (A\n    UNIQUE index permits multiple NULL values, but you can tell whether\n    the column permits NULL by checking the Null field.)\n\n  o If Key is MUL, the column is the first column of a nonunique index\n    in which multiple occurrences of a given value are permitted within\n    the column.\n\n  If more than one of the Key values applies to a given column of a\n  table, Key displays the one with the highest priority, in the order\n  PRI, UNI, MUL.\n\n  A UNIQUE index may be displayed as PRI if it cannot contain NULL\n  values and there is no PRIMARY KEY in the table. A UNIQUE index may\n  display as MUL if several columns form a composite UNIQUE index;\n  although the combination of the columns is unique, each column can\n  still hold multiple occurrences of a given value.\n\no Default\n\n  The default value for the column. This is NULL if the column has an\n  explicit default of NULL, or if the column definition includes no\n  DEFAULT clause.\n\no Extra\n\n  Any additional information that is available about a given column.\n  The value is nonempty in these cases:\n\n  o auto_increment for columns that have the AUTO_INCREMENT attribute.\n\n  o on update CURRENT_TIMESTAMP for TIMESTAMP or DATETIME columns that\n    have the ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP attribute.\n\n  o VIRTUAL GENERATED or VIRTUAL STORED for generated columns.\n\n  o DEFAULT_GENERATED for columns that have an expression default\n    value.\n\no Privileges\n\n  The privileges you have for the column. This value is displayed only\n  if you use the FULL keyword.\n\no Comment\n\n  Any comment included in the column definition. This value is\n  displayed only if you use the FULL keyword.\n\nTable column information is also available from the INFORMATION_SCHEMA\nCOLUMNS table. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/columns-table.html. The\nextended information about hidden columns is available only using SHOW\nEXTENDED COLUMNS; it cannot be obtained from the COLUMNS table.\n\nYou can list a table\'s columns with the mysqlshow db_name tbl_name\ncommand.\n\nThe DESCRIBE statement provides information similar to SHOW COLUMNS.\nSee https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/describe.html.\n\nThe SHOW CREATE TABLE, SHOW TABLE STATUS, and SHOW INDEX statements\nalso provide information about tables. See [HELP SHOW].\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-columns.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-columns.html'),(638,'SHOW CREATE DATABASE',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW CREATE {DATABASE | SCHEMA} [IF NOT EXISTS] db_name\n\nShows the CREATE DATABASE statement that creates the named database. If\nthe SHOW statement includes an IF NOT EXISTS clause, the output too\nincludes such a clause. SHOW CREATE SCHEMA is a synonym for SHOW CREATE\nDATABASE.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-create-database.html\n\n','mysql> SHOW CREATE DATABASE test\\G\n*************************** 1. row ***************************\n       Database: test\nCreate Database: CREATE DATABASE `test` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 \n                 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci */ /*!80014 DEFAULT ENCRYPTION=\'N\' */\n\nmysql> SHOW CREATE SCHEMA test\\G\n*************************** 1. row ***************************\n       Database: test\nCreate Database: CREATE DATABASE `test` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 \n                 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci */ /*!80014 DEFAULT ENCRYPTION=\'N\' */   \n','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-create-database.html'),(639,'SHOW CREATE SCHEMA',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW CREATE {DATABASE | SCHEMA} [IF NOT EXISTS] db_name\n\nShows the CREATE DATABASE statement that creates the named database. If\nthe SHOW statement includes an IF NOT EXISTS clause, the output too\nincludes such a clause. SHOW CREATE SCHEMA is a synonym for SHOW CREATE\nDATABASE.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-create-database.html\n\n','mysql> SHOW CREATE DATABASE test\\G\n*************************** 1. row ***************************\n       Database: test\nCreate Database: CREATE DATABASE `test` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 \n                 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci */ /*!80014 DEFAULT ENCRYPTION=\'N\' */\n\nmysql> SHOW CREATE SCHEMA test\\G\n*************************** 1. row ***************************\n       Database: test\nCreate Database: CREATE DATABASE `test` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 \n                 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci */ /*!80014 DEFAULT ENCRYPTION=\'N\' */   \n','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-create-database.html'),(640,'SHOW CREATE EVENT',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW CREATE EVENT event_name\n\nThis statement displays the CREATE EVENT statement needed to re-create\na given event. It requires the EVENT privilege for the database from\nwhich the event is to be shown. For example (using the same event\ne_daily defined and then altered in [HELP SHOW EVENTS]):\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-create-event.html\n\n','mysql> SHOW CREATE EVENT myschema.e_daily\\G\n*************************** 1. row ***************************\n               Event: e_daily\n            sql_mode: ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,\n                      NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,\n                      ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,\n                      NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION\n           time_zone: SYSTEM\n        Create Event: CREATE DEFINER=`jon`@`ghidora` EVENT `e_daily`\n                        ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 DAY\n                        STARTS CURRENT_TIMESTAMP + INTERVAL 6 HOUR\n                        ON COMPLETION NOT PRESERVE\n                        ENABLE\n                        COMMENT \'Saves total number of sessions then\n                                clears the table each day\'\n                        DO BEGIN\n                          INSERT INTO site_activity.totals (time, total)\n                            SELECT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, COUNT(*)\n                              FROM site_activity.sessions;\n                          DELETE FROM site_activity.sessions;\n                        END\ncharacter_set_client: utf8mb4\ncollation_connection: utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci\n  Database Collation: utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci\n','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-create-event.html'),(641,'SHOW CREATE FUNCTION',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW CREATE FUNCTION func_name\n\nThis statement is similar to SHOW CREATE PROCEDURE but for stored\nfunctions. See [HELP SHOW CREATE PROCEDURE].\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-create-function.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-create-function.html'),(642,'SHOW CREATE PROCEDURE',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW CREATE PROCEDURE proc_name\n\nThis statement is a MySQL extension. It returns the exact string that\ncan be used to re-create the named stored procedure. A similar\nstatement, SHOW CREATE FUNCTION, displays information about stored\nfunctions (see [HELP SHOW CREATE FUNCTION]).\n\nTo use either statement, you must have the global SELECT privilege.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-create-procedure.html\n\n','mysql> SHOW CREATE PROCEDURE test.simpleproc\\G\n*************************** 1. row ***************************\n           Procedure: simpleproc\n            sql_mode: ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,\n                      NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,\n                      ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,\n                      NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION\n    Create Procedure: CREATE PROCEDURE `simpleproc`(OUT param1 INT)\n                      BEGIN\n                      SELECT COUNT(*) INTO param1 FROM t;\n                      END\ncharacter_set_client: utf8mb4\ncollation_connection: utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci\n  Database Collation: utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci\n\nmysql> SHOW CREATE FUNCTION test.hello\\G\n*************************** 1. row ***************************\n            Function: hello\n            sql_mode: ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,\n                      NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,\n                      ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,\n                      NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION\n     Create Function: CREATE FUNCTION `hello`(s CHAR(20))\n                      RETURNS char(50) CHARSET utf8mb4\n                      RETURN CONCAT(\'Hello, \',s,\'!\')\ncharacter_set_client: utf8mb4\ncollation_connection: utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci\n  Database Collation: utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci\n','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-create-procedure.html'),(643,'SHOW CREATE TABLE',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW CREATE TABLE tbl_name\n\nShows the CREATE TABLE statement that creates the named table. To use\nthis statement, you must have some privilege for the table. This\nstatement also works with views.\n\nAs of MySQL 8.0.16, MySQL implements CHECK constraints and SHOW CREATE\nTABLE displays them. All CHECK constraints are displayed as table\nconstraints. That is, a CHECK constraint originally specified as part\nof a column definition displays as a separate clause not part of the\ncolumn definition. Example:\n\nmysql> CREATE TABLE t1 (\n         i1 INT CHECK (i1 <> 0),      -- column constraint\n         i2 INT,\n         CHECK (i2 > i1),             -- table constraint\n         CHECK (i2 <> 0) NOT ENFORCED -- table constraint, not enforced\n       );\n\nmysql> SHOW CREATE TABLE t1\\G\n*************************** 1. row ***************************\n       Table: t1\nCreate Table: CREATE TABLE `t1` (\n  `i1` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,\n  `i2` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,\n  CONSTRAINT `t1_chk_1` CHECK ((`i1` <> 0)),\n  CONSTRAINT `t1_chk_2` CHECK ((`i2` > `i1`)),\n  CONSTRAINT `t1_chk_3` CHECK ((`i2` <> 0)) /*!80016 NOT ENFORCED */\n) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci\n\nSHOW CREATE TABLE quotes table and column names according to the value\nof the sql_quote_show_create option. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-system-variables.html.\n\nFor information about how CREATE TABLE statements are stored by MySQL,\nsee\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-table-statement-retentio\nn.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-create-table.html\n\n','mysql> SHOW CREATE TABLE t\\G\n*************************** 1. row ***************************\n       Table: t\nCreate Table: CREATE TABLE `t` (\n  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,\n  `s` char(60) DEFAULT NULL,\n  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)\n) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4\n','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-create-table.html'),(644,'SHOW CREATE TRIGGER',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW CREATE TRIGGER trigger_name\n\nThis statement shows the CREATE TRIGGER statement that creates the\nnamed trigger. This statement requires the TRIGGER privilege for the\ntable associated with the trigger.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-create-trigger.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-create-trigger.html'),(645,'SHOW CREATE USER',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW CREATE USER user\n\nThis statement shows the CREATE USER statement that creates the named\nuser. An error occurs if the user does not exist. The statement\nrequires the SELECT privilege for the mysql system schema, except to\nsee information for the current user. For the current user, the SELECT\nprivilege for the mysql.user system table is required for display of\nthe password hash in the IDENTIFIED AS clause; otherwise, the hash\ndisplays as <secret>.\n\nTo name the account, use the format described in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/account-names.html. The host\nname part of the account name, if omitted, defaults to \'%\'. It is also\npossible to specify CURRENT_USER or CURRENT_USER() to refer to the\naccount associated with the current session.\n\nPassword hash values displayed in the IDENTIFIED WITH clause of output\nfrom SHOW CREATE USER may contain unprintable characters that have\nadverse effects on terminal displays and in other environments.\nEnabling the print_identified_with_as_hex system variable (available as\nof MySQL 8.0.17) causes SHOW CREATE USER to display such hash values as\nhexadecimal strings rather than as regular string literals. Hash values\nthat do not contain unprintable characters still display as regular\nstring literals, even with this variable enabled.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-create-user.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-create-user.html'),(646,'SHOW CREATE VIEW',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW CREATE VIEW view_name\n\nThis statement shows the CREATE VIEW statement that creates the named\nview.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-create-view.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-create-view.html'),(647,'SHOW DATABASES',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW {DATABASES | SCHEMAS}\n    [LIKE \'pattern\' | WHERE expr]\n\nSHOW DATABASES lists the databases on the MySQL server host. SHOW\nSCHEMAS is a synonym for SHOW DATABASES. The LIKE clause, if present,\nindicates which database names to match. The WHERE clause can be given\nto select rows using more general conditions, as discussed in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/extended-show.html.\n\nYou see only those databases for which you have some kind of privilege,\nunless you have the global SHOW DATABASES privilege. You can also get\nthis list using the mysqlshow command.\n\nIf the server was started with the --skip-show-database option, you\ncannot use this statement at all unless you have the SHOW DATABASES\nprivilege.\n\nMySQL implements databases as directories in the data directory, so\nthis statement simply lists directories in that location. However, the\noutput may include names of directories that do not correspond to\nactual databases.\n\nDatabase information is also available from the INFORMATION_SCHEMA\nSCHEMATA table. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/schemata-table.html.\n\n*Caution*:\n\nBecause any static global privilege is considered a privilege for all\ndatabases, any static global privilege enables a user to see all\ndatabase names with SHOW DATABASES or by examining the SCHEMATA table\nof INFORMATION_SCHEMA, except databases that have been restricted at\nthe database level by partial revokes.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-databases.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-databases.html'),(648,'SHOW SCHEMAS',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW {DATABASES | SCHEMAS}\n    [LIKE \'pattern\' | WHERE expr]\n\nSHOW DATABASES lists the databases on the MySQL server host. SHOW\nSCHEMAS is a synonym for SHOW DATABASES. The LIKE clause, if present,\nindicates which database names to match. The WHERE clause can be given\nto select rows using more general conditions, as discussed in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/extended-show.html.\n\nYou see only those databases for which you have some kind of privilege,\nunless you have the global SHOW DATABASES privilege. You can also get\nthis list using the mysqlshow command.\n\nIf the server was started with the --skip-show-database option, you\ncannot use this statement at all unless you have the SHOW DATABASES\nprivilege.\n\nMySQL implements databases as directories in the data directory, so\nthis statement simply lists directories in that location. However, the\noutput may include names of directories that do not correspond to\nactual databases.\n\nDatabase information is also available from the INFORMATION_SCHEMA\nSCHEMATA table. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/schemata-table.html.\n\n*Caution*:\n\nBecause any static global privilege is considered a privilege for all\ndatabases, any static global privilege enables a user to see all\ndatabase names with SHOW DATABASES or by examining the SCHEMATA table\nof INFORMATION_SCHEMA, except databases that have been restricted at\nthe database level by partial revokes.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-databases.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-databases.html'),(649,'SHOW ENGINE',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW ENGINE engine_name {STATUS | MUTEX}\n\nSHOW ENGINE displays operational information about a storage engine. It\nrequires the PROCESS privilege. The statement has these variants:\n\nSHOW ENGINE INNODB STATUS\nSHOW ENGINE INNODB MUTEX\nSHOW ENGINE PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA STATUS\n\nSHOW ENGINE INNODB STATUS displays extensive information from the\nstandard InnoDB Monitor about the state of the InnoDB storage engine.\nFor information about the standard monitor and other InnoDB Monitors\nthat provide information about InnoDB processing, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/innodb-monitors.html.\n\nSHOW ENGINE INNODB MUTEX displays InnoDB mutex and rw-lock statistics.\n\n*Note*:\n\nInnoDB mutexes and rwlocks can also be monitored using Performance\nSchema tables. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/monitor-innodb-mutex-waits-perf\normance-schema.html.\n\nMutex statistics collection is configured dynamically using the\nfollowing options:\n\no To enable the collection of mutex statistics, run:\n\nSET GLOBAL innodb_monitor_enable=\'latch\';\n\no To reset mutex statistics, run:\n\nSET GLOBAL innodb_monitor_reset=\'latch\';\n\no To disable the collection of mutex statistics, run:\n\nSET GLOBAL innodb_monitor_disable=\'latch\';\n\nCollection of mutex statistics for SHOW ENGINE INNODB MUTEX can also be\nenabled by setting innodb_monitor_enable=\'all\', or disabled by setting\ninnodb_monitor_disable=\'all\'.\n\nSHOW ENGINE INNODB MUTEX output has these columns:\n\no Type\n\n  Always InnoDB.\n\no Name\n\n  For mutexes, the Name field reports only the mutex name. For rwlocks,\n  the Name field reports the source file where the rwlock is\n  implemented, and the line number in the file where the rwlock is\n  created. The line number is specific to your version of MySQL.\n\no Status\n\n  The mutex status. This field reports the number of spins, waits, and\n  calls. Statistics for low-level operating system mutexes, which are\n  implemented outside of InnoDB, are not reported.\n\n  o spins indicates the number of spins.\n\n  o waits indicates the number of mutex waits.\n\n  o calls indicates how many times the mutex was requested.\n\nSHOW ENGINE INNODB MUTEX skips the mutexes and rw-locks of buffer pool\nblocks, as the amount of output can be overwhelming on systems with a\nlarge buffer pool. (There is one mutex and one rw-lock in each 16K\nbuffer pool block, and there are 65,536 blocks per gigabyte.) SHOW\nENGINE INNODB MUTEX also does not list any mutexes or rw-locks that\nhave never been waited on (os_waits=0). Thus, SHOW ENGINE INNODB MUTEX\nonly displays information about mutexes and rw-locks outside of the\nbuffer pool that have caused at least one OS-level wait.\n\nUse SHOW ENGINE PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA STATUS to inspect the internal\noperation of the Performance Schema code:\n\nmysql> SHOW ENGINE PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA STATUS\\G\n...\n*************************** 3. row ***************************\n  Type: performance_schema\n  Name: events_waits_history.size\nStatus: 76\n*************************** 4. row ***************************\n  Type: performance_schema\n  Name: events_waits_history.count\nStatus: 10000\n*************************** 5. row ***************************\n  Type: performance_schema\n  Name: events_waits_history.memory\nStatus: 760000\n...\n*************************** 57. row ***************************\n  Type: performance_schema\n  Name: performance_schema.memory\nStatus: 26459600\n...\n\nThis statement is intended to help the DBA understand the effects that\ndifferent Performance Schema options have on memory requirements.\n\nName values consist of two parts, which name an internal buffer and a\nbuffer attribute, respectively. Interpret buffer names as follows:\n\no An internal buffer that is not exposed as a table is named within\n  parentheses. Examples: (pfs_cond_class).size,\n  (pfs_mutex_class).memory.\n\no An internal buffer that is exposed as a table in the\n  performance_schema database is named after the table, without\n  parentheses. Examples: events_waits_history.size,\n  mutex_instances.count.\n\no A value that applies to the Performance Schema as a whole begins with\n  performance_schema. Example: performance_schema.memory.\n\nBuffer attributes have these meanings:\n\no size is the size of the internal record used by the implementation,\n  such as the size of a row in a table. size values cannot be changed.\n\no count is the number of internal records, such as the number of rows\n  in a table. count values can be changed using Performance Schema\n  configuration options.\n\no For a table, tbl_name.memory is the product of size and count. For\n  the Performance Schema as a whole, performance_schema.memory is the\n  sum of all the memory used (the sum of all other memory values).\n\nIn some cases, there is a direct relationship between a Performance\nSchema configuration parameter and a SHOW ENGINE value. For example,\nevents_waits_history_long.count corresponds to\nperformance_schema_events_waits_history_long_size. In other cases, the\nrelationship is more complex. For example, events_waits_history.count\ncorresponds to performance_schema_events_waits_history_size (the number\nof rows per thread) multiplied by\nperformance_schema_max_thread_instances ( the number of threads).\n\nSHOW ENGINE NDB STATUS If the server has the NDB storage engine\nenabled, SHOW ENGINE NDB STATUS displays cluster status information\nsuch as the number of connected data nodes, the cluster connectstring,\nand cluster binary log epochs, as well as counts of various Cluster API\nobjects created by the MySQL Server when connected to the cluster.\nSample output from this statement is shown here:\n\nmysql> SHOW ENGINE NDB STATUS;\n+------------+-----------------------+--------------------------------------------------+\n| Type       | Name                  | Status                                           |\n+------------+-----------------------+--------------------------------------------------+\n| ndbcluster | connection            | cluster_node_id=7,\n  connected_host=198.51.100.103, connected_port=1186, number_of_data_nodes=4,\n  number_of_ready_data_nodes=3, connect_count=0                                         |\n| ndbcluster | NdbTransaction        | created=6, free=0, sizeof=212                    |\n| ndbcluster | NdbOperation          | created=8, free=8, sizeof=660                    |\n| ndbcluster | NdbIndexScanOperation | created=1, free=1, sizeof=744                    |\n| ndbcluster | NdbIndexOperation     | created=0, free=0, sizeof=664                    |\n| ndbcluster | NdbRecAttr            | created=1285, free=1285, sizeof=60               |\n| ndbcluster | NdbApiSignal          | created=16, free=16, sizeof=136                  |\n| ndbcluster | NdbLabel              | created=0, free=0, sizeof=196                    |\n| ndbcluster | NdbBranch             | created=0, free=0, sizeof=24                     |\n| ndbcluster | NdbSubroutine         | created=0, free=0, sizeof=68                     |\n| ndbcluster | NdbCall               | created=0, free=0, sizeof=16                     |\n| ndbcluster | NdbBlob               | created=1, free=1, sizeof=264                    |\n| ndbcluster | NdbReceiver           | created=4, free=0, sizeof=68                     |\n| ndbcluster | binlog                | latest_epoch=155467, latest_trans_epoch=148126,\n  latest_received_binlog_epoch=0, latest_handled_binlog_epoch=0,\n  latest_applied_binlog_epoch=0                                                         |\n+------------+-----------------------+--------------------------------------------------+\n\nThe Status column in each of these rows provides information about the\nMySQL server\'s connection to the cluster and about the cluster binary\nlog\'s status, respectively. The Status information is in the form of\ncomma-delimited set of name/value pairs.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-engine.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-engine.html'),(650,'SHOW ENGINES',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW [STORAGE] ENGINES\n\nSHOW ENGINES displays status information about the server\'s storage\nengines. This is particularly useful for checking whether a storage\nengine is supported, or to see what the default engine is.\n\nFor information about MySQL storage engines, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/innodb-storage-engine.html, and\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/storage-engines.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-engines.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-engines.html'),(651,'SHOW ERRORS',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW ERRORS [LIMIT [offset,] row_count]\nSHOW COUNT(*) ERRORS\n\nSHOW ERRORS is a diagnostic statement that is similar to SHOW WARNINGS,\nexcept that it displays information only for errors, rather than for\nerrors, warnings, and notes.\n\nThe LIMIT clause has the same syntax as for the SELECT statement. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/select.html.\n\nThe SHOW COUNT(*) ERRORS statement displays the number of errors. You\ncan also retrieve this number from the error_count variable:\n\nSHOW COUNT(*) ERRORS;\nSELECT @@error_count;\n\nSHOW ERRORS and error_count apply only to errors, not warnings or\nnotes. In other respects, they are similar to SHOW WARNINGS and\nwarning_count. In particular, SHOW ERRORS cannot display information\nfor more than max_error_count messages, and error_count can exceed the\nvalue of max_error_count if the number of errors exceeds\nmax_error_count.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-errors.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-errors.html'),(652,'SHOW EVENTS',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW EVENTS\n    [{FROM | IN} schema_name]\n    [LIKE \'pattern\' | WHERE expr]\n\nThis statement displays information about Event Manager events, which\nare discussed in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/event-scheduler.html. It\nrequires the EVENT privilege for the database from which the events are\nto be shown.\n\nIn its simplest form, SHOW EVENTS lists all of the events in the\ncurrent schema:\n\nmysql> SELECT CURRENT_USER(), SCHEMA();\n+----------------+----------+\n| CURRENT_USER() | SCHEMA() |\n+----------------+----------+\n| jon@ghidora    | myschema |\n+----------------+----------+\n1 row in set (0.00 sec)\n\nmysql> SHOW EVENTS\\G\n*************************** 1. row ***************************\n                  Db: myschema\n                Name: e_daily\n             Definer: jon@ghidora\n           Time zone: SYSTEM\n                Type: RECURRING\n          Execute at: NULL\n      Interval value: 1\n      Interval field: DAY\n              Starts: 2018-08-08 11:06:34\n                Ends: NULL\n              Status: ENABLED\n          Originator: 1\ncharacter_set_client: utf8mb4\ncollation_connection: utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci\n  Database Collation: utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci\n\nTo see events for a specific schema, use the FROM clause. For example,\nto see events for the test schema, use the following statement:\n\nSHOW EVENTS FROM test;\n\nThe LIKE clause, if present, indicates which event names to match. The\nWHERE clause can be given to select rows using more general conditions,\nas discussed in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/extended-show.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-events.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-events.html'),(653,'SHOW FUNCTION CODE',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW FUNCTION CODE func_name\n\nThis statement is similar to SHOW PROCEDURE CODE but for stored\nfunctions. See [HELP SHOW PROCEDURE CODE].\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-function-code.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-function-code.html'),(654,'SHOW FUNCTION STATUS',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW FUNCTION STATUS\n    [LIKE \'pattern\' | WHERE expr]\n\nThis statement is similar to SHOW PROCEDURE STATUS but for stored\nfunctions. See [HELP SHOW PROCEDURE STATUS].\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-function-status.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-function-status.html'),(655,'SHOW GRANTS',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW GRANTS\n    [FOR user_or_role\n        [USING role [, role] ...]]\n\nuser_or_role: {\n    user (see )\n  | role (see .\n}\n\nThis statement displays the privileges and roles that are assigned to a\nMySQL user account or role, in the form of GRANT statements that must\nbe executed to duplicate the privilege and role assignments.\n\n*Note*:\n\nTo display nonprivilege information for MySQL accounts, use the SHOW\nCREATE USER statement. See [HELP SHOW CREATE USER].\n\nSHOW GRANTS requires the SELECT privilege for the mysql system schema,\nexcept to display privileges and roles for the current user.\n\nTo name the account or role for SHOW GRANTS, use the same format as for\nthe GRANT statement (for example, \'jeffrey\'@\'localhost\'):\n\nmysql> SHOW GRANTS FOR \'jeffrey\'@\'localhost\';\n+------------------------------------------------------------------+\n| Grants for jeffrey@localhost                                     |\n+------------------------------------------------------------------+\n| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO `jeffrey`@`localhost`                      |\n| GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE ON `db1`.* TO `jeffrey`@`localhost` |\n+------------------------------------------------------------------+\n\nThe host part, if omitted, defaults to \'%\'. For additional information\nabout specifying account and role names, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/account-names.html, and\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/role-names.html.\n\nTo display the privileges granted to the current user (the account you\nare using to connect to the server), you can use any of the following\nstatements:\n\nSHOW GRANTS;\nSHOW GRANTS FOR CURRENT_USER;\nSHOW GRANTS FOR CURRENT_USER();\n\nIf SHOW GRANTS FOR CURRENT_USER (or any equivalent syntax) is used in\ndefiner context, such as within a stored procedure that executes with\ndefiner rather than invoker privileges, the grants displayed are those\nof the definer and not the invoker.\n\nIn MySQL 8.0 compared to previous series, SHOW GRANTS no longer\ndisplays ALL PRIVILEGES in its global-privileges output because the\nmeaning of ALL PRIVILEGES at the global level varies depending on which\ndynamic privileges are defined. Instead, SHOW GRANTS explictly lists\neach granted global privilege:\n\nmysql> SHOW GRANTS FOR \'root\'@\'localhost\';\n+---------------------------------------------------------------------+\n| Grants for root@localhost                                           |\n+---------------------------------------------------------------------+\n| GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, DROP, RELOAD,         |\n| SHUTDOWN, PROCESS, FILE, REFERENCES, INDEX, ALTER, SHOW DATABASES,  |\n| SUPER, CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES, LOCK TABLES, EXECUTE, REPLICATION   |\n| SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT, CREATE VIEW, SHOW VIEW, CREATE ROUTINE,  |\n| ALTER ROUTINE, CREATE USER, EVENT, TRIGGER, CREATE TABLESPACE,      |\n| CREATE ROLE, DROP ROLE ON *.* TO `root`@`localhost` WITH GRANT      |\n| OPTION                                                              |\n| GRANT PROXY ON \'\'@\'\' TO \'root\'@\'localhost\' WITH GRANT OPTION        |\n+---------------------------------------------------------------------+\n\nApplications that process SHOW GRANTS output should be adjusted\naccordingly.\n\nAt the global level, GRANT OPTION applies to all granted static global\nprivileges if granted for any of them, but applies individually to\ngranted dynamic privileges. SHOW GRANTS displays global privileges this\nway:\n\no One line listing all granted static privileges, if there are any,\n  including WITH GRANT OPTION if appropriate.\n\no One line listing all granted dynamic privileges for which GRANT\n  OPTION is granted, if there are any, including WITH GRANT OPTION.\n\no One line listing all granted dynamic privileges for which GRANT\n  OPTION is not granted, if there are any, without WITH GRANT OPTION.\n\nWith the optional USING clause, SHOW GRANTS enables you to examine the\nprivileges associated with roles for the user. Each role named in the\nUSING clause must be granted to the user.\n\nSuppose that user u1 is assigned roles r1 and r2, as follows:\n\nCREATE ROLE \'r1\', \'r2\';\nGRANT SELECT ON db1.* TO \'r1\';\nGRANT INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON db1.* TO \'r2\';\nCREATE USER \'u1\'@\'localhost\' IDENTIFIED BY \'u1pass\';\nGRANT \'r1\', \'r2\' TO \'u1\'@\'localhost\';\n\nSHOW GRANTS without USING shows the granted roles:\n\nmysql> SHOW GRANTS FOR \'u1\'@\'localhost\';\n+---------------------------------------------+\n| Grants for u1@localhost                     |\n+---------------------------------------------+\n| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO `u1`@`localhost`      |\n| GRANT `r1`@`%`,`r2`@`%` TO `u1`@`localhost` |\n+---------------------------------------------+\n\nAdding a USING clause causes the statement to also display the\nprivileges associated with each role named in the clause:\n\nmysql> SHOW GRANTS FOR \'u1\'@\'localhost\' USING \'r1\';\n+---------------------------------------------+\n| Grants for u1@localhost                     |\n+---------------------------------------------+\n| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO `u1`@`localhost`      |\n| GRANT SELECT ON `db1`.* TO `u1`@`localhost` |\n| GRANT `r1`@`%`,`r2`@`%` TO `u1`@`localhost` |\n+---------------------------------------------+\nmysql> SHOW GRANTS FOR \'u1\'@\'localhost\' USING \'r2\';\n+-------------------------------------------------------------+\n| Grants for u1@localhost                                     |\n+-------------------------------------------------------------+\n| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO `u1`@`localhost`                      |\n| GRANT INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON `db1`.* TO `u1`@`localhost` |\n| GRANT `r1`@`%`,`r2`@`%` TO `u1`@`localhost`                 |\n+-------------------------------------------------------------+\nmysql> SHOW GRANTS FOR \'u1\'@\'localhost\' USING \'r1\', \'r2\';\n+---------------------------------------------------------------------+\n| Grants for u1@localhost                                             |\n+---------------------------------------------------------------------+\n| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO `u1`@`localhost`                              |\n| GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON `db1`.* TO `u1`@`localhost` |\n| GRANT `r1`@`%`,`r2`@`%` TO `u1`@`localhost`                         |\n+---------------------------------------------------------------------+\n\n*Note*:\n\nA privilege granted to an account is always in effect, but a role is\nnot. The active roles for an account can differ across and within\nsessions, depending on the value of the activate_all_roles_on_login\nsystem variable, the account default roles, and whether SET ROLE has\nbeen executed within a session.\n\nMySQL 8.0.16 and higher supports partial revokes of global privileges,\nsuch that a global privilege can be restricted from applying to\nparticular schemas (see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/partial-revokes.html). To\nindicate which global schema privileges have been revoked for\nparticular schemas, SHOW GRANTS output includes REVOKE statements:\n\nmysql> SET PERSIST partial_revokes = ON;\nmysql> CREATE USER u1;\nmysql> GRANT SELECT, INSERT, DELETE ON *.* TO u1;\nmysql> REVOKE SELECT, INSERT ON mysql.* FROM u1;\nmysql> REVOKE DELETE ON world.* FROM u1;\nmysql> SHOW GRANTS FOR u1;\n+--------------------------------------------------+\n| Grants for u1@%                                  |\n+--------------------------------------------------+\n| GRANT SELECT, INSERT, DELETE ON *.* TO `u1`@`%`  |\n| REVOKE SELECT, INSERT ON `mysql`.* FROM `u1`@`%` |\n| REVOKE DELETE ON `world`.* FROM `u1`@`%`         |\n+--------------------------------------------------+\n\nSHOW GRANTS does not display privileges that are available to the named\naccount but are granted to a different account. For example, if an\nanonymous account exists, the named account might be able to use its\nprivileges, but SHOW GRANTS does not display them.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-grants.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-grants.html'),(656,'SHOW INDEX',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW [EXTENDED] {INDEX | INDEXES | KEYS}\n    {FROM | IN} tbl_name\n    [{FROM | IN} db_name]\n    [WHERE expr]\n\nSHOW INDEX returns table index information. The format resembles that\nof the SQLStatistics call in ODBC. This statement requires some\nprivilege for any column in the table.\n\nmysql> SHOW INDEX FROM City\\G\n*************************** 1. row ***************************\n        Table: city\n   Non_unique: 0\n     Key_name: PRIMARY\n Seq_in_index: 1\n  Column_name: ID\n    Collation: A\n  Cardinality: 4188\n     Sub_part: NULL\n       Packed: NULL\n         Null:\n   Index_type: BTREE\n      Comment:\nIndex_comment:\n      Visible: YES\n   Expression: NULL\n*************************** 2. row ***************************\n        Table: city\n   Non_unique: 1\n     Key_name: CountryCode\n Seq_in_index: 1\n  Column_name: CountryCode\n    Collation: A\n  Cardinality: 232\n     Sub_part: NULL\n       Packed: NULL\n         Null:\n   Index_type: BTREE\n      Comment:\nIndex_comment:\n      Visible: YES\n   Expression: NULL\n\nAn alternative to tbl_name FROM db_name syntax is db_name.tbl_name.\nThese two statements are equivalent:\n\nSHOW INDEX FROM mytable FROM mydb;\nSHOW INDEX FROM mydb.mytable;\n\nThe optional EXTENDED keyword causes the output to include information\nabout hidden indexes that MySQL uses internally and are not accessible\nby users.\n\nThe WHERE clause can be given to select rows using more general\nconditions, as discussed in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/extended-show.html.\n\nSHOW INDEX returns the following fields:\n\no Table\n\n  The name of the table.\n\no Non_unique\n\n  0 if the index cannot contain duplicates, 1 if it can.\n\no Key_name\n\n  The name of the index. If the index is the primary key, the name is\n  always PRIMARY.\n\no Seq_in_index\n\n  The column sequence number in the index, starting with 1.\n\no Column_name\n\n  The column name. See also the description for the Expression column.\n\no Collation\n\n  How the column is sorted in the index. This can have values A\n  (ascending), D (descending), or NULL (not sorted).\n\no Cardinality\n\n  An estimate of the number of unique values in the index. To update\n  this number, run ANALYZE TABLE or (for MyISAM tables) myisamchk -a.\n\n  Cardinality is counted based on statistics stored as integers, so the\n  value is not necessarily exact even for small tables. The higher the\n  cardinality, the greater the chance that MySQL uses the index when\n  doing joins.\n\no Sub_part\n\n  The index prefix. That is, the number of indexed characters if the\n  column is only partly indexed, NULL if the entire column is indexed.\n\n  *Note*:\n\n  Prefix limits are measured in bytes. However, prefix lengths for\n  index specifications in CREATE TABLE, ALTER TABLE, and CREATE INDEX\n  statements are interpreted as number of characters for nonbinary\n  string types (CHAR, VARCHAR, TEXT) and number of bytes for binary\n  string types (BINARY, VARBINARY, BLOB). Take this into account when\n  specifying a prefix length for a nonbinary string column that uses a\n  multibyte character set.\n\n  For additional information about index prefixes, see\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/column-indexes.html, and\n  [HELP CREATE INDEX].\n\no Packed\n\n  Indicates how the key is packed. NULL if it is not.\n\no Null\n\n  Contains YES if the column may contain NULL values and \'\' if not.\n\no Index_type\n\n  The index method used (BTREE, FULLTEXT, HASH, RTREE).\n\no Comment\n\n  Information about the index not described in its own column, such as\n  disabled if the index is disabled.\n\no Index_comment\n\n  Any comment provided for the index with a COMMENT attribute when the\n  index was created.\n\no Visible\n\n  Whether the index is visible to the optimizer. See\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/invisible-indexes.html.\n\no Expression\n\n  MySQL 8.0.13 and higher supports functional key parts (see\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-index.html#create-inde\n  x-functional-key-parts), which affects both the Column_name and\n  Expression columns:\n\n  o For a nonfunctional key part, Column_name indicates the column\n    indexed by the key part and Expression is NULL.\n\n  o For a functional key part, Column_name column is NULL and\n    Expression indicates the expression for the key part.\n\nInformation about table indexes is also available from the\nINFORMATION_SCHEMA STATISTICS table. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/statistics-table.html. The\nextended information about hidden indexes is available only using SHOW\nEXTENDED INDEX; it cannot be obtained from the STATISTICS table.\n\nYou can list a table\'s indexes with the mysqlshow -k db_name tbl_name\ncommand.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-index.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-index.html'),(657,'SHOW MASTER STATUS',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW MASTER STATUS\n\nThis statement provides status information about the binary log files\nof the master. It requires either the SUPER or REPLICATION CLIENT\nprivilege.\n\nExample:\n\nmysql> SHOW MASTER STATUS\\G\n*************************** 1. row ***************************\n             File: master-bin.000002\n         Position: 1307\n     Binlog_Do_DB: test\n Binlog_Ignore_DB: manual, mysql\nExecuted_Gtid_Set: 3E11FA47-71CA-11E1-9E33-C80AA9429562:1-5\n1 row in set (0.00 sec)\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-master-status.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-master-status.html'),(658,'SHOW OPEN TABLES',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW OPEN TABLES\n    [{FROM | IN} db_name]\n    [LIKE \'pattern\' | WHERE expr]\n\nSHOW OPEN TABLES lists the non-TEMPORARY tables that are currently open\nin the table cache. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/table-cache.html. The FROM\nclause, if present, restricts the tables shown to those present in the\ndb_name database. The LIKE clause, if present, indicates which table\nnames to match. The WHERE clause can be given to select rows using more\ngeneral conditions, as discussed in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/extended-show.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-open-tables.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-open-tables.html'),(659,'SHOW PLUGINS',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW PLUGINS\n\nSHOW PLUGINS displays information about server plugins.\n\nExample of SHOW PLUGINS output:\n\nmysql> SHOW PLUGINS\\G\n*************************** 1. row ***************************\n   Name: binlog\n Status: ACTIVE\n   Type: STORAGE ENGINE\nLibrary: NULL\nLicense: GPL\n*************************** 2. row ***************************\n   Name: CSV\n Status: ACTIVE\n   Type: STORAGE ENGINE\nLibrary: NULL\nLicense: GPL\n*************************** 3. row ***************************\n   Name: MEMORY\n Status: ACTIVE\n   Type: STORAGE ENGINE\nLibrary: NULL\nLicense: GPL\n*************************** 4. row ***************************\n   Name: MyISAM\n Status: ACTIVE\n   Type: STORAGE ENGINE\nLibrary: NULL\nLicense: GPL\n...\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-plugins.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-plugins.html'),(660,'SHOW PRIVILEGES',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW PRIVILEGES\n\nSHOW PRIVILEGES shows the list of system privileges that the MySQL\nserver supports. The privileges displayed include all static\nprivileges, and all currently registered dynamic privileges.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-privileges.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-privileges.html'),(661,'SHOW PROCEDURE CODE',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW PROCEDURE CODE proc_name\n\nThis statement is a MySQL extension that is available only for servers\nthat have been built with debugging support. It displays a\nrepresentation of the internal implementation of the named stored\nprocedure. A similar statement, SHOW FUNCTION CODE, displays\ninformation about stored functions (see [HELP SHOW FUNCTION CODE]).\n\nTo use either statement, you must have the global SELECT privilege.\n\nIf the named routine is available, each statement produces a result\nset. Each row in the result set corresponds to one \"instruction\" in the\nroutine. The first column is Pos, which is an ordinal number beginning\nwith 0. The second column is Instruction, which contains an SQL\nstatement (usually changed from the original source), or a directive\nwhich has meaning only to the stored-routine handler.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-procedure-code.html\n\n','mysql> DELIMITER //\nmysql> CREATE PROCEDURE p1 ()\n    -> BEGIN\n    ->   DECLARE fanta INT DEFAULT 55;\n    ->   DROP TABLE t2;\n    ->   LOOP\n    ->     INSERT INTO t3 VALUES (fanta);\n    ->     END LOOP;\n    ->   END//\nQuery OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)\n\nmysql> SHOW PROCEDURE CODE p1//\n+-----+----------------------------------------+\n| Pos | Instruction                            |\n+-----+----------------------------------------+\n|   0 | set fanta@0 55                         |\n|   1 | stmt 9 \"DROP TABLE t2\"                 |\n|   2 | stmt 5 \"INSERT INTO t3 VALUES (fanta)\" |\n|   3 | jump 2                                 |\n+-----+----------------------------------------+\n4 rows in set (0.00 sec)\n','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-procedure-code.html'),(662,'SHOW PROCEDURE STATUS',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW PROCEDURE STATUS\n    [LIKE \'pattern\' | WHERE expr]\n\nThis statement is a MySQL extension. It returns characteristics of a\nstored procedure, such as the database, name, type, creator, creation\nand modification dates, and character set information. A similar\nstatement, SHOW FUNCTION STATUS, displays information about stored\nfunctions (see [HELP SHOW FUNCTION STATUS]).\n\nThe LIKE clause, if present, indicates which procedure or function\nnames to match. The WHERE clause can be given to select rows using more\ngeneral conditions, as discussed in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/extended-show.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-procedure-status.html\n\n','mysql> SHOW PROCEDURE STATUS LIKE \'sp1\'\\G\n*************************** 1. row ***************************\n                  Db: test\n                Name: sp1\n                Type: PROCEDURE\n             Definer: testuser@localhost\n            Modified: 2018-08-08 13:54:11\n             Created: 2018-08-08 13:54:11\n       Security_type: DEFINER\n             Comment:\ncharacter_set_client: utf8mb4\ncollation_connection: utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci\n  Database Collation: utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci\n','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-procedure-status.html'),(663,'SHOW PROCESSLIST',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW [FULL] PROCESSLIST\n\nSHOW PROCESSLIST shows which threads are running. If you have the\nPROCESS privilege, you can see all threads. Otherwise, you can see only\nyour own threads (that is, threads associated with the MySQL account\nthat you are using). If you do not use the FULL keyword, only the first\n100 characters of each statement are shown in the Info field.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-processlist.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-processlist.html'),(664,'SHOW PROFILE',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW PROFILE [type [, type] ... ]\n    [FOR QUERY n]\n    [LIMIT row_count [OFFSET offset]]\n\ntype: {\n    ALL\n  | BLOCK IO\n  | CONTEXT SWITCHES\n  | CPU\n  | IPC\n  | MEMORY\n  | PAGE FAULTS\n  | SOURCE\n  | SWAPS\n}\n\nThe SHOW PROFILE and SHOW PROFILES statements display profiling\ninformation that indicates resource usage for statements executed\nduring the course of the current session.\n\n*Note*:\n\nThe SHOW PROFILE and SHOW PROFILES statements are deprecated and will\nbe removed in a future MySQL release. Use the Performance Schema\ninstead; see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/performance-schema-query-profil\ning.html.\n\nTo control profiling, use the profiling session variable, which has a\ndefault value of 0 (OFF). Enable profiling by setting profiling to 1 or\nON:\n\nmysql> SET profiling = 1;\n\nSHOW PROFILES displays a list of the most recent statements sent to the\nserver. The size of the list is controlled by the\nprofiling_history_size session variable, which has a default value of\n15. The maximum value is 100. Setting the value to 0 has the practical\neffect of disabling profiling.\n\nAll statements are profiled except SHOW PROFILE and SHOW PROFILES, so\nyou will find neither of those statements in the profile list.\nMalformed statements are profiled. For example, SHOW PROFILING is an\nillegal statement, and a syntax error occurs if you try to execute it,\nbut it will show up in the profiling list.\n\nSHOW PROFILE displays detailed information about a single statement.\nWithout the FOR QUERY n clause, the output pertains to the most\nrecently executed statement. If FOR QUERY n is included, SHOW PROFILE\ndisplays information for statement n. The values of n correspond to the\nQuery_ID values displayed by SHOW PROFILES.\n\nThe LIMIT row_count clause may be given to limit the output to\nrow_count rows. If LIMIT is given, OFFSET offset may be added to begin\nthe output offset rows into the full set of rows.\n\nBy default, SHOW PROFILE displays Status and Duration columns. The\nStatus values are like the State values displayed by SHOW PROCESSLIST,\nalthough there might be some minor differences in interpretion for the\ntwo statements for some status values (see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/thread-information.html).\n\nOptional type values may be specified to display specific additional\ntypes of information:\n\no ALL displays all information\n\no BLOCK IO displays counts for block input and output operations\n\no CONTEXT SWITCHES displays counts for voluntary and involuntary\n  context switches\n\no CPU displays user and system CPU usage times\n\no IPC displays counts for messages sent and received\n\no MEMORY is not currently implemented\n\no PAGE FAULTS displays counts for major and minor page faults\n\no SOURCE displays the names of functions from the source code, together\n  with the name and line number of the file in which the function\n  occurs\n\no SWAPS displays swap counts\n\nProfiling is enabled per session. When a session ends, its profiling\ninformation is lost.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-profile.html\n\n','mysql> SELECT @@profiling;\n+-------------+\n| @@profiling |\n+-------------+\n|           0 |\n+-------------+\n1 row in set (0.00 sec)\n\nmysql> SET profiling = 1;\nQuery OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)\n\nmysql> DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1;\nQuery OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)\n\nmysql> CREATE TABLE T1 (id INT);\nQuery OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)\n\nmysql> SHOW PROFILES;\n+----------+----------+--------------------------+\n| Query_ID | Duration | Query                    |\n+----------+----------+--------------------------+\n|        0 | 0.000088 | SET PROFILING = 1        |\n|        1 | 0.000136 | DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1  |\n|        2 | 0.011947 | CREATE TABLE t1 (id INT) |\n+----------+----------+--------------------------+\n3 rows in set (0.00 sec)\n\nmysql> SHOW PROFILE;\n+----------------------+----------+\n| Status               | Duration |\n+----------------------+----------+\n| checking permissions | 0.000040 |\n| creating table       | 0.000056 |\n| After create         | 0.011363 |\n| query end            | 0.000375 |\n| freeing items        | 0.000089 |\n| logging slow query   | 0.000019 |\n| cleaning up          | 0.000005 |\n+----------------------+----------+\n7 rows in set (0.00 sec)\n\nmysql> SHOW PROFILE FOR QUERY 1;\n+--------------------+----------+\n| Status             | Duration |\n+--------------------+----------+\n| query end          | 0.000107 |\n| freeing items      | 0.000008 |\n| logging slow query | 0.000015 |\n| cleaning up        | 0.000006 |\n+--------------------+----------+\n4 rows in set (0.00 sec)\n\nmysql> SHOW PROFILE CPU FOR QUERY 2;\n+----------------------+----------+----------+------------+\n| Status               | Duration | CPU_user | CPU_system |\n+----------------------+----------+----------+------------+\n| checking permissions | 0.000040 | 0.000038 |   0.000002 |\n| creating table       | 0.000056 | 0.000028 |   0.000028 |\n| After create         | 0.011363 | 0.000217 |   0.001571 |\n| query end            | 0.000375 | 0.000013 |   0.000028 |\n| freeing items        | 0.000089 | 0.000010 |   0.000014 |\n| logging slow query   | 0.000019 | 0.000009 |   0.000010 |\n| cleaning up          | 0.000005 | 0.000003 |   0.000002 |\n+----------------------+----------+----------+------------+\n7 rows in set (0.00 sec)\n','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-profile.html'),(665,'SHOW PROFILES',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW PROFILES\n\nThe SHOW PROFILES statement, together with SHOW PROFILE, displays\nprofiling information that indicates resource usage for statements\nexecuted during the course of the current session. For more\ninformation, see [HELP SHOW PROFILE].\n\n*Note*:\n\nThe SHOW PROFILE and SHOW PROFILES statements are deprecated and will\nbe removed in a future MySQL release. Use the Performance Schema\ninstead; see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/performance-schema-query-profil\ning.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-profiles.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-profiles.html'),(666,'SHOW RELAYLOG EVENTS',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW RELAYLOG EVENTS\n    [IN \'log_name\']\n    [FROM pos]\n    [LIMIT [offset,] row_count]\n    [channel_option]\n\nchannel_option:\n    FOR CHANNEL channel\n\nShows the events in the relay log of a replication slave. If you do not\nspecify \'log_name\', the first relay log is displayed. This statement\nhas no effect on the master. SHOW RELAYLOG EVENTS requires the\nREPLICATION SLAVE privilege.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-relaylog-events.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-relaylog-events.html'),(667,'SHOW SLAVE HOSTS',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW SLAVE HOSTS\n\nDisplays a list of replication slaves currently registered with the\nmaster. SHOW SLAVE HOSTS requires the REPLICATION SLAVE privilege.\n\nSHOW SLAVE HOSTS should be executed on a server that acts as a\nreplication master. The statement displays information about servers\nthat are or have been connected as replication slaves, with each row of\nthe result corresponding to one slave server, as shown here:\n\nmysql> SHOW SLAVE HOSTS;\n+------------+-----------+------+-----------+--------------------------------------+\n| Server_id  | Host      | Port | Master_id | Slave_UUID                           |\n+------------+-----------+------+-----------+--------------------------------------+\n|  192168010 | iconnect2 | 3306 | 192168011 | 14cb6624-7f93-11e0-b2c0-c80aa9429562 |\n| 1921680101 | athena    | 3306 | 192168011 | 07af4990-f41f-11df-a566-7ac56fdaf645 |\n+------------+-----------+------+-----------+--------------------------------------+\n\no Server_id: The unique server ID of the slave server, as configured in\n  the slave server\'s option file, or on the command line with\n  --server-id=value.\n\no Host: The host name of the slave server as specified on the slave\n  with the --report-host option. This can differ from the machine name\n  as configured in the operating system.\n\no User: The slave server user name as, specified on the slave with the\n  --report-user option. Statement output includes this column only if\n  the master server is started with the --show-slave-auth-info option.\n\no Password: The slave server password as, specified on the slave with\n  the --report-password option. Statement output includes this column\n  only if the master server is started with the --show-slave-auth-info\n  option.\n\no Port: The port on the master to which the slave server is listening,\n  as specified on the slave with the --report-port option.\n\n  A zero in this column means that the slave port (--report-port) was\n  not set.\n\no Master_id: The unique server ID of the master server that the slave\n  server is replicating from. This is the server ID of the server on\n  which SHOW SLAVE HOSTS is executed, so this same value is listed for\n  each row in the result.\n\no Slave_UUID: The globally unique ID of this slave, as generated on the\n  slave and found in the slave\'s auto.cnf file.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-slave-hosts.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-slave-hosts.html'),(668,'SHOW SLAVE STATUS',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW SLAVE STATUS [FOR CHANNEL channel]\n\nThis statement provides status information on essential parameters of\nthe slave threads. It requires either the SUPER or REPLICATION CLIENT\nprivilege.\n\nSHOW SLAVE STATUS is nonblocking. When run concurrently with STOP\nSLAVE, SHOW SLAVE STATUS returns without waiting for STOP SLAVE to\nfinish shutting down the slave SQL thread or slave I/O thread (or\nboth). This permits use in monitoring and other applications where\ngetting an immediate response from SHOW SLAVE STATUS more important\nthan ensuring that it returned the latest data.\n\nIf you issue this statement using the mysql client, you can use a \\G\nstatement terminator rather than a semicolon to obtain a more readable\nvertical layout:\n\nmysql> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\\G\n*************************** 1. row ***************************\n               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event\n                  Master_Host: localhost\n                  Master_User: repl\n                  Master_Port: 13000\n                Connect_Retry: 60\n              Master_Log_File: master-bin.000002\n          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1307\n               Relay_Log_File: slave-relay-bin.000003\n                Relay_Log_Pos: 1508\n        Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000002\n             Slave_IO_Running: Yes\n            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes\n              Replicate_Do_DB:\n          Replicate_Ignore_DB:\n           Replicate_Do_Table:\n       Replicate_Ignore_Table:\n      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:\n  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:\n                   Last_Errno: 0\n                   Last_Error:\n                 Skip_Counter: 0\n          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1307\n              Relay_Log_Space: 1858\n              Until_Condition: None\n               Until_Log_File:\n                Until_Log_Pos: 0\n           Master_SSL_Allowed: No\n           Master_SSL_CA_File:\n           Master_SSL_CA_Path:\n              Master_SSL_Cert:\n            Master_SSL_Cipher:\n               Master_SSL_Key:\n        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0\nMaster_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No\n                Last_IO_Errno: 0\n                Last_IO_Error:\n               Last_SQL_Errno: 0\n               Last_SQL_Error:\n  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:\n             Master_Server_Id: 1\n                  Master_UUID: 3e11fa47-71ca-11e1-9e33-c80aa9429562\n             Master_Info_File: \n                    SQL_Delay: 0\n          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL\n      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Reading event from the relay log\n           Master_Retry_Count: 10\n                  Master_Bind:\n      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:\n     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:\n               Master_SSL_Crl:\n           Master_SSL_Crlpath:\n           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 3e11fa47-71ca-11e1-9e33-c80aa9429562:1-5\n            Executed_Gtid_Set: 3e11fa47-71ca-11e1-9e33-c80aa9429562:1-5\n                Auto_Position: 1\n         Replicate_Rewrite_DB:\n                 Channel_name:\n           Master_TLS_Version: TLSv1.2\n       Master_public_key_path: public_key.pem\n        Get_master_public_key: 0\n\nThe Performance Schema provides tables that expose replication\ninformation. This is similar to the information available from the SHOW\nSLAVE STATUS statement, but represented in table form. For details, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/performance-schema-replication-\ntables.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-slave-status.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-slave-status.html'),(669,'SHOW STATUS',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW [GLOBAL | SESSION] STATUS\n    [LIKE \'pattern\' | WHERE expr]\n\nSHOW STATUS provides server status information (see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-status-variables.html).\nThis statement does not require any privilege. It requires only the\nability to connect to the server.\n\nStatus variable information is also available from these sources:\n\no Performance Schema tables. See\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/performance-schema-status-var\n  iable-tables.html.\n\no The mysqladmin extended-status command. See\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/mysqladmin.html.\n\nFor SHOW STATUS, a LIKE clause, if present, indicates which variable\nnames to match. A WHERE clause can be given to select rows using more\ngeneral conditions, as discussed in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/extended-show.html.\n\nSHOW STATUS accepts an optional GLOBAL or SESSION variable scope\nmodifier:\n\no With a GLOBAL modifier, the statement displays the global status\n  values. A global status variable may represent status for some aspect\n  of the server itself (for example, Aborted_connects), or the\n  aggregated status over all connections to MySQL (for example,\n  Bytes_received and Bytes_sent). If a variable has no global value,\n  the session value is displayed.\n\no With a SESSION modifier, the statement displays the status variable\n  values for the current connection. If a variable has no session\n  value, the global value is displayed. LOCAL is a synonym for SESSION.\n\no If no modifier is present, the default is SESSION.\n\nThe scope for each status variable is listed at\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-status-variables.html.\n\nEach invocation of the SHOW STATUS statement uses an internal temporary\ntable and increments the global Created_tmp_tables value.\n\nWith a LIKE clause, the statement displays only rows for those\nvariables with names that match the pattern:\n\nmysql> SHOW STATUS LIKE \'Key%\';\n+--------------------+----------+\n| Variable_name      | Value    |\n+--------------------+----------+\n| Key_blocks_used    | 14955    |\n| Key_read_requests  | 96854827 |\n| Key_reads          | 162040   |\n| Key_write_requests | 7589728  |\n| Key_writes         | 3813196  |\n+--------------------+----------+\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-status.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-status.html'),(670,'SHOW TABLE STATUS',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW TABLE STATUS\n    [{FROM | IN} db_name]\n    [LIKE \'pattern\' | WHERE expr]\n\nSHOW TABLE STATUS works likes SHOW TABLES, but provides a lot of\ninformation about each non-TEMPORARY table. You can also get this list\nusing the mysqlshow --status db_name command. The LIKE clause, if\npresent, indicates which table names to match. The WHERE clause can be\ngiven to select rows using more general conditions, as discussed in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/extended-show.html.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-table-status.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-table-status.html'),(671,'SHOW TABLES',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW [EXTENDED] [FULL] TABLES\n    [{FROM | IN} db_name]\n    [LIKE \'pattern\' | WHERE expr]\n\nSHOW TABLES lists the non-TEMPORARY tables in a given database. You can\nalso get this list using the mysqlshow db_name command. The LIKE\nclause, if present, indicates which table names to match. The WHERE\nclause can be given to select rows using more general conditions, as\ndiscussed in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/extended-show.html.\n\nMatching performed by the LIKE clause is dependent on the setting of\nthe lower_case_table_names system variable.\n\nThe optional EXTENDED modifier causes SHOW TABLES to list hidden tables\ncreated by failed ALTER TABLE statements. These temporary tables have\nnames beginning with #sql and can be dropped using DROP TABLE.\n\nThis statement also lists any views in the database. The optional FULL\nmodifier causes SHOW TABLES to display a second output column with\nvalues of BASE TABLE for a table, VIEW for a view, or SYSTEM VIEW for\nan INFORMATION_SCHEMA table.\n\nIf you have no privileges for a base table or view, it does not show up\nin the output from SHOW TABLES or mysqlshow db_name.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-tables.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-tables.html'),(672,'SHOW TRIGGERS',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW TRIGGERS\n    [{FROM | IN} db_name]\n    [LIKE \'pattern\' | WHERE expr]\n\nSHOW TRIGGERS lists the triggers currently defined for tables in a\ndatabase (the default database unless a FROM clause is given). This\nstatement returns results only for databases and tables for which you\nhave the TRIGGER privilege. The LIKE clause, if present, indicates\nwhich table names (not trigger names) to match and causes the statement\nto display triggers for those tables. The WHERE clause can be given to\nselect rows using more general conditions, as discussed in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/extended-show.html.\n\nFor the ins_sum trigger defined in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/triggers.html, the output of\nSHOW TRIGGERS is as shown here:\n\nmysql> SHOW TRIGGERS LIKE \'acc%\'\\G\n*************************** 1. row ***************************\n             Trigger: ins_sum\n               Event: INSERT\n               Table: account\n           Statement: SET @sum = @sum + NEW.amount\n              Timing: BEFORE\n             Created: 2018-08-08 10:10:12.61\n            sql_mode: ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,\n                      NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,\n                      ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,\n                      NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION\n             Definer: me@localhost\ncharacter_set_client: utf8mb4\ncollation_connection: utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci\n  Database Collation: utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-triggers.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-triggers.html'),(673,'SHOW VARIABLES',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW [GLOBAL | SESSION] VARIABLES\n    [LIKE \'pattern\' | WHERE expr]\n\nSHOW VARIABLES shows the values of MySQL system variables (see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-system-variables.html).\nThis statement does not require any privilege. It requires only the\nability to connect to the server.\n\nSystem variable information is also available from these sources:\n\no Performance Schema tables. See\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/performance-schema-system-var\n  iable-tables.html.\n\no The mysqladmin variables command. See\n  https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/mysqladmin.html.\n\nFor SHOW VARIABLES, a LIKE clause, if present, indicates which variable\nnames to match. A WHERE clause can be given to select rows using more\ngeneral conditions, as discussed in\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/extended-show.html.\n\nSHOW VARIABLES accepts an optional GLOBAL or SESSION variable scope\nmodifier:\n\no With a GLOBAL modifier, the statement displays global system variable\n  values. These are the values used to initialize the corresponding\n  session variables for new connections to MySQL. If a variable has no\n  global value, no value is displayed.\n\no With a SESSION modifier, the statement displays the system variable\n  values that are in effect for the current connection. If a variable\n  has no session value, the global value is displayed. LOCAL is a\n  synonym for SESSION.\n\no If no modifier is present, the default is SESSION.\n\nThe scope for each system variable is listed at\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-system-variables.html.\n\nSHOW VARIABLES is subject to a version-dependent display-width limit.\nFor variables with very long values that are not completely displayed,\nuse SELECT as a workaround. For example:\n\nSELECT @@GLOBAL.innodb_data_file_path;\n\nMost system variables can be set at server startup (read-only variables\nsuch as version_comment are exceptions). Many can be changed at runtime\nwith the SET statement. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/using-system-variables.html,\nand [HELP SET].\n\nWith a LIKE clause, the statement displays only rows for those\nvariables with names that match the pattern. To obtain the row for a\nspecific variable, use a LIKE clause as shown:\n\nSHOW VARIABLES LIKE \'max_join_size\';\nSHOW SESSION VARIABLES LIKE \'max_join_size\';\n\nTo get a list of variables whose name match a pattern, use the %\nwildcard character in a LIKE clause:\n\nSHOW VARIABLES LIKE \'%size%\';\nSHOW GLOBAL VARIABLES LIKE \'%size%\';\n\nWildcard characters can be used in any position within the pattern to\nbe matched. Strictly speaking, because _ is a wildcard that matches any\nsingle character, you should escape it as \\_ to match it literally. In\npractice, this is rarely necessary.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-variables.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-variables.html'),(674,'SHOW WARNINGS',3,'Syntax:\nSHOW WARNINGS [LIMIT [offset,] row_count]\nSHOW COUNT(*) WARNINGS\n\nSHOW WARNINGS is a diagnostic statement that displays information about\nthe conditions (errors, warnings, and notes) resulting from executing a\nstatement in the current session. Warnings are generated for DML\nstatements such as INSERT, UPDATE, and LOAD DATA as well as DDL\nstatements such as CREATE TABLE and ALTER TABLE.\n\nThe LIMIT clause has the same syntax as for the SELECT statement. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/select.html.\n\nSHOW WARNINGS is also used following EXPLAIN, to display the extended\ninformation generated by EXPLAIN. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/explain-extended.html.\n\nSHOW WARNINGS displays information about the conditions resulting from\nexecution of the most recent nondiagnostic statement in the current\nsession. If the most recent statement resulted in an error during\nparsing, SHOW WARNINGS shows the resulting conditions, regardless of\nstatement type (diagnostic or nondiagnostic).\n\nThe SHOW COUNT(*) WARNINGS diagnostic statement displays the total\nnumber of errors, warnings, and notes. You can also retrieve this\nnumber from the warning_count system variable:\n\nSHOW COUNT(*) WARNINGS;\nSELECT @@warning_count;\n\nA difference in these statements is that the first is a diagnostic\nstatement that does not clear the message list. The second, because it\nis a SELECT statement is considered nondiagnostic and does clear the\nmessage list.\n\nA related diagnostic statement, SHOW ERRORS, shows only error\nconditions (it excludes warnings and notes), and SHOW COUNT(*) ERRORS\nstatement displays the total number of errors. See [HELP SHOW ERRORS].\nGET DIAGNOSTICS can be used to examine information for individual\nconditions. See [HELP GET DIAGNOSTICS].\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-warnings.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/show-warnings.html'),(675,'BINLOG',3,'Syntax:\nBINLOG \'str\'\n\nBINLOG is an internal-use statement. It is generated by the mysqlbinlog\nprogram as the printable representation of certain events in binary log\nfiles. (See https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/mysqlbinlog.html.)\nThe \'str\' value is a base 64-encoded string the that server decodes to\ndetermine the data change indicated by the corresponding event.\n\nTo execute BINLOG statements when applying mysqlbinlog output, a user\naccount requires the BINLOG_ADMIN or SUPER privilege, or the\nREPLICATION_APPLIER privilege plus the appropriate privileges to\nexecute each log event.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/binlog.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/binlog.html'),(676,'CACHE INDEX',3,'Syntax:\nCACHE INDEX {\n      tbl_index_list [, tbl_index_list] ...\n    | tbl_name PARTITION (partition_list)\n  }\n  IN key_cache_name\n\ntbl_index_list:\n  tbl_name [{INDEX|KEY} (index_name[, index_name] ...)]\n\npartition_list: {\n    partition_name[, partition_name] ...\n  | ALL\n}\n\nThe CACHE INDEX statement assigns table indexes to a specific key\ncache. It applies only to MyISAM tables, including partitioned MyISAM\ntables. After the indexes have been assigned, they can be preloaded\ninto the cache if desired with LOAD INDEX INTO CACHE.\n\nThe following statement assigns indexes from the tables t1, t2, and t3\nto the key cache named hot_cache:\n\nmysql> CACHE INDEX t1, t2, t3 IN hot_cache;\n+---------+--------------------+----------+----------+\n| Table   | Op                 | Msg_type | Msg_text |\n+---------+--------------------+----------+----------+\n| test.t1 | assign_to_keycache | status   | OK       |\n| test.t2 | assign_to_keycache | status   | OK       |\n| test.t3 | assign_to_keycache | status   | OK       |\n+---------+--------------------+----------+----------+\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/cache-index.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/cache-index.html'),(677,'FLUSH',3,'Syntax:\nFLUSH [NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG | LOCAL] {\n    flush_option [, flush_option] ...\n  | tables_option\n}\n\nflush_option: {\n    BINARY LOGS\n  | ENGINE LOGS\n  | ERROR LOGS\n  | GENERAL LOGS\n  | HOSTS\n  | LOGS\n  | PRIVILEGES\n  | OPTIMIZER_COSTS\n  | RELAY LOGS [FOR CHANNEL channel]\n  | SLOW LOGS\n  | STATUS\n  | USER_RESOURCES\n}\n\ntables_option: {\n    TABLES\n  | TABLES tbl_name [, tbl_name] ...\n  | TABLES WITH READ LOCK\n  | TABLES tbl_name [, tbl_name] ... WITH READ LOCK\n  | TABLES tbl_name [, tbl_name] ... FOR EXPORT\n}\n\nThe FLUSH statement has several variant forms that clear or reload\nvarious internal caches, flush tables, or acquire locks. To execute\nFLUSH, you must have the RELOAD privilege. Specific flush options might\nrequire additional privileges, as described later.\n\n*Note*:\n\nIt is not possible to issue FLUSH statements within stored functions or\ntriggers. However, you may use FLUSH in stored procedures, so long as\nthese are not called from stored functions or triggers. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/stored-program-restrictions.htm\nl.\n\nBy default, the server writes FLUSH statements to the binary log so\nthat they replicate to replication slaves. To suppress logging, specify\nthe optional NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG keyword or its alias LOCAL.\n\n*Note*:\n\nFLUSH LOGS, FLUSH BINARY LOGS, FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK (with or\nwithout a table list), and FLUSH TABLES tbl_name ... FOR EXPORT are not\nwritten to the binary log in any case because they would cause problems\nif replicated to a slave.\n\nThe FLUSH statement causes an implicit commit. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/implicit-commit.html.\n\nThe mysqladmin utility provides a command-line interface to some flush\noperations, using commands such as flush-hosts, flush-logs,\nflush-privileges, flush-status, and flush-tables. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/mysqladmin.html.\n\nSending a SIGHUP signal to the server causes several flush operations\nto occur that are similar to various forms of the FLUSH statement. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-signal-response.html.\n\nThe RESET statement is similar to FLUSH. See [HELP RESET], for\ninformation about using the RESET statement with replication.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/flush.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/flush.html'),(678,'KILL',3,'Syntax:\nKILL [CONNECTION | QUERY] processlist_id\n\nEach connection to mysqld runs in a separate thread. You can kill a\nthread with the KILL processlist_id statement.\n\nThread processlist identifiers can be determined from the ID column of\nthe INFORMATION_SCHEMA PROCESSLIST table, the Id column of SHOW\nPROCESSLIST output, and the PROCESSLIST_ID column of the Performance\nSchema threads table. The value for the current thread is returned by\nthe CONNECTION_ID() function.\n\nKILL permits an optional CONNECTION or QUERY modifier:\n\no KILL CONNECTION is the same as KILL with no modifier: It terminates\n  the connection associated with the given processlist_id, after\n  terminating any statement the connection is executing.\n\no KILL QUERY terminates the statement the connection is currently\n  executing, but leaves the connection itself intact.\n\nThe ability to see which threads are available to be killed depends on\nthe PROCESS privilege:\n\no Without PROCESS, you can see only your own threads.\n\no With PROCESS, you can see all threads.\n\nThe ability to kill threads and statements depends on the\nCONNECTION_ADMIN and SUPER privileges:\n\no Without CONNECTION_ADMIN or SUPER, you can kill only your own threads\n  and statements.\n\no With CONNECTION_ADMIN or SUPER, you can kill all threads and\n  statements, except that to affect a thread or statement that is\n  executing with the SYSTEM_USER privilege, your own session must\n  additionally have the SYSTEM_USER privilege.\n\nYou can also use the mysqladmin processlist and mysqladmin kill\ncommands to examine and kill threads.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/kill.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/kill.html'),(679,'LOAD INDEX',3,'Syntax:\nLOAD INDEX INTO CACHE\n  tbl_index_list [, tbl_index_list] ...\n\ntbl_index_list:\n  tbl_name\n    [PARTITION (partition_list)]\n    [{INDEX|KEY} (index_name[, index_name] ...)]\n    [IGNORE LEAVES]\n\npartition_list: {\n    partition_name[, partition_name] ...\n  | ALL\n}\n\nThe LOAD INDEX INTO CACHE statement preloads a table index into the key\ncache to which it has been assigned by an explicit CACHE INDEX\nstatement, or into the default key cache otherwise.\n\nLOAD INDEX INTO CACHE applies only to MyISAM tables, including\npartitioned MyISAM tables. In addition, indexes on partitioned tables\ncan be preloaded for one, several, or all partitions.\n\nThe IGNORE LEAVES modifier causes only blocks for the nonleaf nodes of\nthe index to be preloaded.\n\nIGNORE LEAVES is also supported for partitioned MyISAM tables.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/load-index.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/load-index.html'),(680,'RESET',3,'Syntax:\nRESET reset_option [, reset_option] ...\n\nreset_option: {\n    MASTER\n  | SLAVE\n}\n\nThe RESET statement is used to clear the state of various server\noperations. You must have the RELOAD privilege to execute RESET.\n\nFor information about the RESET PERSIST statement that removes\npersisted global system variables, see [HELP RESET PERSIST].\n\nRESET acts as a stronger version of the FLUSH statement. See [HELP\nFLUSH].\n\nThe RESET statement causes an implicit commit. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/implicit-commit.html.\n\nThe following list describes the permitted RESET statement reset_option\nvalues:\n\no RESET MASTER\n\n  Deletes all binary logs listed in the index file, resets the binary\n  log index file to be empty, and creates a new binary log file.\n\no RESET SLAVE\n\n  Makes the slave forget its replication position in the master binary\n  logs. Also resets the relay log by deleting any existing relay log\n  files and beginning a new one.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/reset.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/reset.html'),(681,'RESET PERSIST',3,'Syntax:\nRESET PERSIST [[IF EXISTS] system_var_name]\n\nRESET PERSIST removes persisted global system variable settings from\nthe mysqld-auto.cnf option file in the data directory. Removing a\npersisted system variable causes the variable no longer to be\ninitialized from mysqld-auto.cnf at server startup. For more\ninformation about persisting system variables and the mysqld-auto.cnf\nfile, see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/persisted-system-variables.html\n.\n\nThe privileges required for RESET PERSIST depend on the type of system\nvariable to be removed:\n\no For dynamic system variables, this statement requires the\n  SYSTEM_VARIABLES_ADMIN or SUPER privilege.\n\no For read-only system variables, this statement requires the\n  SYSTEM_VARIABLES_ADMIN and PERSIST_RO_VARIABLES_ADMIN privileges.\n\nSee\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/system-variable-privileges.html\n.\n\nDepending on whether the variable name and IF EXISTS clauses are\npresent, the RESET PERSIST statement has these forms:\n\no To remove all persisted variables from mysqld-auto.cnf, use RESET\n  PERSIST without naming any system variable:\n\nRESET PERSIST;\n\n  You must have privileges for removing both dynamic and read-only\n  system variables if mysqld-auto.cnf contains both kinds of variables.\n\no To remove a specific persisted variable from mysqld-auto.cnf, name it\n  in the statement:\n\nRESET PERSIST system_var_name;\n\n  This includes plugin system variables, even if the plugin is not\n  currently installed. If the variable is not present in the file, an\n  error occurs.\n\no To remove a specific persisted variable from mysqld-auto.cnf, but\n  produce a warning rather than an error if the variable is not present\n  in the file, add an IF EXISTS clause to the previous syntax:\n\nRESET PERSIST IF EXISTS system_var_name;\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/reset-persist.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/reset-persist.html'),(682,'RESTART',3,'Syntax:\nRESTART\n\nThis statement stops and restarts the MySQL server. It requires the\nSHUTDOWN privilege.\n\nOne use for RESTART is when it is not possible or convenient to gain\ncommand-line access to the MySQL server on the server host to restart\nit. For example, SET PERSIST_ONLY can be used at runtime to make\nconfiguration changes to system variables that can be set only at\nserver startup, but the server must still be restarted for those\nchanges to take effect. The RESTART statement provides a way to do so\nfrom within client sessions, without requiring command-line access on\nthe server host.\n\n*Note*:\n\nAfter executing a RESTART statement, the client can expect the current\nconnection to be lost. If auto-reconnect is enabled, the connection\nwill be reestablished after the server restarts. Otherwise, the\nconnection must be reestablished manually.\n\nA successful RESTART operation requires mysqld to be running in an\nenvironment that has a monitoring process available to detect a server\nshutdown performed for restart purposes:\n\no In the presence of a monitoring process, RESTART causes mysqld to\n  terminate such that the monitoring process can determine that it\n  should start a new mysqld instance.\n\no If no monitoring process is present, RESTART fails with an error.\n\nThese platforms provide the necessary monitoring support for the\nRESTART statement:\n\no Windows, when mysqld is started as a Windows service or standalone.\n  (mysqld forks, and one process acts as a monitor to the other, which\n  acts as the server.)\n\no Unix and Unix-like systems that use systemd or mysqld_safe to manage\n  mysqld.\n\nTo configure a monitoring environment such that mysqld enables the\nRESTART statement:\n\n1. Set the MYSQLD_PARENT_PID environment variable to the value of the\n   process ID of the process that starts mysqld, before starting\n   mysqld.\n\n2. When mysqld performs a shutdown due to use of the RESTART statement,\n   it returns exit code 16.\n\n3. When the monitoring process detects an exit code of 16, it starts\n   mysqld again. Otherwise, it exits.\n\nHere is a minimal example as implemented in the bash shell:\n\n#!/bin/bash\n\nexport MYSQLD_PARENT_PID=$$\n\nexport MYSQLD_RESTART_EXIT=16\n\nwhile true ; do\n  bin/mysqld mysqld options here\n  if [ $? -ne $MYSQLD_RESTART_EXIT ]; then\n    break\n  fi\ndone\n\nOn Windows, the forking used to implement RESTART makes determining the\nserver process to attach to for debugging more difficult. To alleviate\nthis, starting the server with --gdb suppresses forking, in addition to\nits other actions done to set up a debugging environment. In non-debug\nsettings, --no-monitor may be used for the sole purpose of suppressing\nforking the monitor process. For a server started with either --gdb or\n--no-monitor, executing RESTART causes the server to simply exit\nwithout restarting.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/restart.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/restart.html'),(683,'SHUTDOWN',3,'Syntax:\nSHUTDOWN\n\nThis statement stops the MySQL server. It requires the SHUTDOWN\nprivilege.\n\nSHUTDOWN provides an SQL-level interface to the same functionality\navailable using the mysqladmin shutdown command or the mysql_shutdown()\nC API function.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/shutdown.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/shutdown.html'),(684,'EXPLAIN',42,'Syntax:\n{EXPLAIN | DESCRIBE | DESC}\n    tbl_name [col_name | wild]\n\n{EXPLAIN | DESCRIBE | DESC}\n    [explain_type]\n    {explainable_stmt | FOR CONNECTION connection_id}\n\n{EXPLAIN | DESCRIBE | DESC} ANALYZE select_statement    \n\nexplain_type: {\n    FORMAT = format_name\n}\n\nformat_name: {\n    TRADITIONAL\n  | JSON\n  | TREE\n}\n\nexplainable_stmt: {\n    SELECT statement\n  | DELETE statement\n  | INSERT statement\n  | REPLACE statement\n  | UPDATE statement\n}\n\nThe DESCRIBE and EXPLAIN statements are synonyms. In practice, the\nDESCRIBE keyword is more often used to obtain information about table\nstructure, whereas EXPLAIN is used to obtain a query execution plan\n(that is, an explanation of how MySQL would execute a query).\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/explain.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/explain.html'),(685,'DESCRIBE',42,'Syntax:\n{EXPLAIN | DESCRIBE | DESC}\n    tbl_name [col_name | wild]\n\n{EXPLAIN | DESCRIBE | DESC}\n    [explain_type]\n    {explainable_stmt | FOR CONNECTION connection_id}\n\n{EXPLAIN | DESCRIBE | DESC} ANALYZE select_statement    \n\nexplain_type: {\n    FORMAT = format_name\n}\n\nformat_name: {\n    TRADITIONAL\n  | JSON\n  | TREE\n}\n\nexplainable_stmt: {\n    SELECT statement\n  | DELETE statement\n  | INSERT statement\n  | REPLACE statement\n  | UPDATE statement\n}\n\nThe DESCRIBE and EXPLAIN statements are synonyms. In practice, the\nDESCRIBE keyword is more often used to obtain information about table\nstructure, whereas EXPLAIN is used to obtain a query execution plan\n(that is, an explanation of how MySQL would execute a query).\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/explain.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/explain.html'),(686,'DESC',42,'Syntax:\n{EXPLAIN | DESCRIBE | DESC}\n    tbl_name [col_name | wild]\n\n{EXPLAIN | DESCRIBE | DESC}\n    [explain_type]\n    {explainable_stmt | FOR CONNECTION connection_id}\n\n{EXPLAIN | DESCRIBE | DESC} ANALYZE select_statement    \n\nexplain_type: {\n    FORMAT = format_name\n}\n\nformat_name: {\n    TRADITIONAL\n  | JSON\n  | TREE\n}\n\nexplainable_stmt: {\n    SELECT statement\n  | DELETE statement\n  | INSERT statement\n  | REPLACE statement\n  | UPDATE statement\n}\n\nThe DESCRIBE and EXPLAIN statements are synonyms. In practice, the\nDESCRIBE keyword is more often used to obtain information about table\nstructure, whereas EXPLAIN is used to obtain a query execution plan\n(that is, an explanation of how MySQL would execute a query).\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/explain.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/explain.html'),(687,'HELP STATEMENT',42,'Syntax:\nHELP \'search_string\'\n\nThe HELP statement returns online information from the MySQL Reference\nManual. Its proper operation requires that the help tables in the mysql\ndatabase be initialized with help topic information (see\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-side-help-support.html).\n\nThe HELP statement searches the help tables for the given search string\nand displays the result of the search. The search string is not\ncase-sensitive.\n\nThe search string can contain the wildcard characters % and _. These\nhave the same meaning as for pattern-matching operations performed with\nthe LIKE operator. For example, HELP \'rep%\' returns a list of topics\nthat begin with rep.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/help.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/help.html'),(688,'USE',42,'Syntax:\nUSE db_name\n\nThe USE statement tells MySQL to use the named database as the default\n(current) database for subsequent statements. This statement requires\nsome privilege for the database or some object within it.\n\nThe named database remains the default until the end of the session or\nanother USE statement is issued:\n\nUSE db1;\nSELECT COUNT(*) FROM mytable;   # selects from db1.mytable\nUSE db2;\nSELECT COUNT(*) FROM mytable;   # selects from db2.mytable\n\nThe database name must be specified on a single line. Newlines in\ndatabase names are not supported.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/use.html\n\n','','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/use.html'),(689,'MERGE',43,'The MERGE storage engine, also known as the MRG_MyISAM engine, is a\ncollection of identical MyISAM tables that can be used as one.\n\"Identical\" means that all tables have identical column data types and\nindex information. You cannot merge MyISAM tables in which the columns\nare listed in a different order, do not have exactly the same data\ntypes in corresponding columns, or have the indexes in different order.\nHowever, any or all of the MyISAM tables can be compressed with\nmyisampack. See\nhttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/myisampack.html. Differences\nbetween tables such as these do not matter:\n\no Names of corresponding columns and indexes can differ.\n\no Comments for tables, columns, and indexes can differ.\n\no Table options such as AVG_ROW_LENGTH, MAX_ROWS, or PACK_KEYS can\n  differ.\n\nURL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/merge-storage-engine.html\n\n','mysql> CREATE TABLE t1 (\n    ->    a INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,\n    ->    message CHAR(20)) ENGINE=MyISAM;\nmysql> CREATE TABLE t2 (\n    ->    a INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,\n    ->    message CHAR(20)) ENGINE=MyISAM;\nmysql> INSERT INTO t1 (message) VALUES (\'Testing\'),(\'table\'),(\'t1\');\nmysql> INSERT INTO t2 (message) VALUES (\'Testing\'),(\'table\'),(\'t2\');\nmysql> CREATE TABLE total (\n    ->    a INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,\n    ->    message CHAR(20), INDEX(a))\n    ->    ENGINE=MERGE UNION=(t1,t2) INSERT_METHOD=LAST;\n','https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/merge-storage-engine.html');
